(adv.) Once repeated; -- of quantity; as, as large again, half as much again.
(adv.) In any other place.
(adv.) On the other hand.
(adv.) Moreover; besides; further.
(prep.) Alt. of Agains
Example Sentences:
Agrin
Definition:
(adv. & a.) In the act of grinning.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results provide the first demonstration that embryonic neurons supply agrin-like molecules to the synapses they form with embryonic muscle cells.
(2) The stimulation of the expression of agrin-related molecules in these long-term cultures requires the presence of chick embryo extract or fetal calf serum.
(3) Agrin, a protein isolated from the synapse-rich electric organ of Torpedo californica, induces the formation of specializations on myotubes in culture which resemble the post-synaptic apparatus at the vertebrate skeletal neuromuscular junction.
(4) Agrin enriched by immunoaffinity chromatography from the central nervous system induced large numbers of AChR aggregates on cultured myotubes.
(5) We conclude that agrin released by rat motor neurons induced the chick myotubes to aggregate AChRs.
(6) Agrin-induced formation of AChR aggregates was not prevented by inhibition of protein synthesis, consistent with our previous results that agrin-induced accumulation of AChRs occurs by lateral migration.
(7) The rat agrin protein is concentrated at synapses, where it may play a role in development and regeneration.
(8) Immunofluorescence shows that on myotubes incubated with agrin at 4 degrees C, agrin binds in a uniform, finely punctate pattern that correlates poorly with the distribution of AChRs.
(9) By contrast, actin (visualized with fluorescein-phalloidin) and tropomyosin did not show specific associations with agrin-induced AChR clusters.
(10) In the present study we examined the role of extracellular matrix components in agrin-induced differentiation.
(11) Myotubes stimulated with agrin at 37 degrees C for greater than or equal to 2 hr show a coclustering of agrin binding sites and AChRs.
(12) The accumulation of AChE and BuChE into agrin-induced aggregates occurred in the absence of any change in the amount, rate of synthesis, accumulation, and release, or molecular forms of either enzyme.
(13) We also characterized the expression of muscle-derived agrin-like molecules at clusters of AChR.
(14) Here I report that the major agrin-like proteins from the nervous system and other tissues of the chicken are immunochemically and biochemically similar.
(15) Thus, in developing muscle, agrin or a closely related molecule (a) is expressed before AchR clusters are detected; (b) is colocalized with the earliest AchR clusters formed; and (c) can be expressed in muscle and at sites of high AchR density independently of innervation.
(16) These results demonstrate that expression of a single gene encoding agrin confers receptor clustering that is restricted to specific sites of cell-muscle contact.
(17) Other lines of study have provided clues as to how nerve-derived (extracellular) AChR-cluster inducing factors such as agrin might activate 43k-driven postsynaptic membrane specialization.
(18) However, as dorsal and ventral premuscle masses condensed (stage 22-23), mesenchymal immunoreactivity for laminin and agrin-like proteins, but not the proteoglycan, became concentrated in these myogenic regions.
(19) Immunofluorescent staining with an anti-agrin antibody reactive at Rana but not at Xenopus neuromuscular junctions was positive only at cross-species nerve-muscle contacts involving Rana neurons.
(20) Here we present evidence that agrin is highly concentrated in the cell bodies of motor neurons and is transported to axon terminals which is consistent with the agrin hypothesis.