What's the difference between alkaloid and curarine?
Alkaloid
Definition:
(a.) Alt. of Alkaloidal
(n.) An organic base, especially one of a class of substances occurring ready formed in the tissues of plants and the bodies of animals.
Example Sentences:
(1) Thus, alkaloid and insecticide modifications share many features but differ in how much the conducting properties of the pore are changed and whether the channel can close reversibly while the toxin remains bound.
(2) A clear structure-mutagenicity relationship was observed in a series of aporphine alkaloids (aporphine, dehydroaporphine, 7-oxoaporphine and 4,5-dioxoaporphine), and 10,11-non-substituted aporphines were suggested to exert their mutagenicity through metabolic activation of the 10,11 positions, possibly as the 10,11-epoxides.
(3) A radioactive, photoactive Vinca alkaloid, N-(p-azido-[3,5-3H]-benzoyl)-N'-beta-aminoethylvindesine [( 3H]NABV) with pharmacological and biological activities similar to vinblastine was synthesized and used to identify specific Vinca alkaloid macromolecular interactions in calf brain homogenate by photoaffinity labeling.
(4) The comparative metabolism of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) senecionine was studied in vitro in incubations of rat, guinea pig, cow, horse, and sheep hepatic microsomes.
(5) They also displayed negative correlation between activities of protein-inhibitors and the total content of protein and alkaloids.
(6) Methods have been reviewed for alkylating agents, platinum compounds, antitumour antibiotics, antimetabolites, alkaloids, suramin, 1-hydroxy-3-amino-propylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate and tamoxifen.
(7) The resistant strains exhibited cross resistance to anthracycline antibiotics, vinca alkaloids, actinomycin D, colchicine.
(8) In mice treated with cepharanthine (Cepha), a biscoclaurine alkaloid, the number of T cells was increased in the parathymic lymph nodes (PtLNs) which are considered to be the specialized lymph nodes in local differentiation of T cells.
(9) The alkaloid tubulosine inhibits the process of peptide chain elongation by eukaryotic polysomes by specifically preventing the elongation-factor-2-dependent step of translocation.
(10) Cultured roots of Stephania cepharantha, which are rich sources of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, were fed 14C-labelled tyrosine, tyramine or dopamine.
(11) As a possible mechanism underlying the alterations of DRP, the functional consequences of atrophic changes of primary central afferent terminals are being discussed in terms of the close correlation between structure and function and the possible inferences of the electrophysiological reaction to the therapeutic application of Vinca alkaloids in the iontophoretic treatment of chronic intractable pain.
(12) The poisonous principles in tansy ragwort are pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which cause gradual alteration and necrosis of liver cells with replacement by fibrous tissue.
(13) In this study, the roots of Tabernaemontana heyneana Wall were examined and the isolation and identification of additional indole alkaloids and some pharmacological properties of coronaridine are described.
(14) The area ratios of four alkaloids (tropacocaine, norcocaine, cis-cinnamoylcocaine, and trans-cinnamoylcocaine) to cocaine are calculated for each sample.
(15) The main drugs with specific action on migraine include ergot alkaloids (ergotamine, dihydroergotamine), agonists (sumatriptan) or partial agonists (methysergide) at a specific subtype of 5-HT1-like receptors, beta-adrenoceptor antagonists (propranolol, metoprolol), calcium antagonists (flunarizine) and anti-inflammatory agents (indomethacin).
(16) Effects of solution variables on the binding and self-association explain the wide variation of reported apparent binding constants for Vinca alkaloids to tubulin.
(17) The concomitance of five previously reported trans-2,5-dialkyl-pyrrolidines along with small amounts of the cis isomers and N-methyl analogues makes the venom of M. indicum the most qualitatively diverse blend of alkaloids reported from an ant to date.
(18) Strong enhancement of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was observed after treatment with the active cyclophosphamide (CY) derivative Z 7557 or the plant alkaloid VP-16 at the site of sensitization.
(19) A total alkaloid and two purified alkaloid extracts of Alangium Vitiense were revealed by our experimental screening to be oncostatic on L1210 leukemia and two other lymphoid neoplasias in Mice.
(20) Possible mechanisms underlying these effects of insecticides on alkaloid-dependent uptake are discussed in light of a qualitative model formulated from these results and previous biochemical and electrophysiological studies.
Curarine
Definition:
(n.) A deadly alkaloid extracted from the curare poison and from the Strychnos toxifera. It is obtained in crystalline colorless salts.
Example Sentences:
(1) One of the tertiary amine alkaloids (usambarensine) presents atopine-like and spasmolytic activities while the bisquaternary ammonium compounds (dihydrotoxiferine, calebassine, C-curarine and afrocurarine) are competitive neuromuscular blocking agents.
(2) Cortical evoked potentials and extracellular evoked neuronal activity have been investigated in unanesthetized d-curarine immobilized rats during stimulation of the superior colliculi.
(3) Hippocampal synchronization during aversive dorsal midbrain stimulation was observed in rats both in a conditioning procedure and under d-tubo-curarine paralysis.
(4) In the stem bark of Strychnos dolichothyrsa Gilg ex Onochie et Hepper (Loganiaceae) the following alkaloids were found: bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine, bisnor-C-curarine, bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine N-oxide and bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine di-N-oxide.
(5) The infusion of the postsynaptic nicotinic receptor antagonists, hexamethonium, alpha-bungarotoxin (ATX), or curarine, significantly altered the preinfusion oscillatory pattern of insulin release by reducing the period.
(6) One of the following pretreatments was given prior to injection of 1.5 mg X kg-1 of succinylcholine: normal saline IV three minutes and again immediately prior to succinylcholine; 0.06 mg X kg-1 d-tubo-curarine (dTc) IV three minutes prior and normal saline IV immediately prior; normal saline IV three minutes prior and 1.5 mg X kg-1 lidocaine IV immediately prior; 0.06 mg X kg-1 dTc IV three minutes prior and 1.5 mg X kg-1 lidocaine IV immediately prior.
(7) D-Tubo-curarine, an antagonist at the acetylcholine receptor, caused an increase in alpha-BGT binding after 7 days of treatment, while the agonist nicotine and choline had no effect.