What's the difference between acanthocephala and lemniscus?
Acanthocephala
Definition:
(n. pl.) A group of intestinal worms, having the proboscis armed with recurved spines.
Example Sentences:
(1) The ability of Acanthocephala possessing extreme eutelia to a physiological adaptation is indicative of its not obligatory participation of mitotic processes in the acclimation.
(2) Shelled acanthors (= eggs) of two isolates of Moniliformis moniliformis (Acanthocephala) were tested for their capacity to respond to a hatching stimulus in vitro and for their retention of infectivity to a natural intermediate host (Periplaneta americana).
(3) Nine acanthocephala recovered over a two-month period from the stools of a 10-month-old child in Texas were identified as Macracanthorhynchus ingens, a common intestinal parasite of the raccoon, Procyon lotor.
(4) This constitutes the first record of this acanthocephala in a new host, as well a new geographic distribution.
(5) If few so called "primitive" Acanthocephala are indeed parasitic in "primitive" fishes, in the majority of cases the main factor for infestation is related to the trophic behaviour of the definitive host and do not depends on its phylogenic position.
(6) Twenty-three species of helminths were collected including 10 species of Trematoda (Brachylaima virginiana, Euryhelmis squamula, Eurytrema procyonis, Fibricola cratera, Gyrosoma singulare, Maritreminoides nettae, Mesostephanus appendiculatoides, Metagonimoides oregonensis, Paragonimus kellicotti, Pharyngostomoides procyonis), 2 species of Cestoda (Atriotaenia procyonis, Mesocestoides variabilis), 10 species of Nematoda (Arthrocephalus lotoris, Baylisascaris procyonis, Capillaria putorii, C. plica, Crenosoma goblei, Dracunculus insignis, Gnathostoma procyonis, Molineus barbatus, Physaloptera rara, Trichinella spiralis), and 1 species of Acanthocephala (Macracanthorhynchus ingens).
(7) Two new species of Acanthocephala of the genus Echinorhynchus were found and described from fishes of Falkland-Patagonia and South Georgia Island area.
(8) The data for this study are based on more than 6000 articles that mention Acanthocephala.
(10) The results are discussed with respect to the classification of the Acanthocephala and to their transmission to the intermediate hosts.
(11) The prevalence of Phagicola septentrionalis, the diphyllobothriids and the acanthocephala increased with increasing age of the pinniped host.
(12) Cystacanths of Acanthocephalus clavula Dujardin 1845 (Acanthocephala) were found in the hemocoels of naturally infected Echinogrammarus pungens M. Edwards 1840 (Amphipoda).
(13) In pike-perches 20 species of parasites were stated: Protozoa (1), Monogenea (1), Cestoda (2), Trematoda (8), Nematoda (3), Acanthocephala (2), Hirudinea (1) and Crustacea (2).
(14) Larvae of Telosentis exiguus Von Linstow 1901 (Acanthocephala) were found in 6 out of 2806 G. insensibilis so far examined.
(15) At the bank area fishes are found to be free from Acanthocephala while those Acanthocephala are found in fishes from other areas of the Indian Ocean which may be attributed to the specific diet at the Saya-de-Malya bank.
(16) From an attentive study of the largest number of available publications, we tried to establish the list of fish species harbouring fully mature Acanthocephala, i.e.
(17) It seems, therefore, that the number of the central fibers of the axoneme in the Acanthocephala sperm cell is never absolutely fixed.
(18) This is the first record of members of Cyclopidae as intermediate hosts of Acanthocephala in India.
(19) The prevalence of the diphyllobothriids and the intensity of the infection with acanthocephala were higher in seals found in the eastern part of the Wadden Sea.
(20) The histopathology developing in the sand smelt Atherina boyeri Risso 1810 from Northern Italy as the result of a natural infection by Telosentis exiguus Von Linstow 1901 (Acanthocephala) was studied and described.
Lemniscus
Definition:
(n.) One of two oval bodies hanging from the interior walls of the body in the Acanthocephala.
Example Sentences:
(1) Interpeak latency of I-V in ABR represents the brainstem dysfunction in auditory pathway, and interpeak latency of N13-N19 in SSEP was recognized as central conduction time from medial lemniscus to primary sensory area of cortex.
(2) Component 4 principally reflects the second volley of activity within the eighth nerve terminals, and outflow from the ipsilateral superior olivary complex ascending in that lateral lemniscus, with a possible contribution from activity in the contralateral CNC.
