(1) Alveoli underlying the plasma membrane sometimes contain binding sites, particularly on their outer membranes.
(2) These changes led to a flooding of the alveoli with up to 40 times normal protein levels and a greater than fivefold increase in airway antiproteinase.
(3) This suggests that the curvature of the xenon clearance curve is the result of recording the summation of the activities from the alveoli and the pulmonary blood and not, as previously described, due to the existence of two different sub-populations of alveoli.
(4) At 1 week after infection, mycoplasma cells were found in large numbers in the bronchi at the surface of bronchial epithelial cells and, in smaller numbers, in the alveoli where active phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) occurred.
(5) Within the lung, deposition favored the inner zone (assumed to contain the larger airways) over the outer zone (assumed to be dominated by smaller airways and alveoli).
(6) The interstitium between alveoli is invaded with lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells and fibroblasts.
(7) An automatic image analyser was used to monitor pathological changes in morphological structure, especially the size and distribution of collagen fibres, the thickness of the septa and the diameters of alveoli in the lung.
(8) These convective streaming motions combine with molecular diffusion to produce augmented diffusion which transports O2 and CO2 between the trachea and the peripheral alveoli.
(9) The expression of WAP appears to be dependent upon the formation of the alveoli-like spheres: prevention of sphere formation by fixation or drying of the matrix abolishes the expression of WAP.
(10) The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of determination of lung changes in congenital deformity of heart and vessels by the method of Weibel and Elias (1967) for count of points in the lung (volume of alveoli and interstitium).
(11) Free filoviral particles were seen in pulmonary alveoli and renal tubular lumina, which correlates with epidemiological evidence of droplet and fomite transmission.
(12) These data show that alveoli do not experience the same large swings in pressure as the proximal airway does during liquid breathing and that simple measurements of mPaw can be used to approximate mPA during liquid breathing.
(13) It was hypothesized that pathogenic Pasteurella spp and other microorganisms in nasal secretions transfer from the nasopharynx into the lungs by draining along the tracheal floor into ventral bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli, and that pasteurella endotoxin, formed in infected lobules, thromboses and occludes lymphatics, capillaries, and veins and thereby causes ischemic necrosis.
(14) We measured pressure excursions at the airway opening and at the alveoli (PA) as well as measured the regional distribution of PA during forced oscillations of six excised dog lungs while frequency (f[2-32 Hz]), tidal volume (VT [5-80 ml]), and mean transpulmonary pressure (PL [25, 10, and 6 cm H2O]) were varied.
(15) After inhalation, the radioactive particles adhere to the walls of the respiratory bronchioli and alveoli.
(16) It is divided into longitudinal zones of arterial distribution; it is broken along primary septal margins into primary alveolar units; within alveoli, it is functionally divided by distortion over circum-alveolar smooth muscle bundles.
(17) Because maximum expiratory flow-volume rates in normal subjects are dependent on gas density, the resistance between alveoli and the point at which dynamic compression begins (R(us)) is mostly due to convective acceleration and turbulence.
(18) The air and fluid collection develops between two layers of the pulmonary ligament following trauma to the lung and rupture of alveoli adjacent to the pulmonary ligament.
(19) The alveolar walls showed variable degrees of thickening and fibrosis, intimal proliferation of alveolar capillaries, and "epithelialization" of alveoli.
(20) They provide a monomolecular lipid film of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) on the surface of lung alveoli to lower surface tension necessary for optimal gas exchange and a hydrophobic protective lining against environmental influences.
Cilia
Definition:
(n. pl.) The eyelashes.
(n. pl.) Small, generally microscopic, vibrating appendages lining certain organs, as the air passages of the higher animals, and in the lower animals often covering also the whole or a part of the exterior. They are also found on some vegetable organisms. In the Infusoria, and many larval forms, they are locomotive organs.
(n. pl.) Hairlike processes, commonly marginal and forming a fringe like the eyelash.
(n. pl.) Small, vibratory, swimming organs, somewhat resembling true cilia, as those of Ctenophora.
Example Sentences:
(1) Electron microscopic evaluation of microsomal fractions showed elements of the plasma membrane, including cilia and microvilli, as well as rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
(2) However, when cells were grown in medium containing 2% dimethyl sulfoxide, as many as 50% of the cells had cilia with a 9+0 microtubular pattern.
(3) The narrow intercellular ridge is smooth, whereas the epithelial cells have small cytoplasmic knobs between the cilia.
(4) Chemosensory cilia of olfactory receptor neurons contain an adenylate cyclase which is stimulated by high concentrations of odorants.
(5) An unusual monomeric cGMP-dependent protein kinase, enriched in cilia, was isolated from Paramecium cilia and whole cells.
(6) Although younger, the CF patients tended to be more obstructed in their lungs and more handicapped than the patients suffering from the immotile-cilia syndrome.
(7) Although the functional significance of S-100b protein-like immunoreactivity in the centriole, cilia, and basal bodies remains to be elucidated, the present results introduce new perspectives into the investigation of localization and function of S-100 proteins.
(8) The unique structure of these cilia has systematic and phylogenetic significance for the Acoela, and it is argued that ultrastructural characters in general, including characters of organelles, can be validly applied to the phylogeny and systematics of the Metazoa.
(9) The OCI-related membrane appeared a cause of OCI interference with fimbrial ovum capture by preventing the contact between the fimbrial cilia and the cumulus oophorus.
(10) There was gradual regeneration of epithelium which showed slow maturation from flat non-ciliated epithelium to partially cuboidal and columnar epithelium with some cilia showing early differentiation to respiratory epithelium.
(11) The pattern of microtubular organization resembles that of cilia modified for chemoreception rather than that of classic kinocilia.
(12) We observed distinct patterns in the distribution of cilia, microvilli, other cell projections, and the so called supraependymal structures.
(13) We investigated the ultrastructure of nasal cilia in 27 children suffering from recurrent infections of the upper respiratory tract, during and after the onset of an acute respiratory infection, and after a convalescent period of 12 weeks.
(14) Receptor cells with cilia were observed, and although the olfactory system undergoes further differentiation during pouch life and although the olfactory epithelium and bulb of the newborn differs from that of the adult, these facts do not preclude the ability of the newborn to detect smell.
(15) Prednisolone, a hormone morphogenetic in mammals appeared to be the most active in regenerating cilia.
(16) The isolated cells have an ovoid soma, a dendrite of variable length which terminates in a cilia-bearing knob and an axon, also of variable length.
(17) Receptors with intracellular cilia also lie below the epithelium and send dendrites bearing cilia to the surface.
(18) After 40-70 Gy, scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of vesicles on cilia, and club-like protrusions and adhesion of their tips.
(19) Cilia, primarily of the lamellibranch gill (Elliptio and Mytilus), have been examined in freeze-etch replicas.
(20) Ciliary abnormalities fell into four major categories: (1) cilia with a single axoneme and excess cytoplasmic matrix; (2) compound cilia; (3) intracytoplasmic microtubular doublets; and (4) cilia within periciliary sheaths.