What's the difference between amphibian and urodele?
Amphibian
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to the Amphibia; as, amphibian reptiles.
(n.) One of the Amphibia.
Example Sentences:
(1) Measurements of acetylcholine-induced single-channel conductance and null potentials at the amphibian motor end-plate in solutions containing Na, K, Li and Cs ions (Gage & Van Helden, 1979; J. Physiol.
(2) Representative specimens from two classes of Vertebrata Sub-Phyllum, Bufo paracnemis (amphibian) and Gallus domesticus (avian) were made anemic by phenylhydrazine treatment.
(3) The auditory function of the sacculus in amphibians is confirmed and special attention is paid to functional heterogeneity of the receptor epithelium in the saccular maculae.
(4) Both tympanic and nontympanic pathways of sound reception are utilized by anuran amphibians.
(5) Recent interest has focused on endogenous cardiac glycosides, some progesterone derivatives (pregnanes) and the amphibian bufodienolides.
(6) The neotenic urodelan amphibian species model represents actually the only model in which the coexistence of larval (or neonatal) and adult heavy chains is maintained throughout life in adults.
(7) In terms of their chemical structures as well as the potency and efficacy with which they alter acinar cell function, the amphibian peptides plus CCK-OP can be grouped into three pairs: caerulein with CCK-OP, bombesin with litorin, and physalaemin with eledoisin.
(8) The same membrane specialization was noted in a previous study of amphibian myoneural junctions, and it was proposed then that the granular elements represent ACh receptor molecules.
(9) In relation to the human class I enzyme, the amphibian protein has residue identities exactly halfway (68%) between those for the corresponding avian enzyme (74%) and the human class III enzyme (62%), suggesting an origin of the alcohol dehydrogenase classes very early in or close to the evolution of the vertebrate line.
(10) The four hosts (Mollusc -- Crustacean -- Odonat -- Amphibian) are obligatory in the life cycle for it is impossible to infect the Insects directly with the cecariae or the frog (tadpoles as well as adults) with the mesocercariae.
(11) Sections of Rat and Amphibian adrenocortical tissue fixed in a mixture of 1% formaldehyde and 0.25% glutaraldehyde, are incubated in a medium containing namely a 3 beta-hydroxysteroid (substrate), NAD, potassium ferricyanide (hydrogen acceptor) and copper sulfate.
(12) The results confirm observations that different amphibian species react in different ways to activating chemicals.
(13) The role of mitochondria has not yet been conclusively established, but is suggested by several lines of evidence, particularly in amphibian hearts.
(14) The subcellular responses of amphibian adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) and thyrotropic (TSH) pituitary cells to the in vivo administration of ovine corticotropin-releasing factor was investigated.
(15) Using material on the evolution of the fundus of the oral cavity in amphibians, four principles were established for the origin of heterochronia: efficiency of ontogenesis; adaptability of an earlier (than in ancestors) beginning for functioning of traits; loss of the adaptive significance of a trait at a previous stage, but a preservation of it at a subsequent stage; and, a prolongation of the adaptive significance of a trait at later stages.
(16) While it is believed that the effect of ethanol on human renal water homeostasis is indirect, amphibian membrane experiments have demonstrated direct effects albeit at high concentrations.
(17) In the tetraploid amphibian Odontophrynus americanus the selective precipitation of vitellogenin by Mg2+ from plasma treated with ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or ethylene bis (oxyethylenenitrilo)-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) is a pH-dependent phenomenon.
(18) The early amphibian embryo provides an attractive model for the in vivo analysis of cell interactions with extracellular matrix components.
(19) In this manner, the first terminal structures of three non-mammalian alcohol dehydrogenases were determined, demonstrating the presence of N-terminal acetylation in these piscine, amphibian, and avian enzymes.
(20) There is clearly an MHC in amphibians and birds with many characteristics like the MHC of mammals (a single genetic region encoding polymorphic class I and class II molecules) and evidence for polymorphic class I and class II molecules in reptiles.
