(a.) Of or pertaining to an alkali or to alkalies; having the properties of an alkali.
Example Sentences:
(1) Serum gamma glutamyl transferase (gammaGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities have been estimated in 49 epileptic patients taking anticonvulsant drugs.
(2) N-Ethylmaleimide-sensitive 5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase and alkaline phosphatase activities from other cell lines were also recovered in the cytosol.
(3) Alkaline borohydride treatment released over 95% of the oligosaccharide units in pool I and approximately 30% of the oligosaccharide units in pool III.
(4) Since alkaline phosphatase, a glycoprotein, is not affected, the destruction is selective and presumably involves only the most exposed membrane components.
(5) In vitro studies in cardiac Purkinje fibers suggested that reversal of amitriptyline-induced cardiac membrane effects by sodium bicarbonate may be attributed not only to alkalinization but also to increased in extracellular sodium concentration, diminishing the local anesthetic action of amitriptyline and resulting in less sodium channel block.
(6) The following alterations in liver function tests are associated with phenytoin hepatotoxicity: elevations in serum aminotransferases, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, and prothrombin time.
(7) Azocoupling of the alkaline phosphatase with diazonium-1-H-tetrazole and Zn2+ content measurement of azocoupled enzyme probes indicated that 2 histidine residues per subunit are involved in binding of the catalytically important Zn2+.
(8) In-vivo data are limited primarily to dominant lethal studies in rats and some in-vivo alkaline elution results.
(9) S-lactic dehydrogenase (s-LDH), SGOT, and s-alkaline phosphatase were found to be too unspecific to indicate liver metastases unless all three tests were normal or abnormal.
(10) The increased release of alkaline phosphatase from the particulate matrix by lysophosphatidylcholine was confirmed by disc electrophoresis.
(11) Characterization of the components released by alkaline hydrolysis indicated that O-glycosylated hydroxylysine residues are nonenzymatically N-glycated to the same extent as those without an enzymatically attached carbohydrate unit.
(12) The presence of alkaline phosphatase-positive cells forming woven bone in giant cell granulomas suggests that osteoblasts are present in the lesion.
(13) Under the influence of PSC, parathyroid gland function remained unchanged, but serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were low, and urinary hydroxyproline was high.
(14) At alkaline pH, the Schiff's base equilibrium can be continuously and specifically displaced by reduction in situ with sodium cyanohydridoborate, which on the other hand leaves intact the reacting aldehyde groups of oxidized tRNA.
(15) Rabbits eating Rabbit Chow excreted a very alkaline urine, but rats eating the same diet excreted much less alkali when expressed per kilogram of body weight.
(16) Conclusions derived from these studies are: 1) The model used is a valid means of studying in vivo luminal disappearance of PLP in the rat jejunum; 2) a major portion of the disappearance seems to involve hydrolysis by alkaline phosphatase; 3) a significant portion of this hydrolysis occurs intraluminally; and 4) a second mechanism of PLP disappearance, which is nonphosphatase-mediated, also appears operative and may represent absorption of the intact, phosphorylated vitamin.
(17) Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline fell significantly in patients receiving ND, whereas the biochemical indices of bone formation did not change (alkaline phosphatase) or increased (osteocalcin; P less than 0.01).
(18) Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were considerably elevated in shell-less embryos.
(19) An observed differential distribution of alkaline and acid phosphatase on the surfaces of growing bones may serve to describe transformative processes of bone growth.
(20) Alkaline treatment of 4, 5, 18, and 19 gave the corresponding adenosine 5'-(hydroxycarbonyl)phosphonate (14), guanosine 5'-(hydroxycarbonyl) phosphonate (15), 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-(hydroxycarbonyl)phosphonate (20), and 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-(hydroxycarbonyl) phosphonate (21).
Alkaloid
Definition:
(a.) Alt. of Alkaloidal
(n.) An organic base, especially one of a class of substances occurring ready formed in the tissues of plants and the bodies of animals.
