(n.) One of the small grains or drupelets which make up some kinds of fruit, as the blackberry, raspberry, etc.
(n.) A grapestone.
(n.) One of the granular masses which constitute a racemose or compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of the saccular recesses in the lobules of a racemose gland.
Example Sentences:
(1) In castrates, the prostatic stroma became thickened, with a large increase in fibrous material between and surrounding each acinus, although smooth muscle cells retained their normal cytology.
(2) In 60 consecutive patients clinically suspected of having chronic pancreatitis the serum concentration of the immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM), the IgG- and IgA-type non-organ-specific autoantibodies against nuclear material (ANA), smooth and striated muscle, mitochondria, basal membrane, and reticulin, and the IgG- and IgA-type pancreas-specific antibodies against islet cells, acinus cells, and ductal cells (DA) were estimated blindly.
(3) The summation of findings suggests that endogenous substance P plays a complementary role in the regulation of parasympathetic nerve-induced fluid secretion in the acinus but is minimally involved in degranulation from granular duct cells.
(4) Only a single salivary acinus was found infected in 16.6% of the infected ticks, about 70% had up to 10 infected acini while only about 10% had over 25 infected acini per tick.
(5) These results suggest that functional catalytic activity of cytochrome P-450IIE1 is preferentially localized in the pericentral zone of the liver acinus, and that most of the induction by pyrazole of P-450IIE1 appears to occur within the pericentral zone.
(6) In adult liver there was a heterogeneous distribution of cytochrome P450IA immunoreactivity with cytochrome P450IA mainly present in zone 3 hepatocytes of the liver acinus.
(7) Microdissection studies showed that PKL lost its normal perivenous to periportal gradient after partial hepatectomy and became evenly distributed within the liver acinus.
(8) The development of a new method to isolate hepatocytes originating from the proximal or distal half of the liver acinus enabled the measurement of total cytochrome P-450 content and of cytochromes P-450b and P-450e mRNAs in these hepatocytes.
(9) These results indicated that there is modulation of the expression of the cytochromes P-450b and P-450e genes within the hepatic acinus.
(10) The alveoli in each acinus were reduced in size and, in some cases, number--although their stage of differentiation was normal for age--pointing to a disturbance of growth during later fetal life also.
(11) Monoclonal antibodies against PR and ER were mainly located in the epithelium of the excretory duct and granular convoluted tubule, but not in the acinus.
(12) Clofibrate induced the activities of carnitine acetyltransferase (90-fold), carnitine palmitoyltransferase (3-fold) and NADP-linked malic enzyme (3-fold) to the same level in periportal as in perivenous hepatocytes, suggesting that these enzymes were induced uniformly throughout the liver acinus.
(13) We have optimized a cerium-diaminobenzidine-based method for histochemical analysis of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity and have determined quantitative data on the zonal distribution pattern in the liver acinus of fasted male rats.
(14) Hepatocytes in the perivenous zone immediately adjacent to the hepatic venules in the liver acinus are positive for GS.
(15) The preacinar cells were occasionally observed at the site between acinus and intercalated duct.
(16) Thus, in the intact pancreas, acinar cells intercommunicate extensively within each acinus under resting conditions and reduce their coupling during stimulation.
(17) cells, but the microsomal GST and cytosolic GR were found to be evenly distributed in the acinus.
(18) Numerous micromorphological differences and resemblances between rabbit and cat were found: Acinus 1.
(19) In the mammalian liver the distribution of ammonia-detoxifying enzymes, glutamine synthetase (GS) and carbamoylphosphate synthase I (ammonia) (CPS-I), is mutually exclusive in that these enzymes are expressed in two distinct populations of hepatocytes that are zonally demarcated in the liver acinus.
(20) During their voyage, they traverse the three acinus zones, and since in each they produce different enzymes, each zone represents a differentiation state of the advancing cell.
Alveolus
Definition:
(n.) A cell in a honeycomb.
(n.) A small cavity in a coral, shell, or fossil
(n.) A small depression, sac, or vesicle, as the socket of a tooth, the air cells of the lungs, the ultimate saccules of glands, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) Thus, the interaction of stimulated alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells alters the eicosanoid profile produced by each cell type alone in a manner that would tend to accentuate inflammatory processes within the alveolus.
(2) Unilateral clefts of lip, alveolus, and palate with a partial cleft lip reveal worse malformations than complete unilateral clefts.
(3) These findings collectively indicated that the three antigens all have a physiological significance as stage-specific developmental antigens of the human lung; those antigens were specifically present in the bud cells at each important step of the morphogenesis of the human lung, such as cells in the lung buds, bronchial buds, and terminal buds for the formation of the alveolus, and cells differentiating into bronchial gland cells.
(4) Considering the functional anatomy of the lung parenchyma the pathomorphological response pattern of the alveolus has been described.
(5) A case of extranodal Hodgkin's disease that was limited to the maxillary alveolus has been presented.
(6) Only children who had both supernumerary teeth and congenitally missing teeth outside the area of the cleft alveolus were included.
(7) These data provide compelling evidence that the physical state of phosphatidylcholine can regulate surfactant secretion from alveolar type II cells and suggest a unique mechanism for regulating exocytosis in the alveolus of the lung.
(8) Since the arithmetic mean thickness of the tissue layers and of the air-blood barrier are the same in the two altitudinal groups, the average alveolus must have a smaller volume in the high-altitude mice.
(9) Our findings suggest that a membrane signal on AM is capable of inhibiting receptor-mediated signal transduction in lymphocytes and that this is likely a major mechanism by which immune responses are downregulated in the alveolus.
(10) This represents a major range extension of Miocene Hominoidea in Africa to latitude 20 degrees S. The holotype, a right mandibular corpus preserving the crowns of the P4-M3, partial crown and root of the P3, partial root of the canine, alveoli for all four incisors, and partial alveolus for the left canine, was found during paleontological explorations of karst-fill breccias in the Otavi region of northern Namibia.
(11) Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of the 125I-SP-A present in the lavage samples or associated with lung tissue was used to show that a small proportion of the 125I-SP-A was partially degraded in the lung tissue and alveolus.
(12) This paper outlines the contribution of three-dimensional CT to preoperative treatment planning for bone grafting of a maxillary cleft alveolus.
(13) The surfactant did not change endogenous lung phosphatidylcholine synthesis or its secretion to the alveolus.
(14) Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is widely used in the treatment of severe pulmonary oedema, although its effects on the clearance of water and small solutes from alveolus to blood are not well characterized.
(15) The method involves the delivery of fresh gas to the respiratory tree during expiration, thereby flushing out the anatomic deadspace and ensuring that the gas initially delivered to the alveolus with the succeeding inspiration is able to participate in gas exchange.
(16) This rare malignancy occurred in the maxillary alveolus, appearing as an epulis.
(17) Surgical repair of the lip is done within the first 2 months of life, by the time the nose, alveolus and projecting prolabium are adequately reformed.
(18) These data are consistent with exogenous cholesterol being rapidly esterified in the alveolus, and the ester then being cleared by the macrophages.
(19) Because macrophages and epithelial cells are in close physical contact within the alveolus, we measured the eicosanoids produced by combined cultures of these cells.
(20) The aim of this study was to compare permanent tooth length development in children with complete unilateral clefts of the lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP) with that of tooth length development in a normal reference population.