(n.) The constructive metabolism of the body, as distinguished from katabolism.
Example Sentences:
(1) This investigation examined the role of anabolic steroids on baseline heart rate (HR) and HR responses to the threat of capture in Macaca fascicularis.
(2) Stimulation of development and eruption of the teeth after administration of anabolic drugs.
(3) Anabolic steroid therapy for Fanconi's anemia has also been considered a promoter for hepatocellular neoplasms.
(4) In the brain, the second period of embryogenesis should be characterized by a lower utilisation of the catabolic pathways and by an increase of the anabolic ones.
(5) Both athletes and technicians awarded higher scores to risk than to efficacy for any substance, although 42-67% of athletes and technicians regarded amphetamines and anabolic steroids as efficacious.
(6) Administration of the androgenic anabolic steroid, stanozolol, is associated with decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (primarily due to decreased HDL2 cholesterol) and increased levels of postheparin plasma hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) activity.
(7) However, several days of the training seemed to reduce the anabolic to catabolic balance but further experiments are needed to confirm this finding.
(8) Thirteen percent of physicians are still prescribing the anabolic steroid Durabolin (nandrolone phenylpropionate) as an appetite stimulant long after promotion for this purpose has been dropped.
(9) To assess physiological and psychological states accompanying anabolic-androgenic steroid use, male weight lifters 1) were interviewed regarding their physical training and the patterns and effects of any drug use; 2) completed a written physical and medical history questionnaire, a Profile of Mood States questionnaire, and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory; and 3) were physically examined, including a blood sample and urinalysis.
(10) The present study was done to determine whether doubling the GH dose would enhance its anabolic effects and facilitate fat loss.
(11) The addition of 0.2% NaHCO3 to the carbohydrate-supplemented medium enhanced the efficiency of the anabolic activity of growing cells, but did not promote bacterial growth.
(12) Other approaches involve the provision of alternate pathways for nitrogen disposal and by direct stimulation of nitrogen anabolism through the administration of branched-chain amino acids or their keto acid analogues.
(13) Anabolic implants increased (P less than .01) daily empty body protein gain from 91 to 119 and 133 g for Ralgro and Synovex, an increase of 31 and 46%, respectively.
(14) Some of the ammonia produced by hydrolysis of urea by Ureaplasma urealyticum is channelled into an anabolic pathway with resultant 'de novo' synthesis of citrulline.
(15) Anabolic steroids have been widely recommended in the management of debility in association with the diseases of old age.
(16) Parathyroid hormone, injected daily in low dosage, exerted anabolic effects on the human skeleton, just as it does in the rat.
(17) In addition, we found that rhIGF-I infusion is insufficient to promote protein anabolism.
(18) In patients on calcitonin+anabolic steroid the decrease was just significant and only at radius midshaft, while at the other measured sites it was not.
(19) Overall, the differential response to the two agents suggested that clenbuterol does not mediate its effects via the GH axis, and that an additive response in terms of protein anabolism may be achieved from the use of a combination of clenbuterol plus GH.
(20) As a case example of the application of this approach, the mode of action of many inhibitors of mitochondrial anabolism is discussed in terms of the mechanisms introduced here.
Metabolism
Definition:
(n.) The act or process, by which living tissues or cells take up and convert into their own proper substance the nutritive material brought to them by the blood, or by which they transform their cell protoplasm into simpler substances, which are fitted either for excretion or for some special purpose, as in the manufacture of the digestive ferments. Hence, metabolism may be either constructive (anabolism), or destructive (katabolism).
Example Sentences:
(1) In studies of calcium metabolism in 13 unselected patients with untreated sarcoidosis all were normocalcaemic but five had hypercalcuria.
(2) The high amino acid levels in the cells suggest that these cells act as inter-organ transporters and reservoirs of amino acids, they have a different role in their handling and metabolism from those of mammals.
(3) Theophylline kinetics, as an in vivo probe for the potentially toxic cytochrome P-450I pathway of drug metabolism, were studied in 11 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with calcific chronic pancreatitis at Madras, South India.
(4) These results demonstrate that increased availability of galactose, a high-affinity substrate for the enzyme, leads to increased aldose reductase messenger RNA, which suggests a role for aldose reductase in sugar metabolism in the lens.
(5) The ability of azelastine to influence antigen-induced contractile responses (Schultz-Dale phenomenon) in isolated tracheal segments of the guinea-pig was investigated and compared with selected antiallergic drugs and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.
(6) These studies show that metabolic activation is necessary for the expression of the mutagenic activity of aflatoxins B1 and G1 in N. crassa.
(7) A progressively more precise approach to identifying affected individuals involves measuring body weight and height, then energy intake (or expenditure) and finally the basal metabolic rate (BMR).
(8) The penetration of (22)Na was not prevented by the presence of metabolic inhibitors or by 500 mm NaCl in the suspending medium.
(9) The data suggest that major differences may exist between ruminants and non-ruminants in the response of liver metabolism both to lactation per se and to the effects of growth hormone and insulin.
(10) This new observation offers good possibilities to study the metabolism of tryptophan at the cellular level.
(11) Also we found that the lipid deposition in the glomeruli of patients with Alagille syndrome is related to an abnormal lipid metabolism, which is the consequence of severe cholestasis.
(12) The obvious need for highly effective contraception in women with existing disorders of glucose metabolism has led to a search for oral contraceptive (OC) regimens for such women that are efficient but without unacceptable metabolic side effects.
(13) Angiopathic and traumatic influences conditioned by metabolism, apart from local peculiarities are taken into consideration.
(14) These results could be explained by altered tissue blood flow and a decreased metabolic capacity of the liver in obese subjects.
(15) MAF-G activity was inhibited by mitomycin C and colchicine, which inhibit DNA synthesis and mitosis, respectively, but not by 2-deoxy-D-glucose, an inhibitor of glucose metabolism.
(16) The measurement of the intestinal metabolism of the nitrogen moiety of glutamic acid has been investigated by oral ingestion of l-[15N]glutamic acid and sampling of arterialized blood.
(17) No significant fatty acid binding by proteins was detected in S. cerevisiae, even when grown on a fatty acid-rich medium, thus indicating that such proteins are not essential to fatty acid metabolism.
(18) These two types of transfer functions are appropriate to explain the transition to anaerobic metabolism (anaerobic threshold), with a hyperbolic transfer characteristic representing a graded transition; and a sigmoid transfer characteristic representing an abrupt transition.
(19) The sexual dimorphism in hepatic drug metabolism found in Crl:CD-1 mice is due to the normally repressive effects of testicular androgens on the activities of hepatic monooxygenases.
(20) In contrast, HEL antigen requires metabolically active cells for both of these processes.