What's the difference between accretion and accrual?
Accretion
Definition:
(n.) The act of increasing by natural growth; esp. the increase of organic bodies by the internal accession of parts; organic growth.
(n.) The act of increasing, or the matter added, by an accession of parts externally; an extraneous addition; as, an accretion of earth.
(n.) Concretion; coherence of separate particles; as, the accretion of particles so as to form a solid mass.
(n.) A growing together of parts naturally separate, as of the fingers toes.
(n.) The adhering of property to something else, by which the owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to another; generally, gain of land by the washing up of sand or sail from the sea or a river, or by a gradual recession of the water from the usual watermark.
(n.) Gain to an heir or legatee, failure of a coheir to the same succession, or a co-legatee of the same thing, to take his share.
Example Sentences:
(1) Each process has been linked to the regulation of cholesterol accretion in the arterial cell.
(2) From the regression coefficients it was calculated that, for the accretion of 1 g body protein, the dietary amino acid requirements were (mg) threonine 47, valine 53, methionine + cystine 36, methionine 19, isoleucine 43, leucine 78, phenylalanine + tyrosine 84, phenylalanine 41, lysine 68 and tryptophan 12.
(3) This must involve the additional accretion or synthesis of dipicolinic acid.
(4) Protein accretion in the regenerating liver preceded mitosis, but was accompanied by increases in RNA content and fractional rates of protein synthesis (ks).
(5) Aggregated proteoglycans inhibit mineral accretion in vitro.
(6) The magnitude of the changes in growth performance, tissue accretion rates and body composition elicited by pGH were independent of strain.
(7) Consequently, size of the exchangeable Ca pool, accretion rate and balance across bone were higher in these goats.
(8) On the other hand, there was no increase in percent protein accretion (both 15% of weight gain).
(9) The absolute rate of MT accretion was less in macrophages incubated with 25 microM- as compared with 50 microM-Zn2+, owing to decreased and increased rates of MT synthesis and degradation respectively.
(10) Previously, we observed that HSV infection causes a 40-fold increase in cholesteryl ester (CE) accretion in arterial smooth muscle cells due, in part, to a substantial decrease in CE hydrolysis.
(11) During the suckling period there is high hepatic protein accretion and the portal vein glutamine concentration is twice that in the adult, whereas hepatic vein glutamine concentration is similar between adult and suckling rats.
(12) Carcass protein accretion rate increased (P less than .001) up to approximately 150 micrograms of pST.kg BW-1.d-1, whereas lipid deposition decreased (P less than .001) with each incremental dose of pST.
(13) On d -22, 67 and 155, blood was sampled every 20 min for 8 h. Relative to LPN, HPN increased (P less than .01) ADG by 28%, carcass weight by 26% and accretion of carcass fat by 109% and carcass protein by 20%.
(14) However, much of the localization to the tumors was due to nonspecific factors, as evidenced by the considerable tumor accretion of the control antibody.
(15) Mithramycin at the low dosage had little effect on the rate of bone accretion.
(16) The analysis of chromatin, therefore, indicates that unligated repair sites are sites of protein accretion which block exonuclease III action.
(17) Retention of Ca and P in both groups was significantly below estimates of intrauterine accretion.
(18) Fractional accretion rates of total body 3-methylhistidine containing proteins (actin and myosin) were elevated 40% to 120% in rats fed a high-carbohydrate diet containing 10 or 100 ppm cimaterol for 1 week.
(19) The investigators' hypothesis that there would be more accretions on the side not involved in osseous surgery and pocket eradication was not supported in this study.
(20) Our previous studies with a 90Y-labelled antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated to the cyclic anhydride-DTPA (CA-DTPA) indicated that the accretion of 90Y in the bone may limit the application of 90Y-labelled antibodies for therapy.
Accrual
Definition:
(n.) Accrument.
Example Sentences:
(1) The study was terminated prior to accrual of the planned number of patients because of the statistically significant difference in efficacy between treatments found at interim analysis.
(2) Nonparametric estimates for all possible values of accrual duration and total study length required to achieve a specified power and level of significance are given assuming a proportional hazards model comparing two treatment groups.
(3) The tamoxifen or placebo treatment continued to death or to 10 months after accrual into the trial was stopped.
(4) This argues against a strategy of optional stopping of information accrual during the fixation of SL and is in line with a strategy of either fully neglecting or fully encoding SL.
(5) Side effects occurred despite dose reduction; therefore, protocol accrual was prematurely closed.
(6) Phylogenetically, a succession of structural innovations steadily enhanced the flow capacity of the larynx and rendered the mechanism more versatile, most recently with the accrual of phonation (in mammals), pressurized closure (in primates and odontocetes), and vocal formants and efficiency (in man).
(7) It is critical that interim statistical reports be interpreted correctly so as not to affect accrual adversely.
(8) This paper discusses practical aspects of patient accrual and interim analysis in this study.
(9) Postoperative memory, measured with delayed free recall, and postoperative mental performance, measured with the frequency accrual speed test index, were both significantly less impaired in the propofol group.
(10) Methods of determining appropriate combinations for the accrual and follow-up periods are given and the unique cost effective choice of accrual and follow-up periods is presented.
(11) On the other hand, the efficiency of the proportions test can drop to 72% or less for trials in which the accrual period exceeds the mean survival, as is often the case in trials to treat cancer.
(12) Rees – who turns 60 next month when his pension accruals will come to an end – will step down as deputy chief executive at the end of April.
(13) Rigid protocol design was the primary deterrent to accrual, especially for medical oncologists.
(14) The analysis was motivated by concerns over low accrual rates and a lower than expected response rate.
(15) The model has the advantages of predicting the time course of costs, allowing for different accrual and follow-up costs, and being amenable to revision during the conduct of a trial.
(16) Congruity effects arise because the duration of each evidence accrual is increased and the quality of the information is reduced as the distance of the stimulus representations from the instruction-activated reference point increases.
(17) Present annual accrual is approximately 2000 patients per year; 38 protocols are actively accruing patients while follow-up continues on 14 studies that are closed to patient entry.
(18) The $465 fee is an application fee, but a lot of the documents required in the application also lead to an accrual of additional fees – such as school transcripts, records from officials, photos, mailing.
(19) Current cancer care programmes in Sweden are listed, together with some examples of patient accrual in trials within regional and national programmes.
(20) In contrast, the development of the basolateral surface, which requires much less membrane accrual, was unaffected by PEM.