(1) However, in this last group, a significant negative relationship between the quantity of acetaldehyde bound to microsomal proteins and the monooxygenase-catalyzed transformation of butanol by liver microsomes was demonstrated (r = -0.79, P less than 0.01).
(2) All pathways of ethanol metabolism result in the production of acetaldehyde, the toxicity of which has been reviewed (Lieber 1982).
(3) Acetaldehyde (1-20 mM) was metabolized at high rates and in a dose-dependent manner in isolated human and baboon kidney-cortex tubules.
(4) The method was based on a pre-column reaction; a fluorescent substance was formed by a coupling reaction between 2 mol of cyclohexan-1,3-dione and 1 mol of acetaldehyde with ammonium acetate.
(5) Acetaldehyde was found to be transported in the blood mainly bound reversibly to 2 components of the red blood cells (RBC): a) hemoglobin, which provides binding of a high affinity, but low capacity, and b) a non-protein component (presumably cysteine), which has a lower affinity but a higher capacity.
(6) Acetaldehyde does not increase the yield of or accelerate ethanol production by the organism.
(7) A significant inhibition of granulocyte chemotaxis was first noted with 0.063% ethanol and 0.016% acetaldehyde.
(8) All-trans retinal reversed the inhibition caused by acetaldehyde and 2-aminobenzaldehyde.
(9) An increase of adrenaline content in the hypothalamus is determined by acetaldehyde.
(10) The effectiveness of even a low dose of 4-methylpyrazole suggests its clinical usefulness for alleviation of acute acetaldehyde toxicity in alcohol-hypersensitive Japanese individuals as well as in disulfiram-treated alcoholics.
(11) Both alcohol oxidation and acetaldehyde reduction follow a compulsory ordered pathway, with coenzyme binding first.
(12) Our results show that the acetaldehyde-induced inhibition of glycoprotein synthesis is irreversible under these short term experimental conditions and is not dependent on the physical presence of acetaldehyde in the incubation medium.
(13) Acetaldehyde and acetone were also detected in the irradiated squalene, which may be formed via a 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one intermediate.
(14) No inhibition occurred at 4 degrees C or when acetaldehyde was incubated with dilute hemolysates.
(15) Rat liver membrane vesicles were exposed to acetaldehyde, with or without reduction of the resultant adducts formed.
(16) This work supports the hypothesis that acetaldehyde-modified cells can generate a cellular immune response and may do so in pathologic states.
(17) This study contrasts the binding ability of a major acetaldehyde albumin fraction synthesized in vitro with glycosylated albumin.
(18) Six pairs (1 habitual smoker and 1 nonsmoking control) of volunteers were studied to determine the effect of smoking tobacco on breath and whole blood acetaldehyde levels.
(19) one hour before ethanol), caused increases of up to 23-fold in the hepatic acetaldehyde level, without influencing the cytosolic NAD+:NADH ratio in ethanol dosed rats, while significantly reducing the ethanol elimination rate by up to 44%, compared with controls.
(20) Thus, acetaldehyde by itself cannot account for ethanol-induced EEG synchronization.
Bromal
Definition:
(n.) An oily, colorless fluid, CBr3.COH, related to bromoform, as chloral is to chloroform, and obtained by the action of bromine on alcohol.