What's the difference between alanine and lactamide?
Alanine
Definition:
(n.) A white crystalline base, C3H7NO2, derived from aldehyde ammonia.
Example Sentences:
(1) In hypophysectomized rats the activity of alanine aminotransferase was increased, but its normal zonation (predominance in the periportal zone) was preserved.
(2) The enzyme was solubilized by Triton X-100 and purified approximately 480-fold by gel filtration and affinity chromatography on alanine methyl ketone-AH-Sepharose 4B.
(3) Liver bloodflow remained unchanged in AS dogs, but hepatic alanine uptake nearly tripled (p less than 0.01) and hepatic glucose production increased by 60% (p less than 0.05).
(4) We could not find any correlation between TBG and serum albumin, gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and mean corpuscular volume.
(5) We have previously reported the isolation of a genomic clone encoding human liver-specific peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT, EC 2.6.1.44), the deficient enzyme in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) (P. E. Purdue, Y. Takada, and C. J. Danpure, J.
(6) One of the HEF bands can be separated from two others with beta-alanine as discrete spacer.
(7) The order in which anions supported uptake was Cl- = SCN- greater than F- greater than NO3- = SO2(-4) for beta-alanine, whereas it was SCN- greater than F- = Cl- = NO3- greater than SO2(-4) for L-alpha-alanine.
(8) The effects of alanine, glucose and tolbutamide on insulin-secreting cells (RINm5F) have been investigated using patch-clamp and single cell intracellular Ca2+ measurements.
(9) Other amino acids (glutamine, taurine, asparagine, alanine, serine) were only altered in single brain regions, or were not altered at all (aspartate, glycine, threonine, arginine).
(10) With the exception of alanine, whose transport was partially Na+ dependent, all other amino acids examined in the present study were transported in a Na+-independent manner.
(11) Both amino acids were found to have the L-configuration by GC analysis on a chiral column and alanine was assigned to be the N-terminal amino acid by Edman degradation.
(12) Nondiabetic polyuria had a slight effect on the excretion of alanine aminopeptidase only.
(13) For dipeptides containing the amino terminal residues glycine, alanine and phenylalanine, abstraction of the hydrogen from the carbon adjacent to the peptide nitrogen was the major process leading to the spin-adducts.
(14) The uptake of acetyl-L-carnitine was not strictly substrate-specific; gamma-butyrobetaine, L-carnitine, L-DABA, and GABA were potent inhibitors, hypotaurine and L-glutamate were moderate inhibitors, and glycine and beta-alanine were only weakly inhibitory.
(15) Methods are described for the analysis of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, alanine, glycerol, 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate in perchloric acid extracts of human blood, using the Cobas Bio centrifugal analyser fitted with a fluorimetric attachment.
(16) Turnover of D-[14C]alanine-labeled sites within the peptide side chain of PG occurred at roughly twice this rate; no turnover of L-[3H]proline-labeled protein was detected.
(17) We have isolated and sequenced a yeast gene encoding a protein (Mr 24,875) very rich in serine (SRP) and alanine residues that accounted for 25% and 20% of the total amino acids, respectively.
(18) Applications are presented for tripeptides of alanine and glycine in water.
(19) S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (Ado-met) administration to rats significantly improved liver necrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) as evidenced by reduction of TAA-elevated catalytic activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT).
(20) In a previous paper, the main mutagenic compound isolated from the model reaction system D-fructose, DL-alanine and creatinine was tentatively identified as 4,8-DiMeIQx.
Lactamide
Definition:
(n.) An acid amide derived from lactic acid, and obtained as a white crystalline substance having a neutral reaction. It is metameric with alanine.
Example Sentences:
(1) The blood-brain barrier in the rhesus monkey was opened to intravascular Evans blue-albumin, without causing brain edema or altering brain electrolytes, by perfusing 2.5 molal recrystallized D,L-lactamide into the internal carotid artery for 20--30 sec.
(2) Hypertonic urea or lactamide solutions osmotically open the blood-brain barrier in the monkey without producing gross neurological deficits if the blood supply to the brain is not compromised.
(3) Mutants which were resistant to catabolite repression were isolated from succinate+lactamide medium.
(4) The most important observations were as follows: (1) HgCl2 or hyperosmolar perfusates produced an increased BBB permeability to protein tracers but the brain uptake of glucose analogues was found decreased following the former, and increased (except for lactamide) after the latter treatment.
(5) It was found that the beta-lactamase of Proteus had low activity and were produced by both beta-lactamide resistant and sensitive clinical strains of Proteus.
(6) Lactamide, an analogous substance of lactic acid, did not evoke any pancreatic secretion.
(7) The drug solvents glycerin, N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-lactamide, and polyethylene glycol 400 (Lutrol 9) were examined for their pharmacodynamic properties in the following tests: i.p.
(8) The enzymatic destruction of beta-lactamides was not the main mechanism of Proteus resistance to the above antibiotics.
(9) The cultures of Proteus vulgaris were more resistant to the beta-lactamides as compared tcal material were more resistant to benzylpenicillin and ceporin as compared to the cultures in the H-form.
(10) Use of N-N'-dimethylacetamide in nonaqueous medium, propylene glycol, N-beta-hydroxyethyl-lactamide-propylene glycol and Macrogol--400 resulted in the preparation of the solution in appropriate concentration.
(11) Hyperosmotic agents (2 M urea or 2 M DL-lactamide), perfused into the internal carotid artery of Rhesus monkeys, produced a marked decrease in intraocular pressure and an increase in aqueous humor protein.
(12) Since hydroxyethyl lactamide passed the severe "eolid nudibranch test" and has been found nonirritating for the very sensitive rhinophorial structures, and furthermore since it has been used by the pharmaceutical industry as a vehicle in antibiotic preparations, it appears to be an ideal universal dye solvent for general use in vital staining.
(13) Hydroxyethyl lactamide, an odorless liquid and dye solvent was found ideal since it permits immediate attainment of saturated solutions of dyes in sea water.
(14) Up to 50% glycerol, 10% hydroxyethyl lactamide (HELA), 10% oleyl alcohol, 10% Solketal, 10% glycofurol, 100% tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) and 10% urea induced no discernible change in the histological appearance of the skin whereas 100% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), 100% dimethyl formamide (DMF), 100% N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 10% Azone, 10% oleic acid, 10% methyl laurate, 10% benzyl alcohol and 10% glycerol formal caused severe skin irritation.
(15) It was found that the beta-lactamides were active against Proteus, ceporin being the most effective antibiotic.