What's the difference between acetyl and cetyl?

Acetyl


Definition:

  • (n.) A complex, hypothetical radical, composed of two parts of carbon to three of hydrogen and one of oxygen. Its hydroxide is acetic acid.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Trifluoroacetylated rabbit serum albumin was 5 times more reactive with these antibodies and thus more antigenic than the homologous acetylated moiety confirming the importance of the trifluoromethyl moiety as an epitope in the immunogen in vivo.
  • (2) Displacement of the enol triflate with various sulfinates in acetonitrile or DMF and deprotection of the intermediates led to 7 beta-[(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino]- 3-[alkyl(aryl)sulfonyl]-1-carba-1-dethia-3-cephem-4-carboxyl ic acids.
  • (3) Beta-galactosidase, beta-n-acetyl-hexosaminidase, and alpha-fucosidase were sensitive indicators and were significantly elevated above control values by day 3 at both doses (P < 0.01).
  • (4) Replacement of vinyl groups with bulkier substituents (hydroxyethyl or acetyl groups) decreases holoenzyme stability and catalytic activity.
  • (5) N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (GAD) activities did not change significantly duringlate fetal, neonatal or young adult stages but increased significantly with advancing age.
  • (6) Of the N-acetyl cysteamine derivatives tested, S-acetyl-N-acetyl cysteamine (at 10 mM) gives almost complete protection against inactivation whereas S-acetoacetyl-, S-beta-hydroxybutyryl-, and S-crotonyl-N-acetyl cysteamine thioesters exhibit either slight or no protection.
  • (7) A complex of vitamins exerting a protective action on the system of coenzymic acetylation in the body have been tried.
  • (8) An N-acetylation polymorphism is described that is expressed toward arylamine carcinogens in tumor target organs of an inbred rat model.
  • (9) These results would suggest that N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal proteolytic cleavage are important post-translational modifications of the forms of Amia beta-endorphin.
  • (10) Deuterium-labeled aspirin (2-acetoxy[3,4,5,6-2H4]benzoic acid) was synthesized from salicylic acid by catalytic exchange and subsequent acetylation.
  • (11) The other acidic glycolipid, glycolipid Y contains a phosphoethanolamine residue linked through the 6-hydroxy group of the N-acetyl-glucosamine unit of glycolipid X.
  • (12) In addition, although aspirin does transfer the acetyl group to hemoglobin both in vitro and in vivo, in our experiments the reaction does not result in any alteration in the oxygen equilibrium of either intact erythrocytes or hemoglobin in solution.
  • (13) Most of the somatogenic binding activity was recovered by hydroxylamine treatment, which removes O-acetyl groups from tyrosine residues but not N-acetyl groups from lysine residues.
  • (14) Allyl 4-O-benzyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside was converted into allyl 4-O-benzyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside and this was condensed with 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl chloride to give a disaccharide derivative which was converted into allyl 4-O-benzyl-2-O-(2,3-O-isopropylidene-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-3-O-methyl -alpha- L-rhamnopyranoside.
  • (15) In the cortex, LD1, O-acetyl-LD1, and O-acetyl GD3, like GD3, are developmentally regulated antigens and are only expressed in the fetal cortex and not to any significant extent in the adult.
  • (16) In every case the enzyme reacted more strongly with propionyl and acetyl thiocholine than with butyryl salt.
  • (17) The disposition of sulphadimidine (15 mg kg-1 orally) was investigated in six chronic osteoarthritis patients (four slow and two fast acetylators) prior to and 4 days following intra-articular administration of glucocorticoids.
  • (18) On subfractionation of this crude mitochondrial fraction with continuous sucrose density gradients, most of the activity of the three enzymes was found at a higher density than NAD+-isocitrate dehydrogenase and at about the same density as glutamate dehydrogenase, confirming earlier reported data for acetyl-CoA synthase.
  • (19) Both genes were found to be highly enriched in the acetylated nucleosomes fractionated from both 5 day and from 15 day erythrocytes.
  • (20) Depolarizations induced by acetyl-Arg6-septide, a NK1-receptor selective agonist, were also antagonized by spantide with a pA2 of 6.5.

