(1) The hypothesis that opiate agonism requires an N substituent in the axial position does not appear to be consistent with the increased potency of beta isomers in which axial N substituents are thermodynamically more unstable.
(2) Under conditions of 5-HT1-like, 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptor blockade, the following rank order of agonism was observed: 5-HT > 5-methoxytryptamine = renzapride > (S)-zacopride > (R,S-zacopride > 5-carboxamidotryptamine > BRL 24682 > (R-zacopride > metoclopramide > 2-methyl-5-HT > sulpiride.
(3) At the agonal stage, the isoproterenol dose-response curve was shifted significantly to the right in myocardial membranes from endotoxic rats, but there was no significant decrease in maximum stimulated activity.
(4) Agonal state effects the stability of brain compounds and causes brain hypoxia.
(5) However, further studies showed compounds which exhibited either partial agonism in the RFA and competitive antagonism of 5-HT in the RA, or antagonism of 5-HT in both arteries with different affinities.
(6) Catecholamines were detectable in the major neurons, in small intensely fluorescent cells, and in adrenergic fibers with varicosities at levels that varied with the patient's age, cause of death, duration of the agonal period, the treatment administered, and the time when the material had been taken after death.
(7) Certain derivatives of the antagonists naloxone and naltrexone showed partial agonism.
(8) Except for desGly(NH2)AVP, which is a weak V2 agonist, the remaining desGly and desGly(NH2) analogues of 1-3 exhibit substantial V2 agonism and are thus highly selective V2 agonists.
(9) But bureaucratic dysfunction means less than half have been given out – as shown by two state department charts – and only at the end of agonizingly long waiting periods .
(10) The results failed to support the female agonism hypothesis and indicate a need for more detailed studies of intermale social dynamics.
(11) In the inferior parietal cortex, agonal status confounded this comparison.
(12) Dilevalol is a novel antihypertensive agent combining vasodilation due to selective beta 2-adrenergic receptor agonism with nonspecific beta antagonism.
(13) The results indicate that alpha 2-adrenergic agonism with clonidine inhibits the bronchoconstriction induced by histamine.
(14) We have found no evidence of a physiologically relevant effect of serotonin agonism on osmoregulated vasopressin release, or on the ability of normal man to excrete a water load.
(15) The partial agonism of N alpha-guanylhistamine is related to the ability of the drug to bind with the receptor in two different modes with similar affinity.
(16) In contrast U50,488H produced biphasic curves characterized by a higher potency phase of agonism that was susceptible to antagonism by 16-methylcyprenorphine (RX8008M) and a lower potency phase that was apparently non-opioid in nature.
(17) As this profile of activity is not shared by the shorter-acting compound, salbutamol, it would seem that anti-inflammatory activity is associated with beta-adrenoceptor agonism of long duration.
(18) To clarify the regulation of duodenal motility, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of alpha-adrenoceptor agonism and blockade and of galanin on duodenal motility.
(19) Agonist-independent pA2 estimates for ICS 205-930 (6.3-6.6) suggest a single site of agonism.
(20) In addition, analyses of beta-adrenoceptor agonism and antagonism, using selective (beta 1: T-1583, beta 2: procaterol) and non-selective (isoproterenol) agonists as well as selective (beta 1: atenolol, beta 2: ICI 118,551) and non-selective (propranolol) antagonists, confirmed that beta-adrenoceptors in the canine facial vein are not homogeneous, with the beta 1-subtype predominating over the beta 2-subtype, and that the canine saphenous vein has a homogeneous population of the beta 2-subtype, as reported in the other species.
Alone
Definition:
(a.) Quite by one's self; apart from, or exclusive of, others; single; solitary; -- applied to a person or thing.
(a.) Of or by itself; by themselves; without any thing more or any one else; without a sharer; only.
(a.) Sole; only; exclusive.
(a.) Hence; Unique; rare; matchless.
(adv.) Solely; simply; exclusively.
Example Sentences:
(1) Combinations of maximum amounts of glucagon and the cyclic nucleotide did not produce a greater effect than either agent alone.
(2) Philip Shaw, chief economist at broker Investec, expects CPI to hit 5.1%, just shy of the 5.2% reached in September 2008, as the utility hikes alone add 0.4% to inflation.
(3) Recently, it has been shown that radiation therapy, alone or combined with chemotherapy, can be successful.
(4) Basing the prediction of student performance in medical school on intellective-cognitive abilities alone has proved to be more pertinent to academic achievement than to clinical practice.
(5) Arthrotomy with continuous irrigation appears to be more effective in decreasing long-term residual effects than arthrotomy alone.
(6) In addition, control experiments with naloxone, ethanol, or cigarette smoking alone were performed.
(7) Because it has been suggested that the lathyrogen, BAPN, may stimulate the release of proteases, the protease inhibitors Trasylol and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) were given alone or in combination to BAPN-treated rats.
(8) Cells (1 x 10(5)) were seeded in 12- x -75-mm tissue culture tubes and incubated with various doses of IL-1 beta, IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma, alone or in specific combinations, for 15 min, two, 12, 24, and 72 h. PGE concentrations in the media were measured by radio-immunoassay.
(9) The authors conclude that H. pylori alone causes little or no effect on an intact gastric mucosa in the rat, that either intact organisms or bacteria-free filtrates cause similar prolongation and delayed healing of pre-existing ulcers with active chronic inflammation, and that the presence of predisposing factors leading to disruption of gastric mucosal integrity may be required for the H. pylori enhancement of inflammation and tissue damage in the stomach.
(10) Exogenous administration of estrogen alone or combined with progesterone have been associated with increased plasma cortisol levels.
(11) Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that these blebs were devoid of organelles and microvilli; scanning electron microscopy revealed that the blebs were highly wrinkled and more numerous than were the projections observed in tissue from animals treated with testosterone alone, or in tissue from unoperated controls.
(12) The combination of methotrexate and cyclosporin is significantly better than either alone in controlling GVHD.
(13) DTIC, BCNU and CCNU produced responses in 28% of patients, alone or in combination with each other.
(14) Malondialdehyde was undetectable in cerebrospinal fluid after subarachnoid placement of agarose alone, although it was present in similar amounts in all groups that received subarachnoid placement of OxyHb.
(15) Ketamine alone caused ataxia even in the lowest dose used.
(16) The phenylalanine model allows the rapid assessment of whole body and muscle protein turnover from plasma samples alone, obviating the need for measurement of expired air CO2 production or enrichment.
(17) Infusion of 1 unit of 25-HCC per hour for 6 hours induced an antiphosphaturia only when administered with 0.2 units of PTH per hour, while neither agent alone changed phosphate excretion.
(18) In keratinocyte lines immortalized by E7 alone, the p53 half-life was found to be similar to that in non-transformed cells; however, it decreased to approximately 1 h following supertransfection of an E6 gene.
(19) Renal arteriography is therefore alone capable of answering two primordial questions: "Must surgery be undertaken and when operating, what surgical tactics to adopt".
(20) When given chronically over 6 weeks the advantages of adding benserazide (50 mg kg-1 day-1) to levodopa (40 mg kg-1 day-1) were less marked and although more dopamine was present in the striatum than with levodopa given alone (200 mg kg-1 day-1) there was no evidence of any increase in its metabolites (HVA and DOPAC) and therefore of its turnover and utilisation.