(n.) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, potash, ammonia, and lithia, whose distinguishing peculiarities are solubility in alcohol and water, uniting with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue.
Example Sentences:
(1) Significant amounts of 35S-labeled material were lost during the alkali treatment.
(2) The results also suggest that both alkali metals most probably have been delivered to the suckling pups and some of their toxic effect was retarded.
(3) Rabbits eating Rabbit Chow excreted a very alkaline urine, but rats eating the same diet excreted much less alkali when expressed per kilogram of body weight.
(4) From these findings it is concluded that cardiac performance and carbohydrate metabolism are accelerated in alkali and depressed in acid perfusion, and that myocardial metabolism could be affected by pH not only secondary to the change of performance but also by itself.
(5) Electrophoresis, Sephadex chromatography, and ultrafiltration studies showed that the alkali-soluble, water-soluble cell wall antigen is comprised of lipid, polysaccharide, and protein and has a molecular weight range of 30,000 to 50,000.
(6) [Na+],[Cl-)and[alkali]were determined in the alkaline gastric juice samples (pH greater than 7.0).
(7) Plants placed in pure acid and alkali solutions were also able to neutralize the medium.
(8) TFP produced a more discrete block in the repair of alkali-labile lesions in DNA.
(9) Activation of GV by monochromatic 450-nm radiation causes two specific DNA changes in human P3 cells in culture as shown by alkaline elution techniques: single-strand breaks (i.e., alkali-labile sites plus frank strand scissions) and DNA-to-protein covalent bond crosslinks.
(10) Keratan sulphate was isolated from bovine intervertebral disc and bovine nasal septum after hydrolysis with proteinases and treatment with dilute alkali.
(11) It was necessary to avoid CsCl banding of procapsids in their preparation as this treatment altered both their pI and their sensitivity to alkali dissociation into 14S subunits.
(12) In these muscles, two kinds of mRNA for the cardiac myosin alkali light chain, identical with those in ventricular muscle, were expressed and their relative amount in each tissue was almost the same as that in ventricular muscle.
(13) The enzymes were detected and characterized by agarose gel electrophoresis of alkali-denatured digestion products.
(14) The alkali cations selectivity sequence induced by ETH1811 is Li+ (1) greater than Na+ (0.08) greater than K+ (0.02) greater than Cs+ (0.008).
(15) When the monomer was further dissociated into constituent subunits in strong alkali or at high concentrations of SDS, the CD spectrum disappeared almost completely, indicating loss of the asymmetric interactions of the chromophoric heme a with its immediate environments, consisting of the subunit assembly.
(16) Addition of alkali to the culture media results in decrease of cell GAD activity, whereas increase of enzyme level occurs only in cells growing in unbuffered media.
(17) Chain breaks as measured in alkali were also measured and found to be enhanced by the dye; the ratio of breaks per iodine loss was 0.9.
(18) Alkali hydrolysates of elastins contained a radioactive peak that was eluted between proline and leucine.
(19) Under limiting concentration conditions, BLM and NCS induce alkali-labile sites in DNA without a subsequent cleavage of the chain.
(20) Hydrolysis with mild alkali yields anhydroretinol, as it does for synthetic retinyl phosphate, with absorption maxima at 388, 368, and 346 nm.
Caustic
Definition:
(a.) Alt. of Caustical
(a.) Any substance or means which, applied to animal or other organic tissue, burns, corrodes, or destroys it by chemical action; an escharotic.
(a.) A caustic curve or caustic surface.
Example Sentences:
(1) According to the report filed by the New York state department of financial services (NYSDFS), when warned by a US colleague about dealings with Iran, a Standard Chartered executive caustically replied: "You f---ing Americans.
(2) He had severe standards and was caustic about people in public life and the way things were run.
(3) Fatale haemoptysis occurred as a result of circumferential caustic erosion to the right intermediate bronchus caused by a tablet of ferrous sulphate which remained in contact for 4 days.
(4) Four cases of combined hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal stricture secondary to caustic ingestion are presented.
(5) Initial endoscopic examination showed moderate caustic esophagitis in all patients, and esophageal atony and poor distension were early roentgenographic observations.
(6) The stigma of having no brothers or sisters meant that any acting up was immediately dismissed with a caustic, “Well, he is an only child.” The subtext was that my parents had doted on me excessively, inflating my sense of importance.
(7) The caustic property of silver nitrate prompted a double-blind, controlled study of a possible causal relationship between use of the agent for prophylaxis against ophthalmic infection in the newborn and the subsequent development of nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
(8) The effects of accidental ingestion of a caustic detergent are studied in the report of 14 patients seen in the Hennepin County Medical Center.
(9) The success of conservative treatment has been higher in patients younger than 8 years of age, and in strictures due to caustics other than lye involving upper third portion and less than five cm of an esophageal segment.
(10) Despite the sometimes self-deprecating shtick – in sharp contrast to Putin's self-mythologising antics – there remains disquiet about what Navalny really represents, behind the caustic put-downs and cool persona.
(11) Caustic ingestion in adults must be viewed as a problem different from that of accidental ingestion in children.
(12) Exposure to caustic agents is a common problem, affecting thousands of individuals annually.
(13) This result counters the theory that a caustic response is a prerequisite for successful therapy.
(14) With both kinds of caustic agents the decrease of acid phosphatase activity was more striking than that of the alkaline phosphatase.
(15) Even so, Iain Macleod and Enoch Powell refused invitations to join the new government and Macleod published in the Spectator a caustic account of all the skullduggery.
(16) L'eau de Javel (bleaching agent with sodium hypochloride) was the most frequently encountered caustic substance (89%).
(17) The indication for esophageal replacement was atresia in 92 children and intractable stricture (peptic, caustic, or congenital) in 20.
(18) In order to examine the injuries and functional abnormalities of these sites following caustic ingestion, the records of The Johns Hopkins Swallowing Center were reviewed.
(19) Afterwards, in a sign that she has not yet lost her caustic side, Sobchak wrote in her Tatler column: "Bozhena equally suffers for the fate of her motherland as for the fate of her fur coats."
(20) Roy Keane’s most outspoken attack on Sir Alex Ferguson branched out into caustic criticisms of José Mourinho as he branded the Chelsea’s manager conduct “disgraceful” and explained why he refused to shake his hand towards the end of Aston Villa’s recent match at Stamford Bridge .