What's the difference between acceleration and jerk?

Acceleration


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as, a falling body moves toward the earth with an acceleration of velocity; -- opposed to retardation.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) This suggests that Mg2+ accelerated both reactions from a single class of site.
  • (2) By contrast, at 100 microM insulin concentration, both enhancers accelerated insulin proteolysis.
  • (3) Of great influence on the results of measurements are preparation and registration (warm-up-time, amplification, closeness of pressure-system, unhurt catheters), factors relating to equipment and methods (air-bubbles in pressure-system, damping by filters, continuous infusion of the micro-catheter, level of zero-pressure), factors which occur during intravital measurement (pressure-drop along the arteria pulmonalis, influence of normal breathing, great intrapleural pressure changes, pressure damping in the catheter by thrombosis and external disturbances) and last not least positive and negative acceleration forces, which influence the diastolic and systolic pulmonary artery pressure.
  • (4) The light intensity profile for any desired cell can be examined in "real time", even during acceleration of the rotor.
  • (5) However, it markedly accelerated GTP-gamma-S-induced degranulation.
  • (6) Polypeptide factor isolated from vascular wall of the cattle ("vasonin") was shown to affect the immunogenesis and hemostasis, to stimulate kallikrein-kinin system and to accelerate processes of regeneration.
  • (7) After using the OK method to obtain a distance curve for height, we introduce a new method (VADK) to derive velocity and acceleration curves from the fitted distance curve.
  • (8) Mice inoculated with tumor cells in the 10 NTX group had an acceleration (18%) in the latency of tumor appearance and, 2 weeks after cell inoculation, 70% of the mice in this group had tumors, in contrast to 10% of the controls.
  • (9) "I saw my role, and continue to do so, as doing everything I can to accelerate the Lib Dems' journey from a party of protest to a party of government," he said.
  • (10) Compared with results obtained with unimmunized, control rabbits, accelerated lesion development was noted in the rabbits immunized with TpN83.
  • (11) The method described uses film DOT-I and DOT-II by Dupont, whereby the exposure of the step wedge takes place on a linear accelerator with a photo energy of 10 MeV.
  • (12) The authors are also upfront about what has not gone so well: "We were too slow to mobilise … we did not identify clear leadership or adequate resources for the actions … it is vital to accelerate the programme of civil service reform."
  • (13) DNase I microspheres were then introduced into the extracorporeal circuit which resulted in an acceleration of degradation of acid precipitable 125I-nDNA.
  • (14) Between-group responsivity differences suggest developmental retardation in term (38-42 weeks) SGA newborns, but the faster SGA latencies may reflect 'induced' acceleration in auditory neurophysiologic function.
  • (15) Pregnancy per se did not appear to accelerate SLE in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
  • (16) Survival ranged from 2 to 20 M, with a median survival time of 6 M. Tolerance to the subsequent CT, normal tissue reaction to accelerated RT, and the theoretical advantage of accelerated RT over conventional RT for SCCL were evaluated.
  • (17) In late 1983 the Hagahai sought medical aid at a mission station, an event which accelerated their contact with the common epidemic diseases of the highlands.
  • (18) This study investigates the photoneutron field found in medical accelerator rooms with primary barriers constructed of metal slabs plus concrete.
  • (19) Proceptive behavior, according to Beach (1976), maintains and accelerates sexual interactions toward the end goal.
  • (20) There will be a "significantly accelerated reduction" in the structural element of the deficit over the parliament.

Jerk


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To cut into long slices or strips and dry in the sun; as, jerk beef. See Charqui.
  • (v. t.) To beat; to strike.
  • (v. t.) To give a quick and suddenly arrested thrust, push, pull, or twist, to; to yerk; as, to jerk one with the elbow; to jerk a coat off.
  • (v. t.) To throw with a quick and suddenly arrested motion of the hand; as, to jerk a stone.
  • (v. i.) To make a sudden motion; to move with a start, or by starts.
  • (v. i.) To flout with contempt.
  • (n.) A short, sudden pull, thrust, push, twitch, jolt, shake, or similar motion.
  • (n.) A sudden start or spring.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The EMG silent periods (SP) produced in the open-close-clench cycle and jaw-jerk reflex were compared for duration before and after treatment with an occlusal bite splint.
  • (2) While tonic pupil and reduced sweating can be attributed to the affection of postganglionic cholinergic parasympathetic and sympathetic fibres projecting to the iris and sweat glands, respectively, the pathogenesis of diminished or lost tendon jerks remains obscure.
  • (3) In reflex-induced jerks this negative transient could be recognized as a component of the sensory evoked potential.
  • (4) A dynamic optimization technique to minimize jerk cost under the constraint on jerk input was applied to interpret the results, assuming that a major goal of skilled movements was to produce optimally smooth movements.
  • (5) The Peppers like to be jerks (at Dingwalls Swan dedicated a song to “all you whiney Britishers who can suck my American cock”), but don’t let the surface attitude fool you.
  • (6) Results from animal experiments and neuropathological studies suggest that the abolition of jerks in such cases is probably due to loss of facilitating influences from the cerebral cortex and central grey nuclei.
  • (7) Surgery caused or aggravated unilaterally diminished knee or ankle jerks in 3% and 10% of cases, respectively.
  • (8) This is a gladiatorial display – that is what people go to see.” Bray added: “The popular knee-jerk reaction will be we should ban airshows, but it’s very rare for such a crash to take place.
  • (9) High-frequency trading may or may not distort markets, but surely a knee-jerk reaction by banning it is not the answer.
  • (10) In order to overcome various drawbacks of the conventional polygraphic study of a relationship between myoclonus and EEG, the EEG preceding and following the myoclonic jerk was simultaneously averaged by the CNV program.
  • (11) Compared with the myoclonic-serotonergic syndrome evoked by 5-hydroxytryptophan in rats with 5.7-dihydroxytryptamine lesions, harmaline+5-hydroxytryptophan-treated rats displayed more continuous and greater axial myoclonic jerks and some postural differences.
  • (12) The effects of electrical stimulation and microinjection of sodium glutamate (0.5 M) in the sympathetic pressor areas of the dorsal medulla (DM), ventrolateral medulla (VLM), and parvocellular nucleus (PVC) on the knee jerk, crossed extension, and evoked potential of the L5 ventral root produced by intermittent electrical stimulation were studied in 98 adult cats anesthetized with chloralose and urethane.
  • (13) The knee jerk itself is seen as a "physiological artefact," resulting from a mode of stimulation that does not occur in life, with the normal function of its underlying circuitry still under debate.
  • (14) The patients did not significantly differ from controls on catch-up saccade amplitude, square wave jerk rate, or anticipatory saccade rate.
  • (15) It was confirmed that the technique of jerk-locked averaging with a backward averaging program was useful for detecting cortical spikes in association with the spontaneously occurring myoclonus, which are not recognized on the convential polygraph, and for evaluating the temporal and topographical relationship between the spike and the myoclonus.
  • (16) The typical electrophysiological correlates of myoclonus in Alzheimer's disease are similar to those of cortical reflex myoclonus, with a focal, contralateral negativity in the EEG preceding the myoclonic jerk.
  • (17) The analgesic effect of morphine in the rat tail jerk assay was enhanced by the serotonin uptake inhibitor, fluoxetine.
  • (18) In focal epileptic status, the single dose stopped paroxysmal activity and the associated clonic jerks for a few seconds.
  • (19) The occurrence of horizontal jerks with larger amplitudes than on Earth was observed during vertical optokinetic nystagmus in astronauts tested throughout a 7-day spaceflight.
  • (20) Only one patient felt his knee to be unstable (he had a positive pivot jerk).