(1) This approach successfully identified groups of common aboveground decay fungi including Cladosporium, Alternaria, Epicoccum, and Aureobasidium spp.
(2) TLC and GLC of an alkaloid extract of the aboveground portions of Lupinus argenteus Pursh.
(3) This study involves old and new material of 184 small mammalian species both insectivores and rodents; 111 living aboveground and 73 species living partly (fossorial, N = 28) or totally (subterranean, N = 45) underground.
(4) The herbal composition included Achillea millefolium, Urtica dioica, Cichorium (aboveground part), Polygonum, Matricaria chamomilla (flowers), Helichrysum arenarium, Calendula (flowers), corn stigmas, Humulus lupulus (racemes) in proportion 3:3:1:1:2:1:1:2:1 respectively.
(5) The relatively high levels of heterozygosity observed are not in accordance with the view that subterranean taxa should be less variable than aboveground species due to the uniformity of their environment.
(6) Fifteen micrometeorologic or microenvironmental parameters, including temperature, moisture, wind, and solar radiation, were repeatedly measured at 1 m and 2.5 cm aboveground, in the litter layer, and in the soil concurrently with drag samples of questing American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say), in five plots (1 by 10 m) in Delaware County, Ohio.
(7) Daily use of coca was significantly higher among miners with a heavy work load as compared with those having a moderate-to-light work load (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.24); it was also higher among those who had worked only underground rather than always or ever aboveground (OR 7.25), among those working as drillers or cart pushers as opposed to other tasks (OR 6.56), and among Mestizos and Indians compared with whites (OR 3.33).
(8) Measurements of the annual effective dose equivalent from radon daughters for different types of aboveground and underground buildings gave average values of 1.1 and 1.5 mSv, respectively.
(9) EtOH extracts of the rhizomes and aboveground portion of Trillium grandiflorum showed significant antifungal activity.
(10) The aboveground decay fungi sampled indoors in winter were present at relatively high concentrations in homes with gas stoves for cooking, suggesting a possible association between these fungi and increased humidity from the combustion process.
(11) Subterranean and fossorial small mammals are more homozygous in protein diversity, primarily isozymes, compared with aboveground species.
(12) Significant excesses in mortality due to stomach cancer were found for both underground (SMR = 167) and aboveground (SMR = 181) miners as compared with U.S. white males.
(13) The results indicated that (i) in general, insectivores harbor significantly lower levels of heterozygosity than rodents, and (ii) both overall, and in insectivores and rodents separately, the narrow-niche fossorial and subterranean species displayed significantly lower levels of observed heterozygosity than small mammalian species living aboveground.