(n.) A genus of plants, including the onion, garlic, leek, chive, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) Following a brief historical introduction, current production of commercially important alliums is described and their botanical origins and interrelationships are explained.
(2) A population of meristematic root cells of Allium sativum L. is previously synchronized thanks to Hydroxyurea.
(3) Considering that oxygen toxicity and the related free radical attack are involved in many pathophysiological conditions, and that Allium sativum (ASP) has been used therapeutically for many of them since antiquity, we examined the intervention of ASP and alliin in free radical processes.
(4) Acyl-CoA elongase has been partially purified from leek (Allium porrum L.) epidermal cells.
(5) The eleven cases of sensitization to Allium sativum L (garlic) corresponded to women whose primary or secondary profession was that of a housewife.
(6) Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used medicinally for centuries and still is included in the traditional medicine of most cultures.
(7) It has been reported that diallyl sulfide (DS) and diallyl disulfide (DDS), major volatile compounds in garlic (Allium sativum), exert anticarcinogenic activity in several organs in rodents.
(8) We have approached the study of the ability of different types of lesions produced by DNA-damaging agents to develop sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) by analyzing SCE levels observed in Allium cepa L cells with BrdU-substituted DNA and exposed to visible light (VL), an irradiation which produces uracil residues in DNA after debromination of bromouracil and enhances SCE levels but only above a certain dose.
(9) The activity of microsomal NADPH-cytochrome-P-450-reductase and NADH-cytochrome-b5-reductase are inhibited after the addition of an aqueous extract of a pharmaceutical preparation of garlic (Allium sativum, L.) to buffer-suspended microsomes.
(10) The orientation of Giemsa C-bands has been studied in mitotic and interphase cells of Allium cepa.
(11) In addition to there being variation of flavor between different alliums, there are also considerable changes that occur as a result of cooking and processing.
(12) Dietary analyses revealed a significant protective effect of consumption of allium vegetables, oranges and tangerines, with a 50% reduced risk of nasal cancer among individuals in the highest intake group of these foods.
(13) The microtubules in the hairs show net axial orientations, but in Allium and Urtica helical microtubule patterns are also present.
(14) Samples of solid waste from a chloralkali plant were bioassayed employing the Allium micronucleus (MNC) assay.
(15) When garlic (Allium sativum) was administered to rat per os simultaneously with cadmium, methylmercury and phenylmercury to detect the protective effect against the heavy metal poisoning, accumulation of heavy metals in liver, kidneys, bone and testes were decreased, and histopathological damages and the inhibition of serum alkaline phosphatase activities by heavy metals were reduced.
(16) Lower risks were found among people who had a higher intake of fresh vegetables, including garlic and other Allium vegetables which contain constituents that can inhibit carcinogenesis by N-nitrosamines and other substances in experimental animals.
(17) The microtubules of root hairs of Raphanus sativus, Lepidium sativum, Equisetum hyemale, Limnobium stoloniferum, Ceratopteris thalictroides, Allium sativum and Urtica dioica were investigated using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy.
(18) The genomes of seven plant species belonging to the genus Allium and exhibiting a threefold variation in their nuclear DNA content were analyzed by studying their reassociation kinetics, equilibrium centrifugation behavior in neutral CsCl gradients, and melting properties.
(19) Pretreatment with Allium sativum alone, or in combination with Crataegus, resulted in protective effects on isoprenaline-induced damage of heart, liver, and pancreas.
(20) Numerous vesicles were observed among the microtubules of the "preprophase" band in prophase cells from root tips of Allium cepa.
Gallium
Definition:
(n.) A rare metallic element, found in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable, resembling aluminium, and remarcable for its low melting point (86/ F., 30/C). Symbol Ga. Atomic weight 69.9.
Example Sentences:
(1) Gallium-67 imaging is useful in the management of patients with malignant lymphoma, despite its obvious limitations.
(2) Although gallium nitrate inhibited cell growth in Tf-free medium, cellular proliferation was restored by Fe-NTA.
(3) The amount of gallium in 'blood-free' tissues was measured by correcting for gallium in residual blood and an estimate of intestinal absorption was then made by summing the values for all tissues examined.
(4) Gallium arsenide has proved to be an ideal substrate material for some uses but is associated with unique health hazards.
(5) In the culture enriched with both gallium and iron (III), X-ray fluorescence spectra revealed a gradual decrease of gallium from the spent fluid as growth progressed.
(6) The concentrations of arsenic (As) and gallium (Ga) in solution and the As-GA ratio on the surface of the GaAs increased continuously as the time of contact with the aqueous solution increased.
(7) No evidence of lymphomatous involvement of lymph nodes and non-lymphoid organs was found by CT scan, ultrasound echography and gallium scan of the chest and abdomen.
(8) As a prerequisite for preparing bispecific antibody conjugates containing anti-tumor and anti-metal chelate binding sites that can be used for pretargeted immunoscintigraphy, monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) have been raised against an octahedral metal chelate synthetized from gallium (Ga) and the hexadentate ligand N,N'bis[2-hydroxy 5-(ethylene beta carboxy) benzyl] ethylenediamine N,N' diacetic acid (Ga-HBED-CC).
(9) The technique of 67-gallium scintigraphy appears of value in assessing the intra-abdominal spread of malignant tumors of the testes.
(10) Although initial clinical trials of 72Ga were unproductive, subsequent studies with 68Ga and 67Ga, together with advances in nuclear medical instrumentation, resulted in the identification of gallium radionuclides as effective tumor- and abscess-localizing agents.
(11) In this group, gallium was not incorporated into the post-operative hematoma.
(12) To evaluate whether one can predict the course and prognosis of interstitial lung diseases from lung gallium-67 (67Ga) uptake, we studied 31 subjects with sarcoidosis and 28 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) retrospectively.
(13) Analysis of the inflammatory exudates showed that most of the gallium was in the noncellular fraction (2,500-g supernatant) in both sterile and bacteria-induced inflammation.
(14) Gallium-67 imaging has also been used to detect abdominal neoplasms, but results are less impressive.
(15) To investigate the mechanism of gallium-67 uptake in lung granulomatosis, we studied 13 rats in which lung granulomatosis was induced by injection of complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) and 14 controls.
(16) Often, the severity of symptoms led to persistent evaluation with noninvasive tests such as gallium scan, intravenous pyelogram, or barium enema.
(17) The serum gallium concentrations required to inhibit the tumor growth may be higher in small cell lung carcinomas than in nonsmall cell lung carcinomas.
(18) This report confirms that sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m is the most sensitive agent for diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of patients with Kaposi sarcoma and suggests taht gallium citrate Ga 67 or bleomycin 111In may be useful in the differentiation of Kaposi sarcoma from lymphoma.
(19) Twenty male rats were trained to run on a treadmill and were exposed to gallium-67 oxide (67Ga2O3) particles (0.1 micron activity median diffusion diameter) for 30 min while running at 30 m min-1.
(20) A series of 39 gallium scintigrams was retrospectively reviewed by the authors and reported without knowledge of the patients' clinical condition.