Example Sentences:
(1) Thus, alkaloid and insecticide modifications share many features but differ in how much the conducting properties of the pore are changed and whether the channel can close reversibly while the toxin remains bound.
(2) A clear structure-mutagenicity relationship was observed in a series of aporphine alkaloids (aporphine, dehydroaporphine, 7-oxoaporphine and 4,5-dioxoaporphine), and 10,11-non-substituted aporphines were suggested to exert their mutagenicity through metabolic activation of the 10,11 positions, possibly as the 10,11-epoxides.
(3) A radioactive, photoactive Vinca alkaloid, N-(p-azido-[3,5-3H]-benzoyl)-N'-beta-aminoethylvindesine [( 3H]NABV) with pharmacological and biological activities similar to vinblastine was synthesized and used to identify specific Vinca alkaloid macromolecular interactions in calf brain homogenate by photoaffinity labeling.
(4) The comparative metabolism of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) senecionine was studied in vitro in incubations of rat, guinea pig, cow, horse, and sheep hepatic microsomes.
(5) They also displayed negative correlation between activities of protein-inhibitors and the total content of protein and alkaloids.
(6) Methods have been reviewed for alkylating agents, platinum compounds, antitumour antibiotics, antimetabolites, alkaloids, suramin, 1-hydroxy-3-amino-propylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate and tamoxifen.
(7) The resistant strains exhibited cross resistance to anthracycline antibiotics, vinca alkaloids, actinomycin D, colchicine.
(8) In mice treated with cepharanthine (Cepha), a biscoclaurine alkaloid, the number of T cells was increased in the parathymic lymph nodes (PtLNs) which are considered to be the specialized lymph nodes in local differentiation of T cells.
(9) The alkaloid tubulosine inhibits the process of peptide chain elongation by eukaryotic polysomes by specifically preventing the elongation-factor-2-dependent step of translocation.
(10) Cultured roots of Stephania cepharantha, which are rich sources of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, were fed 14C-labelled tyrosine, tyramine or dopamine.
(11) As a possible mechanism underlying the alterations of DRP, the functional consequences of atrophic changes of primary central afferent terminals are being discussed in terms of the close correlation between structure and function and the possible inferences of the electrophysiological reaction to the therapeutic application of Vinca alkaloids in the iontophoretic treatment of chronic intractable pain.
(12) The poisonous principles in tansy ragwort are pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which cause gradual alteration and necrosis of liver cells with replacement by fibrous tissue.
(13) In this study, the roots of Tabernaemontana heyneana Wall were examined and the isolation and identification of additional indole alkaloids and some pharmacological properties of coronaridine are described.
(14) The area ratios of four alkaloids (tropacocaine, norcocaine, cis-cinnamoylcocaine, and trans-cinnamoylcocaine) to cocaine are calculated for each sample.
(15) The main drugs with specific action on migraine include ergot alkaloids (ergotamine, dihydroergotamine), agonists (sumatriptan) or partial agonists (methysergide) at a specific subtype of 5-HT1-like receptors, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists (propranolol, metoprolol), calcium antagonists (flunarizine) and anti-inflammatory agents (indomethacin).
(16) Effects of solution variables on the binding and self-association explain the wide variation of reported apparent binding constants for Vinca alkaloids to tubulin.
(17) The concomitance of five previously reported trans-2,5-dialkyl-pyrrolidines along with small amounts of the cis isomers and N-methyl analogues makes the venom of M. indicum the most qualitatively diverse blend of alkaloids reported from an ant to date.
(18) Strong enhancement of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was observed after treatment with the active cyclophosphamide (CY) derivative Z 7557 or the plant alkaloid VP-16 at the site of sensitization.
(19) A total alkaloid and two purified alkaloid extracts of Alangium Vitiense were revealed by our experimental screening to be oncostatic on L1210 leukemia and two other lymphoid neoplasias in Mice.
(20) Possible mechanisms underlying these effects of insecticides on alkaloid-dependent uptake are discussed in light of a qualitative model formulated from these results and previous biochemical and electrophysiological studies.