What's the difference between adiabatic and isentropic?
Adiabatic
Definition:
(a.) Not giving out or receiving heat.
Example Sentences:
(1) The myocardium was assumed to be composed of a nonlinear viscoelastic, inhomogeneous, anisotropic (transversely isotropic) and incompressible material operating under adiabatic and isothermal conditions.
(2) The method involves a procedure in which the static pressure of the sample is altered in a short period of time, to approximate an adiabatic process, during which the ultrasonic velocity is measured.
(3) The technique is simple; one uses the echo generated by any pair of identical selective adiabatic inversion pulses.
(4) The following hydration parameters for the atomic groups of the nucleosides, reflecting the state of water in the hydration shells of these groups, have been analyzed: (1) the contribution of ribose to the values of the concentration increment of ultrasound velocity A, the apparent molar volumes phi v and apparent molar adiabatic compressibilities phi ks of nucleosides; (2) contributions of the CH3, NH2 and O = ... -H groups of nucleic bases to the A, phi v and phi ks values of nucleosides and free nucleic bases; (3) contributions of the 2'-OH group of ribose to the values of A, phi v and phi ks nucleosides; (4) changes in the A values of nucleosides and free nucleic bases upon their protonation and deprotonation.
(5) We also have designed a two-dimensional adiabatic pulse that inverts selectively in frequency and in one spatial dimension.
(6) As compared to an air-filled plethysmograph, its advantages were greater sensitivity, less thermal drift, and no change from adiabatic to isothermal conditions after a stepwise change of pressure.
(7) Thermal denaturation of natural DNA in the absence and presence of antitumor anthracycline antibiotics has been studied by adiabatic differential scanning calorimetry.
(8) The rat carcasses were subsequently analysed for TBN by Kjeldahl digestion, for total body water (TBW) by loss of weight after freeze-drying and for body fat by adiabatic bomb calorimetry after subtraction of protein energy.
(9) The adiabatic compressibility of oxidized thioredoxin was also much larger (9.8-18 x 10(-12) cm2 dyne-1) than that of the reduced protein (3.8-7.3 x 10(-12)).
(10) Adiabatic pulses were employed to provide homogeneous B1 excitation and frequency selective refocusing over the volume of the rat brain.
(11) NMR data were acquired in a transmural fashion by restricting the signal to a column perpendicular to the heart wall using B0 gradients and obtaining spectroscopic spatial resolution along the third dimension using the B1 gradient and adiabatic excitation.
(12) When these systems mutually form a feedback loop under the adiabatic condition, the rate equation of self-organization is described by a generalized Gibbs' free energy change delta U (delta x) followed by the reaction.
(13) Using the technique of separable k-space excitation, we have designed a two-dimensional selective adiabatic pulse that inverts magnetization from a square region in the xy plane with insensitivity to RF variations.
(14) The construction of an adiabatic flow calorimeter using water as the working substance is described.
(15) After adiabatic relaxation with rigid geometry, the map with ECEPP, and the map with AMBER using a distance-dependent dielectric constant, agreed fairly well apart from differences in the relative energies of the alpha R, alpha L, and C7ax regions.
(16) Thermodynamic studies on highly purified viroid preparations were carried out with the help of a very sensitive adiabatic microcalorimeter.
(17) Ensembles of trajectories were calculated for each of the five local minimum energy conformations identified in the adiabatic conformational energy mapping of this molecule.
(18) Thermal denaturation of chromatin has been investigated in the presence of Ca2+ ions by adiabatic scanning microcalorimetryc and thermomechanical methods.
(19) The flexibility of the oligomers and of their complexes is calculated by adiabatic mapping with respect to the total winding angle.
(20) All experiments were executed with adiabatic pulses which induced uniform spin excitation despite the inhomogeneous radiofrequency field distribution produced by the surface coil transmitter.