What's the difference between adduction and duction?
Adduction
Definition:
(n.) The act of adducing or bringing forward.
(n.) The action by which the parts of the body are drawn towards its axis]; -- opposed to abduction.
Example Sentences:
(1) Chromatographic maps of DNA adducts demonstrated unique patterns of DNA adducts for each of the regions.
(2) Substances with a leaving group at the C-3 position form unsaturated conjugated cyclic adducts and are mutagenic only in the His D3052 frameshift strains with an intact excision repair system (no urvA mutation).
(3) elution patterns of the adducts formed by DBF metabolites with DNA and obtained in vivo at the optimal exposure time of 42-48 h were qualitatively very similar to the patterns obtained in vitro, but their amplitude was quantitatively reduced.
(4) The spectrum of one of these species ressembles that of a N(5)-C(4a) dihydroflavin adduct.
(5) The bacterial strains did not liberate free patulin from the adduct mixture present in the growth medium.
(6) It is possible that serum transport is an important source of carcinogenic metabolite and results in DNA adduct formation in tissues.
(7) tert-Butyl hydroaminoxyl is detected as a degradation product of the hydroxyl adduct from all spin traps.
(8) No significant quantitative differences in AFB1-DNA adduct formation between the dietary groups were observed following the first exposure to [3H]AFB1; however, total aflatoxin-DNA adduct levels in the choline-deficient animals were significantly increased during the multiple dose schedule.
(9) Aromatic adducts present in the digest that were resistant to nuclease P1 were thus 32P-labelled while unmodified nucleotides were not.
(10) The alkenylbenzenes, safrole and methyleugenol, also formed DNA adducts detectable by this method.
(11) For dipeptides containing the amino terminal residues glycine, alanine and phenylalanine, abstraction of the hydrogen from the carbon adjacent to the peptide nitrogen was the major process leading to the spin-adducts.
(12) This review is primarily focussed on the application of immunoassays and 32P-postlabeling for human DNA adduct monitoring.
(13) The adduct levels in the local controls were substantially higher than those in the countryside controls.
(14) The sites for replication stoppage as well as the lack of a Mn2+ effect on adducted templates have implications for the mechanisms of mutagenesis by activated AFB1.
(15) The K-region oxides bound directly to DNA to give adducts similar to the minor products detected in the microsomal incubations.
(16) Duane's retraction syndrome is a congenital eye movement disorder characterized by a deficiency of abduction, mild limitation of adduction, with retraction and narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction.
(17) Therefore, 2-AF:DNA adducts can be used as a differential end point with which to assess the relative roles of N-hydroxylation and peroxidation in the metabolic activation of 2-AF in cell culture and in target tissues in vivo.
(18) In the case of adducts with the diol-epoxides of benzo[c]phenanthrene, the energetically most favored structures are isomers with significant biological activity.
(19) Also, sodium borohydride reduction of the cDNA and PEI-HRP adduct crosslinked by the glutardialdehyde resulted in the stabilization of the probes.
(20) To determine whether the same bioactivation process occurs in whole animals, 3MI was administered to goats, mice, and rats, and the urinary metabolites from these three species were analyzed by HPLC for the presence of the mercapturate that would be expected as the processed and excreted form of the 3MI-glutathione adduct.
Duction
Definition:
(n.) Guidance.
Example Sentences:
(1) This includes the clinical presence of diplopia, evidence of muscle entrapment with forced duction testing, and CT scan showing orbital wall fracture with explosion of the orbital contents into the paranasal sinuses.
(2) Semiconductor strain gauges mounted on the shanks of a custom machined eye forceps and an ultrasonic method of making continuous duction measurements of the eye have proved feasible.
(3) FD of observers with steep forced-duction curves increased with both the coarseness and eccentricity of fusion locks.
(4) Different types of restrictions have been described and the technique of forced duction testing reviewed.
(5) Four patients with no medial rectus contracture on forced duction testing were treated six months or longer after the onset of the palsy and none recovered full function.
(6) Vertical ductions were normal in each case and the maximal HD ranged from 8 to 16 prism diopters (PD) in 10 of 16 patients (62.5%) and from 4 to 7 PD in 6 of 16 patients (37.5%).
(7) Forced ductions are positive and surgical exploration confirms anomalous muscle structure.
(8) Operative decisions are taken after clinical and radiological study, being based above all on evaluation of the forced duction tests and upon frontal tomographies.
(9) Postoperatively, the conjunctiva had a satisfactory cosmetic appearance and ductions were normal.
(10) Proptosis and ductional restriction subsequently developed.
(11) Versions, forced ductions, saccadic velocities, and diplopic field examinations were done.
(12) Diagnostic confirmation is obtained by forced duction testing and computed tomography.
(13) The stoppage of movement observed in young individuals in the MP articulation of the forefinger occurs under the effect of trauma, - under normal articular conditions, - on strongly flexed finger, under the effect of powerful ulnar duction.
(14) A mutation, pnt-1, causing loss of pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase activity in Escherichia coli, was mapped by assaying for the enzyme in extracts of recombinant strains produced by conjugation, F-duction, and P1 transduction.
(15) Despite limitation of ductions in MG, the group means of velocities of 10 deg saccades recorded with IR were similar in MG and normal subjects.
(16) A previously paralysed lateral rectus muscle, which has completely recovered function but has left the patient with a concomitant esotropia with full ductions and normal versions, responds excessively to resection.
(17) This disorder is exhibited in infancy as unilateral blepharoptosis, strabismus, limited ductions, globe displacement (enophthalmos and blepharoptosis), and decreased vision, usually due to amblyopia.
(18) We recommend that the slope of the extreme limits of the forced duction curve be used clinically to discriminate between normal and abnormal disparity vergence dynamics.
(19) The forced duction test has been valuable in determining the extent of mechanical restrictions and, in some instances, indirectly provides information about muscle strength.
(20) Particular reference was placed on the active force generation test and the passive forced duction test.