What's the difference between accrual and period?

Accrual


Definition:

  • (n.) Accrument.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The study was terminated prior to accrual of the planned number of patients because of the statistically significant difference in efficacy between treatments found at interim analysis.
  • (2) Nonparametric estimates for all possible values of accrual duration and total study length required to achieve a specified power and level of significance are given assuming a proportional hazards model comparing two treatment groups.
  • (3) The tamoxifen or placebo treatment continued to death or to 10 months after accrual into the trial was stopped.
  • (4) This argues against a strategy of optional stopping of information accrual during the fixation of SL and is in line with a strategy of either fully neglecting or fully encoding SL.
  • (5) Side effects occurred despite dose reduction; therefore, protocol accrual was prematurely closed.
  • (6) Phylogenetically, a succession of structural innovations steadily enhanced the flow capacity of the larynx and rendered the mechanism more versatile, most recently with the accrual of phonation (in mammals), pressurized closure (in primates and odontocetes), and vocal formants and efficiency (in man).
  • (7) It is critical that interim statistical reports be interpreted correctly so as not to affect accrual adversely.
  • (8) This paper discusses practical aspects of patient accrual and interim analysis in this study.
  • (9) Postoperative memory, measured with delayed free recall, and postoperative mental performance, measured with the frequency accrual speed test index, were both significantly less impaired in the propofol group.
  • (10) Methods of determining appropriate combinations for the accrual and follow-up periods are given and the unique cost effective choice of accrual and follow-up periods is presented.
  • (11) On the other hand, the efficiency of the proportions test can drop to 72% or less for trials in which the accrual period exceeds the mean survival, as is often the case in trials to treat cancer.
  • (12) Rees – who turns 60 next month when his pension accruals will come to an end – will step down as deputy chief executive at the end of April.
  • (13) Rigid protocol design was the primary deterrent to accrual, especially for medical oncologists.
  • (14) The analysis was motivated by concerns over low accrual rates and a lower than expected response rate.
  • (15) The model has the advantages of predicting the time course of costs, allowing for different accrual and follow-up costs, and being amenable to revision during the conduct of a trial.
  • (16) Congruity effects arise because the duration of each evidence accrual is increased and the quality of the information is reduced as the distance of the stimulus representations from the instruction-activated reference point increases.
  • (17) Present annual accrual is approximately 2000 patients per year; 38 protocols are actively accruing patients while follow-up continues on 14 studies that are closed to patient entry.
  • (18) The $465 fee is an application fee, but a lot of the documents required in the application also lead to an accrual of additional fees – such as school transcripts, records from officials, photos, mailing.
  • (19) Current cancer care programmes in Sweden are listed, together with some examples of patient accrual in trials within regional and national programmes.
  • (20) In contrast, the development of the basolateral surface, which requires much less membrane accrual, was unaffected by PEM.

Period


Definition:

  • (n.) A portion of time as limited and determined by some recurring phenomenon, as by the completion of a revolution of one of the heavenly bodies; a division of time, as a series of years, months, or days, in which something is completed, and ready to recommence and go on in the same order; as, the period of the sun, or the earth, or a comet.
  • (n.) A stated and recurring interval of time; more generally, an interval of time specified or left indefinite; a certain series of years, months, days, or the like; a time; a cycle; an age; an epoch; as, the period of the Roman republic.
  • (n.) One of the great divisions of geological time; as, the Tertiary period; the Glacial period. See the Chart of Geology.
  • (n.) The termination or completion of a revolution, cycle, series of events, single event, or act; hence, a limit; a bound; an end; a conclusion.
  • (n.) A complete sentence, from one full stop to another; esp., a well-proportioned, harmonious sentence.
  • (n.) The punctuation point [.] that marks the end of a complete sentence, or of an abbreviated word.
  • (n.) One of several similar sets of figures or terms usually marked by points or commas placed at regular intervals, as in numeration, in the extraction of roots, and in circulating decimals.
  • (n.) The time of the exacerbation and remission of a disease, or of the paroxysm and intermission.
  • (n.) A complete musical sentence.
  • (v. t.) To put an end to.
  • (v. i.) To come to a period; to conclude. [Obs.] "You may period upon this, that," etc.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Without medication atypical ventricular tachycardia develops, in the author's opinion, most probably when bradycardia has persisted for a prolonged period.
  • (2) Disease stabilisation was associated with prolonged periods of comparatively high plasma levels of drug, which appeared to be determined primarily by reduced drug clearance.
  • (3) Although the mean values for all hemodynamic variables between the two placebo periods were minimally changed, the differences in individual patients were striking.
  • (4) It was shown in experiments on four dogs by the conditioned method that the period of recovery of conditioned activity after one hour ether anaesthesia tested 7 to 7.5 days.
  • (5) Under blood preservation conditions the difference of the rates of ATP-production and -consumption is the most important factor for a high ATP-level over long periods.
  • (6) No significant change occurred in the bacterial population of our hospital unit during the period of the study (more than 3 years).
  • (7) The secondary leukemia that occurred in these patients could be distinguished from the secondary leukemia that occurs after treatment with alkylating agents by the following: a shorter latency period; a predominance of monocytic or myelomonocytic features; and frequent cytogenetic abnormalities involving 11q23.
  • (8) Sixteen patients in whom schizophrenia was initially diagnosed and who were treated with fluphenazine enanthate or decanoate developed severe depression for a short period after the injection.
  • (9) During the study period four family outbreaks and seven recurrences of infection were observed.
  • (10) After a period on fat-rich diet the patient's physical fitness was increased and the recovery period after the acute load was shorter.
  • (11) During this period he developed autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, a rare complication of myelofibrosis.
  • (12) Pituitary weight, mitotic index and chromosomes were studied in male rats following a single or repeated dose of estradiol-benzoate for a total period of 210 days.
  • (13) Most thyroid hormone actions, however, appear in the perinatal period, and infants with thyroid agenesis appear normal at birth and develop normally with prompt neonatal diagnosis and treatment.
  • (14) Maximal aberration yields were observed for 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene and cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside from 17 to 21 h, eugenol from 15 to 21 h, cadmium sulfate from 15 to 24 h and 2-aminobiphenyl, from 17 to 24 h. For adriamycin at 1 microM, the % aberrant cells remained elevated throughout the period from 9 to 29 h, while small increases at 0.1 microM ADR were found only at 13 and at 25 h. For most chemicals the maximal aberration yield occurred at a different time for each concentration tested.
  • (15) Accuracy of discrimination of letters at various preselected distances was determined each session while Ortho-rater examinations were given periodically throughout training.
  • (16) During electrophysiologic study, the effect of propafenone on the effective refractory period of the accessory pathway was determined, as well as its effect during orthodromic atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardia and atrial fibrillation.
  • (17) Time-series analysis and multiple-regression modeling procedures were used to characterize changes in the overall incidence rate over the study period and to describe the contribution of additional measures to the dynamics of the incidence rates.
  • (18) Throughout the period of rehabilitation, the frequent changes of a patient's condition may require a process of ongoing evaluation and appropriate adjustments in the physical therapy program.
  • (19) Anthropometric and nutritional (serum albumin and transferrin) values were normal in both groups both at the beginning and at the end of the treatment period.
  • (20) Analysis of conjugated discharges ACHs showed that they appeared predominantly periodically (87% of cases).

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