(n.) The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; -- applied to any plant of the genus Aconitum (tribe Hellebore), all the species of which are poisonous.
(n.) An extract or tincture obtained from Aconitum napellus, used as a poison and medicinally.
Example Sentences:
(1) The role of aconitate hydratase as a factor controlling the rate of citrate metabolism in kidney in metabolic alkalosis is discussed.
(2) Other acids such as malonic, shikimic, and t-aconitic acids occurred sporadically.
(3) In cell-free extracts of mycelium forming oxalate and CO2 from added citrate the following enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were identified: citrate synthase CE 4.1.3.7), aconitate hydratase (EC4.2.1.3), NAD and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41, 1.1.1.42), (alpha-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.2), succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1), fumarate hydratase (EC 4.2.1.2), and malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37).
(4) A minimum of 10 genetic loci collectively encodes isozymes of aconitate hydratase (ACO; EC 4.2.1.3.
(5) Oxalacetate produces a mixed type of inhibition in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial aconitate hydratases with different inhibition constants (Ki = 0.3 mM and 1.0 mM, respectively).
(6) Dox was attached to the MAb (1) by an oxidized dextran T40 intermediate, (2) using dilute glutaraldehyde cross-linking, (3) with an acid-sensitive linker using cis-aconitic anhydride and EDCI, a water-soluble carbodiimide, and (4) using EDCI alone.
(7) Since aconitate hydratase is not a key enzyme, these unexpected data are of interest in the study of cancer biochemistry.
(8) Multiple pitfalls could occur during the processing of these herbs that might have predisposed to aconite poisoning.
(9) By using aconitate hydratase solubilized from mitochondria it was found that with citrate as substrate the inhibition by fluorocitrate was partially competitive (K(i)=3.4x10(-8)m), whereas with cis-aconitate as substrate the inhibition was partially non-competitive (K(i)=3.0x10(-8)m).
(10) Acetic acid produced from glucose during exponential growth was further catabolized in the early sporulation phase of growth, at which time the specific activity of aconitate hydratase increased markedly.
(11) Lactate dehydrogenase isozyme 5 from rabbit skeletal muscle is activated by citrate, cis-aconitate, isocitrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, malate, aspartate, and glutamate.
(12) An ordinary isotope partition experiment was performed to determine the rate of dissociation of the proton from the donor site for the hydration of cis-aconitate.
(13) Studies of substrate specificities indicated that cis-aconitic acid is the best substrate but citric acid can also serve as a substrate.
(14) The increase in procyclin RNA levels requires the temperature shift from 37 degrees C to 27 degrees C and is aided by addition of the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate cis-aconitate.
(15) A lectin was isolated from root tubers of winter aconite (Eranthis hyemalis) by affinity chromatography on fetuin-agarose, and it was partially characterized with respect to its biochemical, physicochemical and carbohydrate-binding properties.
(16) The effects of synthetic fluorocitrate were studied on: (a) the oxidation of citrate and cis-aconitate by rat liver mitochondria; (b) the activity of the aconitate hydratase found in the liver cell sap; (c) the activity of the aconitate hydratase solubilized from liver mitochondria.
(17) Formation of alpha-methyl-cis-aconitate from synthetic methylcitrate could not be detected spectrophotometrically with the liver aconitase; if it occurs with either the liver or the heart enzyme, the rate would be less than 0.1% that obtained with DL-threo-alpha-methylisocitrate.
(18) Although the oxidation of citrate and cis-aconitate, but not that of isocitrate, was inhibited by fluorocitrate, the exchange of internal citrate for external citrate or l-malate was not.
(19) The results show a similar distribution of aconitate hydratase in both extracts, with specific activities much lower than those found in pig and mouse tissues.
(20) When normalized to body weight (obese mice being 40% heavier) and to creatinine excretion (30% greater in obese mice), however, only the daily excretion of malate, 2-hydroxyglutarate, aconitate, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate, oxalate, ethylmalonate, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate were significantly greater in obese mice.
Aconitum
Definition:
(n.) The poisonous herb aconite; also, an extract from it.
Example Sentences:
(1) In this paper, the authors report the therapeutic effects of Ginseng-Aconitum-Bupleurum (GAB) injection on septic shock complicated with DIC induced by intravenous injection of live E. Coli in dogs.
(2) Certain peoples of the south-west and south, besides using Aconitum, have also obtained an essential ingredient from the juice (latex) of Antiaris toxicaria Lesch.
(3) The most important one used by the Ainu was based on Aconitum species (surku or suruku): on Hokkaido, to some extent A. japonicum Thumb.
(4) Lappaconitine (LA), isolated from Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai, was characterized as analgesic principle by our laboratory.
(5) Influex, a combination product, containing extracts of Echinacea, Aconitum, Apis and Lachesis stimulated adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis, but inhibited chemiluminescence.
(6) Three diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from Aconitum sinomontanum var.
(7) Direct potentiometry for the determination of aconitine in Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb., Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.
(8) Six compounds were isolated from the aqueous extract of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx (cultivated in Jiang-you region of Sichuan province).
(9) A novel bisditerpenoid alkaloid named pukeensine was isolated from Aconitum pukeense W. T. Wang (Ranunculaceae).
(10) Guan-fu base A, a new antiarrhythmic alkaloid with a structure of C20-diterpenoid, was first isolated from the tuber of Aconitum coreanum (Levl.)
(11) The rootstocks of Aconitum plants, which contain aconite alkaloids, have been common components of Chinese herbal recipes.
(12) The rootstocks of aconitum plants have been commonly employed in traditional Chinese herbal recipes for "cardiotonic" actions and for relieving "rheumatism."
(13) Aconitines are the total alkaloids isolated from the main root of Aconitum carmichaeli.
(14) The chemistry and pharmacology of the active principles found in certain of the plants incorporated into the poisons are dealt with briefly (but this does not include Aconitum, which will be treated in some detail in Part II).
(15) We have made an investigation on the botanical origins of 6 species and 2 varieties of the traditional Chinese drug Caowu produced in Sichuan, and found out that the main species available on the market are Aconitum hemsleyanum and A. hemsleyanum var.
(16) This paper deals with 2 species of medicinal roots of Aconitum legendrei and A. geniculatum which are used in Sichuan as Caowu.
(17) Guan-fu base A is a new alkaloid first isolated from the tuber of Aconitum coreanum in China.
(18) Mostly, the principal ingredient has been an extract derived from the tubers of Aconitum species, especially A. carmichaelii Debx.
(19) Guan-fu base A (GFA) is a new alkaloid isolated from the tuber of Aconitum coreanum in our institute.
(20) It is thus suggested that Aconitum carmichaeli is useful clinically as a spleen-stomach warming and analgesic agent in traditional Chinese medicine.