(n.) The absence or loss of the power of expressing ideas by written signs. It is one form of aphasia.
Example Sentences:
(1) Unlike previously reported patients with subcortical infarcts, these cases indicate that small lesions limited to the posterior capsuloputaminal area can cause aphasia and agraphia as well as dysarthria.
(2) In "alexia without agraphia" (pure alexia), the intact right visual cortex is disconnected from the left parietal language center by a lesion in the splenium.
(3) The present investigation was designed to overcome the omissions of previous studies, and examined the ability to read 46 single phonograms and 46 single ideograms aloud in four groups of sufficiently large numbers of patients; namely, seven pure alexics, 23 Broca aphasics, 13 Wernicke aphasics, and seven patients with alexia and agraphia.
(4) The authors report the clinical findings and CT-scanning results in two cases of alexia without agraphia and review the literature on this subject.
(5) An adult patient with literal alexia, agraphia, slight anomia, and dyscalculia due to a left hemisphere infarct showed lack of sequential skills while pattern recognition remained intact.
(6) We report a single case of pure apraxic agraphia in which defective letter imagery was evident.
(7) This supports the contention that DA in adults may be divided into phonological and lexical groups and further supports the two-system hypothesis for linguistic agraphia.
(8) A 75-year-old right-handed woman, after a probable cerebral infarct, developed an irregular constriction of the visual fields, a left-sided agraphia, and an anomia for objects in the left hand.
(9) Dissociative improvement of alexia compared with agraphia in this case could be explained by the fact that the lesion was in close contact with the occipital lobe and that he also had pure alexia in the early stage.
(10) The errors of agraphia were not correlated with measures of aphasia or psychometric measures of language and motor performance.
(11) All eventually developed alexia, agraphia, visual agnosia, and components of Balint's, Gerstmann's, and transcortical sensory aphasia syndromes.
(12) Complete receptive and expressive aphasia, inability to repeat, agraphia, and alexia were elicited, but visual memory was preserved, and no constructional apraxia was noted.
(13) We now report a case of lexical agraphia following a discrete lesion of the left precentral gyrus.
(14) Many cases of agraphia from acquired cerebral lesions may be divided into two groups, phonological and lexical, suggesting two dissociable spelling systems.
(15) Less frequent with left-sided lesions they can be associated with the alexia without agraphia syndrome (with or without color naming deficit or hemifield loss).
(16) Comparing clinico-pathological findings of the 31 known autopsy cases, it was proposed that the lesion of the left spleno-lingual system produces alexia without agraphia but it may ameliorate.
(17) Alexia without agraphia occurred in a 41-year-old man suffering from a left occipital brain tumor.
(18) Lesions of the dominant (left) angular gyrus are associated with the syndromes of alexia with agraphia.
(19) We conclude that agraphia in AD can be variously determined and that agraphia is not a reliable marker for familial disease.
(20) The word formations (paragraphias) due to primary agraphia do not bear close phonetical resemblances, whereas word formations by dyslectic persons are plainly phonetical.
Dysgraphia
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) Two consequences of these conditions are (1) patient classification into syndrome types (e.g., phonological dysgraphia, agrammatism, and so forth) can play no useful role in research concerned with issues about the structure of normal cognitive functioning or its dissolution under conditions of brain damage; and (2) only single-patient studies allow valid inferences about the structure of cognitive mechanisms from the analysis of impaired performance.
(2) It is concluded that dyslexia and dysgraphia-type of reading and writing disorders in primary school children are factors exerting unfavourable effect on the marks at school and are likely to be etiologically related to some disturbances of health and disorders of lateralization.
(3) Lateral premotor lesions of the dominant hemisphere produce a motor dysgraphia or motor dysphasia or both.
(4) An analytical investigation of the residual reading capacities of a single patient with dyslexia without dysgraphia is reported.
(5) A 68 years old, right handed, hypertensive man who had experienced an episode of left hemiparesis of several weeks' duration developed a syndrome of minor hemisphere, metamorphopsia, visuoconstructive disability, spatial dysgraphia, topographical and geographical disorientation and dressing apraxia, with associated left homonymous hemianopsia.
(6) A left-handed man with a history of phonological developmental dyslexia and dysgraphia learned in early adulthood to read and write using a lexical system.
(7) However, children with a spelling or motor dysgraphia had speeds of motor performance on successive finger movements and rapid hand pats outwith the normal range.
(8) The subject is introduced by briefly considering the childhood learning disorders as a whole, and subsequently dysgraphia will be considered in particular with description and illustration of the different types.
(9) 82% have defective spatial orientation, dysphasia, or dysgraphia.
(10) Thirty-nine per cent of the children had a specific dysgraphia and there was a male predominance.
(11) In our second paper we report a detailed neuropsychological study which we made of 66 children with dysgraphia.
(12) Severe right side hemineglect, transcortical motor dysprosodia, spatial dysgraphia and visuo-constructive impairments were observed.
(13) There was nearly perfect preservation of other psychological functions with good recall of distant events and no dysphasia, dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyspraxia, right-left disorientation, constructional apraxia or visual agnosia.
(14) These observations imply that an acquired lexical agraphia has been superimposed on his developmental phonological dysgraphia, resulting in a combined or 'phonolexical' agraphia.
(15) A family history of written language skill difficulties was elicited for most of the children with a developmental spelling dysgraphia, but it was uncommon in the children with an acquired spelling dysgraphia or motor dysgraphia.
(16) In this paper we propose a clinical neurological classification of childhood dysgraphia (medical model).
(17) He was right-handed with no sinistral relative, and showed dyslexia and dysgraphia early in his clinical course.
(18) In the present study, a single subject with dyslexia and dysgraphia was examined on parallel tests of recognizing orally spelled words, reading, and spelling (writing), and a comparison was made of his performance on the three tasks.
(19) A case study of a 65 year old man is described with an eight-year history of progressive primary non-fluent aphasia accompanied by agrammatism, phonemic paraphasias and mild spelling dysgraphia.
(20) We report a case of a 35-year-old teacher, Louise, with a history of learning difficulties and current evidence of developmental phonological dyslexia and dysgraphia.