Cetyl


Definition:

  • (n.) A radical, C16H33, not yet isolated, but supposed to exist in a series of compounds homologous with the ethyl compounds, and derived from spermaceti.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The method utilizes the different binding of the anionic macromolecules to the cationic compound cetyl pyridinium chloride.
  • (2) Following digestion with papain and Pronase, the glycosaminoglycans were precipitated with cetyl pyridinium chloride and ethanol.
  • (3) The purpose of this paper is to present the use of a new scolicide agent CETRIMIDE (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide), first experimentally then in 7 patients with hydatid disease in different location.
  • (4) Using sections of day-10 rat embryos containing developing head and heart (both known to be rich in glycosaminoglycans) the effects of ten fixatives have been investigated with and without cetyl pyridinium chloride on the preservation of Alcian Blue-stainable material (at pH 2.5) and tissue structure.
  • (5) In all the patients with MPS hyperexcretion of GAG's was found, except of some cases of MPS IV, as well as the spectrum of non-dialyzed and cetyl pyridinium chloride precipitated GAG's was altered, where the latter fraction was increased and high molecular GAG's were also prevailed as compared with normal state.
  • (6) The best solvents were then used in the study of different semisolid vehicles for topical use (cetylic excipient, Beeler's base and Carbopol gel), which show different physicochemical characteristics.
  • (7) The best medium developed for the sensitive agar-diffusion assay of QAGs was nutrient agar-Tris (0.05 M, pH 8) provided that distilled water and polysorbate 20 (0.5%) were used as diluents for the mixed alkyl and the pure cetyl QAGs, respectively.
  • (8) Sonicated liposomes composed of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and a quaternary ammonium detergent (dodecyl-, tetradecyl-, or cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide) mediates functional transfer of pSV2 CAT plasmid DNA to mouse L929 fibroblasts.
  • (9) The reaction between Fremy's salt and alpha-tocopherol (VE), ascorbic acid (VC) and its lipophilic derivatives ascorbyl-6-caprylate (VC-8), 6-laurate (VC-12) and 6-palmitate (VC-16) were studied by stopped-flow ESR spectroscopy in cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles, as a model reaction of these antioxidants with alkyl peroxy radicals in biological systems.
  • (10) The characteristics of formation of DNA IPC with synthetic polycations [poly(N-ethyl-4-vinylpyridinium)bromide (PVP) and PVP modified with 3% of N-cetyl-4-vinylpyridinium units (PVP-C)] were studied using ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis methods.
  • (11) When the unbranched hydrocarbon chain of the quaternary amines was extended in steps from C1 (methyl) to C16 (cetyl), the inhibitory effect increased sharply with length from C7 (heptyl) to C16.
  • (12) From the titration curves, two threshold points representing onset and complete solubilization of liposomal membranes were determined as a probe for the effect of the length of ethylene oxide (EO) moiety on the phase behavior of ternary system of POE(n) cetyl ethers-EPC-excess water.
  • (13) Thiamine homologues and analogues so far tested, except for cetyl thiamine, were all inactive as substrates.
  • (14) The internal standard hexadecyl hexadecanoate (cetyl palmitate) was substituted for the dotriacontane used in the AOAC method, and some other minor changes were made.
  • (15) The cationic surfactant, cetyl (hexadecyl) trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), completely inactivates porcine heart cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (L-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.37) at concentrations (of surfactant) which do not affect the activity of the mitochondrial isoenzyme.
  • (16) The mean maximum adsorption findings for these antiseptics demonstrated significantly greater uptake of cetyl pyridinium chloride than the other antiseptics and significantly less uptake of alexidine compared with the other antiseptics.
  • (17) The condensation of DNA by ethanol and cetyl-trimethylammonium-bromide proceeds in the form of a partial crystallization of the DNA.
  • (18) A variety of other detergents (e.g., Cetavlon, sodium taurocholate, cetyl pyrdinium chloride) have no lipid-releasing properties even in the presence of LYZ.
  • (19) The subunit vaccine essentially contained only the proteins of the viral envelope, haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, which had been selectively solubilized by treatment with cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.
  • (20) In this text, the use of an athrombogenic coating with cetyl-pyridinium chloride (CPC) as a regional heparin carrier was studied in dogs, comparing groups with PPG tubing and total systemic heparinization or plain polyvinyl tubing without systemic heparinization.

Words possibly related to "acetyl"

Words possibly related to "cetyl"