What's the difference between amylolytic and granulose?
Amylolytic
Definition:
(a.) Effecting the conversion of starch into soluble dextrin and sugar; as, an amylolytic ferment.
Example Sentences:
(1) This result demonstrates that branching enzyme belongs to a family of the amylolytic enzymes.
(2) Amylolytic activity was greater in the larval diverticula than in the adult caecum, whereas the reverse was true for tryptic activity.
(3) Possibility of amylolytic activity enhancement was studied after thermoinduction.
(4) Lactobacilli and streptococci were a stable component of the microflora of craw wall, in contrast with the decreasing counts of anaerobic amylolytic and lactate-utilizing bacteria.
(5) Eight strains of highly amylolytic, sporeforming bacilli (hereafter referred to as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) were compared with respect to their taxonomic relationship to B. subtilis.
(6) In acute experiments, the amylolytic, invertase, glycyl-L-tyrosindipeptidase, monoglyceridlipase,and alkaline phosphatase activity of the mucosa homogenate of the rat small intestine was studied 4, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after a two-hour exposure to 36-37 and 40-41 degrees C. No decrease in the activity of any of the ferments was observed.
(7) Optimal conditions for the enzyme action were found to be: for total citolytic and hemicellulase activities pH 5.2-6.2 and 45-55 degrees, for endo-beta-glucanase activity pH 4.2-5.2 and 58-62 degrees, for proteolytic activity pH 4.0-4.8 and 64-68 degrees, and for amylolytic activity pH 3.6-4.2 and 60-66 degrees C.
(8) administration of alpha-amylase, the rise of the amylolytic activity, of amylase excretion with peripheral blood, was shown.
(9) The synthesis of amylolytic enzymes by Pichia burtonii strain CBS 6141 requires the presence of etarch, maltose, and saccharose.
(10) Endogenous auxin is not required for the increase in amylolytic activtiy induced by gibberellic acid in barley endosperm, as shown by the response of the system to anti-auxin.
(11) When AC fragment and random PstI restricts of phage DNA were ligated and used to transform Bacillus subtilis 1A289 (phi 105 cts139) the Amy+ CmR transformants were obtained having the different levels of increased amylolytic activity (maximum--26 fold).
(12) Both the response to amylolytic enzymes and the spectral characteristics of the iodine complexes of the polysaccharide particles were similar to those of rabbit liver glycogen.
(13) This indicates that the amylase gene from S. bovis may differ from the amylases of these other amylolytic bacteria.
(14) The molecular structure of the enzyme deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the clone maintains limited similarity in the conserved regions to the other amylolytic enzymes.
(15) In the obtained protein fractions endogenous amylolytic and inhibitory activities tested against bovine pancreas trypsin and alpha-amylases of mammalian and insect origin were determined.
(16) The dinitrophenylamylase also possesses the basal amylolytic activity characteristic of the unmodified Cl- free enzyme, indicating that the catalytic machinery of the enzyme is not affected by dinitrophenylation.
(17) A coculture system containing S. ruminantium as a dextrin-utilizing species and each of the three amylolytic bacteria was developed to test whether the products of starch hydrolysis were available for crossfeeding to another ruminal bacterium.
(18) This study has shown that a wide range of bacterial species commonly isolated from human dental plaques exhibit both amylolytic and dextranolytic activities.
(19) Using paper eletrophoresis two amylolytic enzymes in human urine were demonstrated.
(20) The amylolytic enzymes, previously concentrated by ammonium sulfate precipitation, were separated into a glucoamylase fraction and an alpha-amylase fraction by Ultrogel AcA 54 gel filtration.
Granulose
Definition:
(n.) The main constituent of the starch grain or granule, in distinction from the framework of cellulose. Unlike cellulose, it is colored blue by iodine, and is converted into dextrin and sugar by boiling acids and amylolytic ferments.
Example Sentences:
(1) In vitro maturation was accomplished by use of follicular fluid from small (2--5 mm) and large (above 15 mm) follicles and by addition to the medium of a granulose factor (GF) which had been isolated from the surface of granulosa cells.
(2) Follicles collected from cows destined to enter relatively normal or short luteal phases if induced to ovulate were compared for numbers of receptors for luteinizing hormone (LH) in granulosal and thecal cells and for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in granulosal cells.
(3) Thecal and granulosal cells were isolated, and numbers of receptors for LH and FSH in granulosal cells and for LH in thecal cells were quantified.
(4) Growth factors [insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I, IGF-II), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta), epidermal growth factors (EGF)], found in the ovary and known to alter granulosal function, were assessed for their ability to modulate porcine thecal steroidogenesis.
(5) Histological indices of atresia for bovine follicles greater than or equal to 5 mm in diameter were compared with potential non-histological indices of atresia such as opaqueness of the exposed surface of non-excised follicles, concentrations of steroids in follicular fluid (FF) and specific binding of gonadotropins by granulosal cells.
(6) This experiment was conducted to compare the ability of USDA porcine FSH-B-1 (pFSH), USDA porcine LH-B-1 (pLH), and pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to grow large follicles and induce granulosal cell aromatase activity in prepuberal gilts.
(7) Follicles stimulated to ovulate during the luteal phase contained low numbers of steroidogenically-deficient granulosal-lutein cells.
(8) The granulose of Clostridium pasteurianum ATCC 6013 is degraded when the organism is incubated in a medium containing no utilizable source of carbon and energy.
(9) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a macrophage-derived cytokine that is also reportedly produced by granulosal cells and is localized in luteal cells.
(10) Thecal tissues more readily synthesized cholesterol than did granulosal cells when incubated separately, but in the intact follicle the newly synthesized cholesterol distributed evenly between the two tissue layers, indicating that the theca could act as a supplementary source of cholesterol for the granulosal cells.
(11) Partial purification of granulose synthase from wild-type strains was facilitated by its being bound to the native particles of granulose.
(12) Using the electron microscope, enriched gold grains signalizing a positive albumin response were detected over lipid droplets of granulosal, thecal and luteal cells.
(13) Antigonadotropic activity in both luteal and granulosal cells coeluted directly with GnRH-BI activity during purification from bovine ovaries, and the antigonadotropic effects were dose dependent and reversible.
(14) In contrast, LH initiated growth and increased granulosal cell aromatase activity in a small number of follicles and accelerated atresia among the remaining follicles.
(15) Cyclic 3'5'adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was determined in thecal and granulosal tissue.
(16) The atresia of the primordial and primary follicles was manifested by disappearance of the oocyte and preservation of the granulose cells surrounded by basal lamina.
(17) These mutants lacked either (a) ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.27), or (b) granulose synthase (i.e.
(18) Developing follicles (8--12 granulosal layers) reappear by the afternoon of day 3; follicular development is still retarded by the afternoon of proestrus (day 4).
(19) Histone H2A competitively inhibits binding of GnRH to high affinity rat ovarian receptor sites and blocks gonadotropin-stimulated steroid and cAMP accumulation during culture of rat granulosal or luteal cells.
(20) Although both of these enzymes were constitutively synthesized by the wild-type organism, massive deposition of granulose in a sporulating culture coincided with a threefold increase in the specific activity of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.