(1) Since 1963, 11 cases have been reported in which both the acardiac twin and the "normal" co-twin were studied cytogenetically.
(2) The use of Doppler blood flow analysis to determine direction of blood flow, post-mortem placental and fetal angiography, and umbilical cord blood gas determination provided proof that retrograde arterial perfusion occurs in the acardiac fetus.
(3) The vascular system of the acardiac fetuses was simplified, providing only inflow and outflow pathways through common iliac vessels and vitelline vessels.
(4) Data are presented supporting the concept that the placental vascular anastomoses are the primary agents in the formation of an acardiac.
(5) In the acardiac, acephalic twin malformation the normal co-twin is put at risk because of the extra cardiac work-load.
(6) However, the occurrence of hydramnios, the occurrence of preterm labor, and perinatal outcome were strongly related to the ratio of the acardiac and pump-twin's weight.
(7) The acardiac anomaly is a rare condition found only in monozygotic multiple pregnancies, usually twins.
(8) Depending on their nature, vascular connections may give rise to reverse flow with acardiac status in one twin during early development, or to vascular disruptions from a deceased co-twin with intravascular coagulation causing embolization in the surviving co-twin.
(9) When an acardiac malformation was diagnosed at 19 weeks' gestation the patient was monitored with weekly ultrasonographic examinations.
(10) The presence of an acadiac twin requires the normal (or "pump") twin to provide circulation for itself, as well as the acardiac sibling.
(11) The finding in this fetus of intravascular fibrin deposits suggests the possibility of acute disseminated intravascular coagulation, not previously reported in association with an acardiac twin.
(12) The prenatal diagnosis of an acardiac fetus must be suspected in any multiple gestation in which cardiac activity cannot be documented sonographically in a growing fetus.
(13) Karyotype analysis of a premature human acardiac twin disclosed normal chromosomes.
(14) The principal perinatal problems associated with acardiac twinning are pump-twin congestive heart failure, maternal hydramnios, and preterm delivery.
(15) As a result, no enlargement of the acardiac monster was observed, and the cardiac function of the unaffected fetus improved.
(16) Nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis is associated with various pathological conditions, twin transfusion syndrome including acardiac monsters, fetal heart diseases, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, pulmonary sequestration, pulmonary lymphangiectasia, intrauterine infections such as cytomegalovirus infection and neonatal hepatitis, congenital neuroblastoma, Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, cystic hygroma, and chromosomal aberrations.
(17) The fourth affected twin was a stillborn acardiac fetus with multiple congenital anomalies and unilateral renal agenesis.
(18) The sex ratio of acardiac monsters (which are all members of monochorionic monozygotic twins) seems to be lower than that of monozygotic twins as a whole.
(19) We present a surgical approach to the treatment of this problem involving hysterotomy and selective delivery of the acardiac twin, which we have used in five cases.
(20) Singular involvement of one component of the twin placenta by hydramnios or congenital defects, incidence of vascular communications and the anatomical characteristics of the vessels in conjoined twins, acardiac monsters and triplets, and a chromosomal discordance in a MZ pair, lend additional support to the initial surmise of anatomical characteristics of fetal blood vessels of the placenta being determined by functional demands.
Heart
Definition:
(n.) A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.
(n.) The seat of the affections or sensibilities, collectively or separately, as love, hate, joy, grief, courage, and the like; rarely, the seat of the understanding or will; -- usually in a good sense, when no epithet is expressed; the better or lovelier part of our nature; the spring of all our actions and purposes; the seat of moral life and character; the moral affections and character itself; the individual disposition and character; as, a good, tender, loving, bad, hard, or selfish heart.
(n.) The nearest the middle or center; the part most hidden and within; the inmost or most essential part of any body or system; the source of life and motion in any organization; the chief or vital portion; the center of activity, or of energetic or efficient action; as, the heart of a country, of a tree, etc.
(n.) Courage; courageous purpose; spirit.
(n.) Vigorous and efficient activity; power of fertile production; condition of the soil, whether good or bad.
(n.) That which resembles a heart in shape; especially, a roundish or oval figure or object having an obtuse point at one end, and at the other a corresponding indentation, -- used as a symbol or representative of the heart.
(n.) One of a series of playing cards, distinguished by the figure or figures of a heart; as, hearts are trumps.
(n.) Vital part; secret meaning; real intention.
(n.) A term of affectionate or kindly and familiar address.
(v. t.) To give heart to; to hearten; to encourage; to inspirit.
(v. i.) To form a compact center or heart; as, a hearting cabbage.
Example Sentences:
(1) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(2) A 2.5-month-old child with cyanotic heart disease who required long-term PGE1 infusions; developed widespread periosteal reactions during the course of therapy.
(3) It was found that the skeletal muscle enzyme of the chick embryo is independent of the presence of creatine and consequently is another constitutive enzyme like the creatine kinase of the early embryonic chick heart.
(4) This may have significant consequences for people’s health.” However, Prof Peter Weissberg, medical director of the British Heart Foundation, which funded the work, said medical journals could no longer be relied on to be unbiased.
(5) Spectral analysis of spontaneous heart rate fluctuations, a powerful noninvasive tool for quantifying autonomic nervous system activity, was assessed in Xenopus Laevis, intact or spinalized, at different temperatures and by use of pharmacological tools.
(6) Among the pathological or abnormal ECGs (25.6%) prevailed the vegetative-functional heart diseases with 92%.
(7) Propranolol resulted in a significantly lower mean hourly, mean 24 h and minimum heart rate.
(8) Heart rate (HR), pulmonary ventilation (V), oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured.
(9) Coronary arteritis has to be considered as a possible etiology of ischemic symptoms also in subjects who appear affected by typical atherosclerotic ischemic heart disease.
(10) A full-length cDNA encoding porcine heart aconitase was derived from lambda gt10 recombinant clones and by amplification of the 5' end of the mRNA.
(11) report the complications registered, in particular: lead's displacing 6.2%, run away 0.7%, marked hyperthermya 0.0%, haemorrage 0.4%, wound dehiscence 0.3%, asectic necrosis by decubitus 5%, septic necrosis 0.3%, perforation of the heart 0.2%, pulmonary embolism 0.1%.
(12) Western blot analysis of these mitochondria using an antibody against carnitine palmitoyltransferase II purified from beef heart demonstrates a 68-kDa protein, which under ischemic conditions apparently is decreased by 2 kDa.
(13) The strongest predictor of non-sudden cardiac death was the New York Heart Association functional class.
(14) Road traffic accidents (RTAs) comprised 40% and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) 13% of the total.
(15) At the heart of the payday loan profit bonanza is the "continuous payment authority" (CPA) agreement, which allows lenders to access customer bank accounts to retrieve funds.
(16) The role of O2 free radicals in the reduction of sarcolemmal Na+-K+-ATPase, which occurs during reperfusion of ischemic heart, was examined in isolated guinea pig heart using exogenous scavengers of O2 radicals and an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
(17) Complete heart block was produced in 20 of 20 dogs.
(18) low molecular weight dextran in the course of right heart catheterization.
(19) Myocardial ischaemia was induced in perfused rabbit hearts by ligating the left main coronary artery.
(20) In the stage 24 chick embryo, a paced increase in heart rate reduces stroke volume, presumably by rate-dependent decrease in passive filling.