(n.) An oxidation product of uric acid. It is of a pale reddish color, readily soluble in water or alcohol.
Example Sentences:
(1) These and other results suggest that the experimental agents do not provide protection against alloxan inhibition by preventing the entry of alloxan into the intracellular space of the islet.
(2) From the present results it is concluded that secretion of extrapancreatic glucagon increased in response to arginine infusion in the diabetic state, both alloxan diabetic dogs and one-week post-pancreatectomized dogs.
(3) Exposure to alloxan completely abolished insulin response to 20 mM arginine, 1.6 mM glucose, and 11.1 mM glucose.
(4) The enhancement of long-chain fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis in the perfused rat liver, whether induced acutely by treatment of fed animals with anti-insulin serum or glucagon, or over the longer term by starvation or the induction of alloxan diabetes, was found to ba accompanied by a proportional elevation in the tissue carnitine content.
(5) However, after the single injection of streptozotocin and alloxan, islet cell tumors developed in 42 and 11% of surviving rats, respectively.
(6) The islets, 3 000 to 5 000, were transplanted to alloxan diabetic recipients, in a territory, preferentially with portal-hepatic drainage (mesentery and spleen).
(7) The phenomenon is suggested to be brought about by a modulator substance circulating in the blood of alloxan diabetic and glucocorticoid-treated rats.
(8) When estron was administered to castrated rats with alloxan diabetes the mass of the uterus and the vagina and the height of the uterine endometrium, and of the epithelial layer of the vagina increased to the same degree as in rats with the intact pancreas; reactivity of diabetic rats to estrogen approached the sensitivity of animals with normal pancreatic functions.
(9) Volume densities of islet B cells (= volume density of islet cells immunostained for insulin per islet volume density) decreased and pyknotic nuclei appeared in the islets during the initial 48 hr after alloxan treatment.
(10) The results of this study suggest that the cat is resistant to the diabetogenic effect of alloxan, but is susceptible to its toxic side effects.
(11) Glutamine synthetase and gamma-glutamyltransferase activities of brain and liver homogenates of rats suffering from alloxan diabetes were determined in the soluble fraction (fraction 1) and in that obtained after treatment with 0.2 percent deoxycholate (fraction 2).
(12) Properties of insulin receptors were studied in rat fatty tissue and in plasmatic membranes of liver cells under conditions of alloxan diabetes (within 3 days) and in fasting (within 2 days) as well as under conditions of simultaneous effect of these factors.
(13) Alloxan diabetes and injections of hydrocortisone into intact animals for 5-7 days resulted in a sharp decrease of NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase in rat epididymal adipose tissue.
(14) Conversely, in STZ-diabetic rats the stimulatory effect of alloxan was reduced to 22% of that elicited in nondiabetic rats.
(15) Oxidation of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides by alloxan is not mediated by glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and may occur largely nonenzymatically.
(16) Sorbitol metabolism of the endothelial cells of the aorta has been studied in normal and alloxan diabetic rats by the aid of a new time- and gradient governed elution method.
(17) A histochemical evaluation of the activity of chosen oxido-reductive enzymes of the cardiac muscle connected with the citric acid cycle, glycolysis and pentose shunt in the early experimental alloxan diabetes period in white rats has been carried out.
(18) Experimental diabetes, whether induced by alloxan or streptozotocin, decreased the incorporation of [U-14C]glucose into neutral lipids and phospholipids of both the surfactant fraction and the residual fraction of the lung by 60-80%.
(19) Insulin (and glucose) appeared to be specific in correcting the metabolic abnormalities found in the brains of animals with alloxan-induced diabetes.
(20) In the alloxan-diabetic animals no myocardial oedema developed and therefore no further increase of the originally elevated left ventricular diastolic stiffness could be observed.
Oxidation
Definition:
(n.) The act or process of oxidizing, or the state or result of being oxidized.
Example Sentences:
(1) Compound Z has the properties expected of an oxidized MPT precursor.
(2) PMNs could be primed for PMA-triggered oxidative burst by muramyl peptide molecules (MDP) and two of its adjuvant active nonpyrogenic derivatives.
(3) Arterial oxyhaemoglobin saturation (SaO2) was monitored continuously during normal labour in 33 healthy parturients receiving pethidine and nitrous oxide for analgesia.
(4) The stopped-flow technique was used to measure the rate constants for the reactions between the oxidized forms of peroxidase with luminol and the following substrates: p-iodophenol, p-bromophenol, p-clorophenol, o-iodophenol, m-iodophenol, luciferin, and 2-iodo-6-hydroxybenzothiazole.
(5) The results show that in TMO-treated animals the time to the onset of convulsions, the time to the onset of NADH oxidation-reduction cycles, and the survival time were significantly longer than in the control group.
(6) Nitrous oxide, 60% (P less than 0.025) and 80% (P less than 0.02), caused significant increases in release of beta-endorphin.
(7) Uptake could be supported either by substrate oxidation or by adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), and was inhibited in the former case by antimycin or cyanide, in the latter case by oligomycin, and in both cases by 2,4-dinitrophenol.
(8) Peripheral blood monocytes undergo an oxidative burst similar to that seen in neutrophils.
(9) Direct limiting effects of hypothermia on tissue O2 delivery and muscle oxidative metabolism as well as vasoconstriction and arteriovenous shunting associated with CPB procedures are likely to be involved in the above mentioned alterations of cell metabolism.
(10) EDRF is even more labile than prostacyclin, with a half-life of about 6 seconds, and it has recently been identified as nitric oxide.
(11) Both SAA and non-SAA enhanced ammonium excretion but only non-SAA enhanced organic anion excretion, an indicator of incomplete oxidation of organic acids.
(12) Despite the nearly anaerobic state of the ascites tumor fluid in vivo, cancer cells suspended in this fluid oxidized FFA at least as fast as they do in vitro under aerobic conditions.
(13) Steroid-treated steers showed a slight decline in synthesis which was significant (P less than 0.05) at week +5 post-implant while amino acid oxidation was significantly lower at weeks +2 (P less than 0.01) and +5 (P less than 0.05) compared with control animals.
(14) In the present work, we measured the inactivation of methionine synthase and the concurrent homocysteine export rate of two murine and four human cell lines during nitrous oxide exposure.
(15) These series were prepared by oxidation of the new hydroquinone precursors.
(16) Rhesus monkey BAT mitochondria (BATM) possess an uncoupling protein that is characteristic of BAT as evidenced by the binding of [3H]GDP, the inhibition by GDP of the high Cl- permeability or rapid alpha-glycerol-3-phosphate oxidation.
(17) Anaesthesia was achieved by a mixture of oxygen, nitrous oxide and fluothane without use of muscle relaxants.
(18) Endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine and endothelium-independent relaxations to nitric oxide were observed in rings from both strains during contraction with endothelin.
(19) Rapid reaction studies show the formation of an intermediate which is common to both the oxidation and inactivation pathways.
(20) During the carcinogens metabolism compounds are assumed to be formed, those are able to affect oxidative phosphorylation without forming any stable link with the respiratory chain components.