(a.) Bearing or conducting inwards to a part or organ; -- opposed to efferent; as, afferent vessels; afferent nerves, which convey sensations from the external organs to the brain.
Example Sentences:
(1) The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the decreased Epi response following ET was due to 1) depletion of adrenal Epi content such that adrenomedullary stimulation would not release Epi, 2) decreased Epi release with direct stimulation, i.e., desensitization of release, or 3) decreased afferent signals generated by ET itself.
(2) In the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus (Vc), the collaterals of one half of the periodontium afferent fibers terminated mainly in lamina V at the rostral and middle levels of Vc.
(3) Electrical stimulation of afferent pathways at intensities just below threshold for eliciting action potentials resulted in a dramatic decrease in JSCP threshold.
(4) The perforant pathway and fimbria fornix were transected to label afferent fibers to NPY-positive cells.
(5) The primary afferent fibers diverge in the brainstem into a short ascending and a long descending tract.
(6) (1) Microdissection of an isolated afferent artery with or without macula densa (MD) has revealed that renin release is regulated by NaCl exposure to MD.
(7) The present study delimits the relationship of primary trigeminal afferents to their targets, the brainstem trigeminal nuclei of the neonatal rat.
(8) Investigations in normal subjects demonstrate that the LLR is a reflex mediated by fast conducting muscle and cutaneous afferents.
(9) All endings were electrotonically coupled to the M-cell, but impulses in less than 20% of the afferents produced chemically mediated excitatory postsynaptic potentials as well.
(10) These results show the existence of a depressor response and decreases in HR and RNA in the rabbit mediated by the action of BK on cardiac sympathetic afferents.
(11) In anesthetized cats, the enhancement of sympathetic activity and increase of the blood pressure in exclusion of afferents (section of vagosympathetic trunks and clamping of common carotid arteries) as well as the disappearance of the activity in enhanced afferentation, were shown to be transient and to disappear within a few minutes-scores of minutes in spite of the going on deafferentation or enhancement of afferentation.
(12) From these experiments it is concluded that vascular A1 and A2 adenosine receptors are present in the kidney and that activation of A1 receptors is associated with preglomerular vasoconstriction only, whereas activation of A2 receptors mediates pre- and postglomerular vasodilation with a lack of vasodilatory response of the distal afferent arteriole.
(13) By modifying the spatial distribution of afferents to the network, we demonstrate that the same basic model functions properly in spite of afferents with nonuniform background firing rates.
(14) The results indicate that stimulation of trigeminal subnucleus caudalis, a brain stem region that processes nociceptor afferent information, evokes a prompt increase in plasma ACTH.
(15) The pattern of innervation following transplantation indicates that, in repopulating dopamine-deficient cortical areas of recipient weaver mutants, graft-derived dopamine fibres show a preference for those layers which are normally invested by dopamine afferents.
(16) When afferent impulses were recorded from this fine nerve simultaneously with the blood pressure, two kinds of activity were observed.
(17) The organization of the afferent and efferent connections of the sagittal Zones A and B of the cerebellar cortex of the rat have been studied using wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase as a tracer.
(18) The tidal volume increase under CO2 inhalation was suppressed by the inflation reflex but other afferent vagal nerves seemed to be closely associated with the increased respiratory rate.
(19) Although many of these centrally observed alterations can be attributed to altered peripheral projections in axotomized V primary afferents, others must reflect central reorganization.
(20) The amount of spinal visceral afferences is relatively small (only 1.5-2.5% of all somatic spinal afferences).
Efferent
Definition:
(a.) Conveying outward, or discharging; -- applied to certain blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, etc.
(a.) Conveyed outward; as, efferent impulses, i. e., such as are conveyed by the motor or efferent nerves from the central nervous organ outwards; -- opposed to afferent.
(n.) An efferent duct or stream.
Example Sentences:
(1) The present results provide no evidence for a clear morphological substrate for electrotonic transmission in the somatic efferent portion of the primate oculomotor nucleus.
(2) While the heaviest anterogradely labeled ascending projections were observed to the contralateral ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, pars oralis (VPLo), efferent projections were also observed to the contralateral ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VLc) and central lateral (CL) nucleus of the thalamic intralaminar complex, magnocellular (and to a lesser extent parvicellular) red nucleus, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, zona incerta, nucleus of the posterior commissure, lateral intermediate layer and deep layer of the superior colliculus, dorsolateral periaqueductal gray, contralateral nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and basilar pontine nuclei (especially dorsal and peduncular), and dorsal (DAO) and medial (MAO) accessory olivary nuclei, ipsilateral lateral (external) cuneate nucleus (LCN) and lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), and to a lesser extent the caudal medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and caudal nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH), and dorsal medullary raphe.
(3) Furthermore, the local interneurons make extensive efferent synaptic connections with unidentified neurons in the terminal medulla.
(4) Efferent units with spontaneous activity were uncommon at the start of the recording sessions but were more frequently encountered later in the experiments.
(5) Axotomy should be a useful tool for determining which other neurotransmitter receptors are produced by facial motoneurons and efferent neurons in other cranial nerve nuclei.
(6) The organization of the afferent and efferent connections of the sagittal Zones A and B of the cerebellar cortex of the rat have been studied using wheat-germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase as a tracer.
(7) Blood flow changes in the dental pulp of lower canine teeth of mature cats and incisors of mature rats were investigated with simultaneous laser Doppler flowmetry and local 125I-clearance (wash-out) during electrical sympathetic stimulation, efferent stimulation of n. alveolaris inferior (IAN) (cats) and i.a.
(8) The complex synaptic arrangements which exist between higher-order afferent and efferent cells and these second order cells along their course suggests that transmission takes place by the electrotonic spread of slow potentials.
(9) The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the level shifts are produced by MOC efferents acting on outer hair cells to reduce the mechanical stimulus to inner hair cells.
(10) On the basis of these data, a hypothetical molecular mechanism of vestibular efferent modulation of the primary afferent pathway is proposed.
(11) This study addressed the contribution of primary afferents, mast cells, and sympathetic efferents to the control of vascular permeability in synovial joints.
(12) Taken together, these data indicate that carbachol produces a motor stimulant effect by activating nicotinic receptors which may modulate the release of dopamine in the NA and inhibit the GABAergic efferents to the SI.
(13) EABF was obtained by timed complete collection of blood from superficial efferent arterioles.
(14) The reservoir is made up using 40 cm of detubulized ileum; on the afferent loop (10 cm long) the right ureter is implanted according to the Camey-Le Duc technique, on the efferent loop (25 cm long) the left ureter is implanted according to the same technique.
(15) Efferent projections of the anterior vermis were studied in a prosimian primate (Galago senegalensis).
(16) As in the larvae of the other flies, the abdominal ventrolateral LKIR neurons form efferent axons.
(17) In contrast, the efferent projections of the main olfactory bulb are distributed to the anterior olfactory nucleus, the tenia tecta, the olfactory tubercle, the pyriform cortex, the anterior cortical amygdaloid area, the posterolateral cortical amygdaloid area, and to the lateral entorhinal cortex.
(18) Retrograde degeneration occurred in both afferent and efferent fibers.
(19) The LSO activation suggests that olivocochlear efferents may operate in a central feedback control of peripheral auditory input during long-term habituation.
(20) Short (4-8 msec) and long (14-22 msec) latency responses were recorded from both efferent nerves innervating a digastric muscle and an inferior portion of perioral muscles.