Urodele
Definition:
(n.) One of the Urodela.
Example Sentences:
(1) A teased fiber technique established that the ratio of internodal distance and fiber diameter in urodele nerves was essentially similar to that in Anolis.
(2) The present observations indicate that the previous descriptions of the urodele carotid labyrinth should be corrected: a vascular ring exists around the common carotid artery and the latter shows a corresponding narrowing at the entrance to the carotid labyrinth; the vascular ring forms the most proximal part of the external carotid rete; the central chamber occupies only a part of the proximal end of the carotid labyrinth; the internal carotid rete and the external carotid rete constitute a continuous rete mirabile; and a distinct furrow exists in the boundary between these two portions of the rete mirabile.
(3) That substance P may be a neurotrophic factor in urodele limb regeneration was investigated in the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).
(4) Based upon the use of specific antibodies and sucrose gradient sedimentation analysis, the present work describes the use of the post-transcriptional equipment of the urodele egg to compare the information contained in two RNA samples extracted from respectively liver and activated axolotl eggs.
(5) The urodele Ambystoma tigrinum adapts to a distilled water environment by decreasing renal sodium excretion, but the site and mechanism of renal adaptation is unknown.
(6) Urodele amphibians possess a remarkable ability to regenerate limbs following experimental or accidental amputation.
(7) The effect of growth factors on the formation of cardiac mesoderm in the urodele, Ambystoma mexicanum (axolotl), has been examined using an in vitro explant system.
(8) Histochemical assays showed that M. oculata embryos develop 36 to 38 AChE-positive cells, consistent with the number of tail muscle cells expressed in other urodele ascidians.
(9) The antibody labelled two bands of 35 and 56 kDa in Western blots of urodele retinal preparations separated by gel electrophoresis.
(10) To obtain more insight into the vasotocinergic and mesotocinergic systems of amphibians and the evolution of these neuropeptidergic systems in vertebrates in general, the distribution of vasotocin (AVT) and mesotocin (MST) was studied immunohistochemically in the brains of the anuran Rana ridibunda and the urodele Pleurodeles waltlii.
(11) Western blot and immunofluorescence studies show that p58 expression is correlated with the ability of hybrid embryos to express urodele features.
(12) All the antibodies described here cross-react with the lampbrush chromosomes of five other species of Urodeles.
(13) In the urodele species Salamandra salamandra and Batrachoseps attenuatus, the distribution of the neuropeptides substance P (SP), leucine-enkephalin (LENK), and bombesine (BOMB) was investigated by means of immunohistochemistry in brain areas containing retinofugal projection sites (tectum mesencephali, praetectum, thalamus) as well as in brain regions postsynaptic to the tectum.
(14) Animals at various stages of metamorphosis were employed to study the relationship between specific biochemical and histological changes that occur in the tail of this urodele during metamorphosis.
(15) In early spermatids of Urodeles the chromosome segments bearing constitutive heterochromatin are localized in one half of the round nucleus; this region becomes the basal part of the long nucleus of the spermatozoon.
(16) Urodeles, like the newt, are able to replace their limbs and tail following amputation by the formation of a blastema, a mass of proliferating mesenchymal cells originating from the tissue adjacent to the cut surface.
(17) This study examines the number of AChE-positive cells that develop in the anural ascidian Molgula occulta relative to that in the closely related urodele (tailed) species, Molgula oculata.
(18) In anurans, but not in a urodele, the TN was also found to contain Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2 (FMRFamide) immunoreactivity.
(19) After amputation of the limb of an adult urodele amphibian at any point along the proximodistal axis, blastemal cells (the progenitor cells of the regenerate) give rise only to the missing structures.
(20) As demonstrated in this study, Müller cells of urodeles (Batrachoseps attenuatus and Pleurodeles waltlii) are OAP-positive, whereas two anurans (Rana esculenta and Xenopus laevis) do not reveal any OAP in their Müller cell membranes.