(n.) A substance added to an immunogenic agent to enhance the production of antibodies.
(n.) A substance added to a formulation of a drug which enhances the effect of the active ingredient.
(a.) Helping; helpful; assisting.
(n.) An assistant.
(n.) An ingredient, in a prescription, which aids or modifies the action of the principal ingredient.
Example Sentences:
(1) PMNs could be primed for PMA-triggered oxidative burst by muramyl peptide molecules (MDP) and two of its adjuvant active nonpyrogenic derivatives.
(2) Psychiatric morbidity is further increased when adjuvant chemotherapy is used and when treatment results in persistent arm pain and swelling.
(3) A young man being treated with primary adjuvant Adriamycin and DDP for osteogenic sarcoma is described who developed a gingival line which temporally was related to DDP administration.
(4) Adjuvant radiation therapy can often improve the results obtained with surgical excision alone.
(5) This result is equivalent to the best adjuvant chemotherapy results reported to date.
(6) This experimental study shows that vitamin A in high doses has an adjuvant effect, that is aggravating considerably the immunologic arthritis induced in the Wistar rat.
(7) The effects of gold thioglucose loading on Se distribution, and on Se-dependent GSH peroxidase and GSH S-transferase, were examined in rats fed three dietary levels of Se (0, 0.2, and 2.0 ppm), and with or without adjuvant-induced inflammation.
(8) They were given to volunteers by the subcutaneous route with and without the addition of Al (OH)3 as adjuvant.
(9) Despite use of surgical adjuvants, pelvic adhesions frequently develop following infertility surgery.
(10) Effective adjuvanticity as measured by the titre of the anti-peptide or anti-protein response in mice varied in the order: Algammulin, Montanide ISA 50 greater than or equal to Freund's adjuvant, Montanide ISA 708, 721, 70 much greater than alum, Squalene Arlacel greater than SAF-1.
(11) However, it remains clear that new and innovative techniques are necessary in the therapeutic, adjuvant, and palliative settings in the comprehensive care of the patient with hepatocellular carcinoma.
(12) Mice (C57BL) infected with the intestinal nematode Nematospiroides dubius showed depressed delayed type hypersensitivity responses to ovalbumin administered subcutaneously in Freund's complete adjuvant.
(13) The cells transferred were of three types, normal spleen cells, T cell-enriched spleen and lymph node cells from mice immunized with testis homogenate (TH) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and given an extract of Bordetella pertussis (BP) and the latter cells activated by in vitro culture with TH antigen for 48 h. Controls were given buffer alone.
(14) Embolization was considered an adjuvant procedure; carried out to reduce the size of the malformation or eliminate the deep arterial supply to it prior to excision.
(15) The fourth rabbit repeatedly developed a small abscess at the implantation site, but the lesions were less severe than complete Freund's adjuvant injection sites.
(16) Inbred strain 2 and random-bred guinea pigs injected oxazolone in incomplete or complete Freund's adjuvant showed contact reactions within an hour after topical application when tested 3 weeks post-sensititization.
(17) This paper reports on the incorporation of acid phosphatase histochemistry with a quantitative technique designed to measure the percentage of histochemically-localized enzyme-reactive cells found in adjuvant arthritic articular cartilage, synovial membrane and bone marrow.
(18) Disturbance of the arterial circulation in the ipsilateral upper limb following mastectomy is a rare sequel attributed to adjuvant radiotherapy.
(19) Of 10 patients presenting with Stage I disease, eight were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.
(20) The transfer of spleen cells from adjuvant cyclophosphamide-treated mice to tumor-inoculated normal mice significantly delayed tumor appearance when comparison was made with animals treated by operation alone, and such recipients also exhibited a more prolonged survival.
Excipient
Definition:
(v. t.) Taking an exception.
(n.) An exceptor.
(n.) An inert or slightly active substance used in preparing remedies as a vehicle or medium of administration for the medicinal agents.
Example Sentences:
(1) Poly(ortho ester) bioerodible polymers are suitable materials for the topical administration of a wide variety of therapeutic agents; varying the nature and amounts of excipients physically incorporated into the polymer will vary the erosion rates from a few hours to many months.
(2) Starch particles are the smallest among the excipients studied.
(3) Concentrations of lactose (4.85 and 4.81%), fat (3.76 and 3.67%), total solids (12.57 and 12.44%), SNF (8.83 and 8.75%), casein (2.56 and 2.53%), and true protein (3.13 and 3.08%) were similar in milks from cows receiving bST and excipient, respectively.
(4) The following results were obtained in the treated forearm versus the untreated forearm (excipient alone): clinically, an increase in skin thickness; by noninvasive techniques, an increase in skin thickness, skin elasticity, skin conductance, and TEWL, and a reduction in the size of the corneocytes.
(5) The results show that the choice of the excipients is basic.
(6) safety of HPCD and its well-characterized chemical composition, suggest that this starch derivative may be a potentially useful excipient for protein drugs intended for parenteral use.
(7) However, the observation that dextran 40 formulations showed poor stability toward aggregation demonstrates that an amorphous excipient system is not a sufficient condition for stability.
(8) However, due to crystallization of the excipients during storage and the resulting decrease in Tg, samples stored at 25 degrees C were also above their Tg during much of the storage period.
(9) The effect of intramuscular injections of two multivitamin preparations, two excipient preparations without vitamins, and a placebo preparation (glycine 2.5%) on serum creatine kinase activity (S-CK) in ten healthy volunteers (three female, seven male) aged between 23 and 25 years was investigated.
(10) The method is precise and selective for nitrazepam in the presence of the tablet excipients and 2-amino-5-nitrobenzophenone, the principal hydrolysis product of nitrazepam.
(11) Solid excipients, cornstarch, and talcum powder when injected intra-arterially decreased flow, and vascular obstruction was shown angiographically.
(12) Gluconolactone contributed least to the degradation of the drug as compared to other excipients studied.
(13) Gluconolactone was evaluated as an excipient for tablets prepared by direct compression using various drugs known to be difficult to compress.
(14) Tolerance was excellent except for mild nausea, probably due to the excipients, in two patients taking nine capsules.
(15) The oral provocation test with the excipient of the commercial preparation was negative; the tolerance to Methyl-Digoxin complete.
(16) The best solvents were then used in the study of different semisolid vehicles for topical use (cetylic excipient, Beeler's base and Carbopol gel), which show different physicochemical characteristics.
(17) In contrast, no significant difference in mean survival was observed between excipient and rHTNF treated animals bearing MCA-38, -101, or -102.
(18) Excipient-treated PIC barrows exhibited faster and more efficient growth (P less than .001) and a higher capacity for carcass protein accretion (P less than .001) but similar rates of lipid deposition compared to excipient-treated NEB barrows.
(19) TIMI Phase 1.5 compared two preparations of rt-PA, the early formulation in liquid excipient ("old" rt-PA) and the new lyophilized form ("new" rt-PA).
(20) Canrenone can be determined by high-speed liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical dosage forms without interference from common excipients or degradation products.