(3) A study was made of the dynamics of the changes occurring in the curve of restoration of the test response amplitude in the thalamo-cortical fibers to the pared stimulation of the medial lemniscus with various actions on the somatosensory ared.
(4) DYN B cell bodies were present in nonpyramidal cells of neo- and allocortices, medium-sized cells of the caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens, lateral part of the central nucleus of the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, preoptic area, and in sectors of nearly every hypothalamic nucleus and area, medial pretectal area, and nucleus of the optic tract, periaqueductal gray, raphe nuclei, cuneiform nucleus, sagulum, retrorubral nucleus, peripeduncular nucleus, lateral terminal nucleus, pedunculopontine nucleus, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, parabigeminal nucleus, dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus, lateral superior olivary nucleus, superior paraolivary nucleus, medial superior olivary nucleus, ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body, lateral dorsal tegmental nucleus, accessory trigeminal nucleus, solitary nucleus, nucleus ambiguus, paratrigeminal nucleus, area postrema, lateral reticular nucleus, and ventrolateral region of the reticular formation.
(5) The torus also received bilateral input from the nucleus ventromedialis thalami, nucleus of lemniscus lateralis, nucleus medialis, anterior octaval nucleus, descending octaval nucleus, and the reticular formation.
(6) Light and electron microscope studies on normal and experimental material in the lateral superior olive (LSO) of cat revealed the presence of three types of neurons: (i) fusiform cells characterized by the large number of terminals articulating with them and projecting to the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus (NLL) and central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (CNIC) (ii) marginal cells embedded in the neuropil of the fibrous capsule and sharing input and output characteristics with the fusiform neurons (iii) multipolar cells with spinous dendrites, local axonal spread and synaptic relation restricted to few afferents only.
(7) The dorsomedial EE region receives inputs primarily from the ipsilateral intermediate nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (INLL) and ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLL), and the contralateral ICc.
(8) The resultant data indicate that the primary generator of potential is the acoustic nerve; of potential 2, the cochlear nucleus; of potential 3, neurons of the superior olivary complex activated by projections crossing the midline; of potential 4, neurons of the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus and preolivary region activated equally by crossed and uncrossed projections; and of potential 5, neurons of the inferior colliculus activated primarily by crossed projections.
(9) Strong immunoreactivity was observed in the ventral and dorsal divisions of the ventral nucleus of lateral lemniscus somata and the ventral division's columnarly organized fiber plexus.
(10) The field potentials and the unit activities were evoked in the VB by the electrical stimulation of the contralateral (cSCx) and ipsilateral somatosensory cortex (SCx), the thalamic radiation (TR), and the medial lemniscus (ML).
(11) Fewer labelled cells occurred in the mesencephalon and rhombencephalon but groups were seen in the region of the central grey, lateral lemniscus, parabrachial and tegmental nuclei, medial longitudinal fasciculus and nucleus of the solitary tract.
(12) In the brain stem the fibers join the medial lemniscus.
(13) Pathways from AVCN diverge to 3 major targets in the lateral lemniscus, the intermediate nucleus and 2 divisions of the ventral nucleus (VNLL).
(14) Examination of brain sections by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry indicated that S100 beta was localized globally to astrocytes, as well as to discrete neurons in the mesencephalic and motor trigeminal, facial, and lemniscus nuclei in both normal and transgenic mice.
(15) Nucleus angularis also projects bilaterally to the superior olive and nucleus ventralis lemnisci lateralis and to the contralateral nucleus lemnisci lateralis pars ventralis and dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus.
(16) This evoked responses remain after unilateral section of the medial lemniscus.
(17) The inputs to the EI region originate primarily from the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) and lateral superior olivary nucleus (LSO) bilaterally and from the ipsilateral INLL.
(18) The axons of the T neurons pass through a region closely ventral to the lateral part of the brachium conjunctivum (BC), continue rostrally in a region between the BC and the lateral lemniscus, arch medially around the rostral part of the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis, cross the midline, continue to the contralateral side by about 1.5 mm lateral from the midline, arch rostrally, run in the central tegmental field on the contralateral side, arch dorsomedially around the caudal pole of the red nucleus, and enter the contralateral oculomotor nucleus (OMN) from the ventrolateral side.
(19) GAD-positive terminals and somata were present in the cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complex, lateral lemniscus, and inferior colliculus in varying concentrations and patterns.
(20) Lesions were made by pressure injection of small quantities of kainic acid through a micropipette lowered into the lateral lemniscus.