(n.) An organic base belonging to the phenylamines. It may be regarded as ammonia in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced by the radical phenyl. It is a colorless, oily liquid, originally obtained from indigo by distillation, but now largely manufactured from coal tar or nitrobenzene as a base from which many brilliant dyes are made.
(a.) Made from, or of the nature of, aniline.
Example Sentences:
(1) Pretreatment of rats with 6-(3-picolyl)amino-2,2,5,8-tetramethylchromane (PATC) for 7 days resulted in a significant increase in the activities of benzphetamine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase in liver microsomes prepared 24 h after the last treatment.
(2) Comparison of the specific activities for aniline hydroxylation and p-nitrophenol hydroxylation of individual microsomal samples from control, ethanol-pretreated and phenobarbital-pretreated animals showed a high degree of correlation (r2 = 0.98) consistent with the involvement of the same site for catalysis of these two compounds.
(3) Chlordimeform had no effect on the cytochrome P-450 content, aniline p-hydroxylase or glutathione S-transferase activities, but induced ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase and epoxide hydrolase activities and decreased aldrin epoxidase and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities.
(4) Intestinal aniline hydroxylation was refractory to ethanol induction.
(5) Incubation of aniline-metabolizing hepatocytes with disulfiram resulted in decreased formation of 4-aminophenol, but this was not associated with impaired glucuronidation or cytochrome P-450 levels.
(6) At 20 degrees C, in a phosphate buffer, pH 5,8--8,0, methanol and aniline interactions with hemoglobin and cytochrome c were studied using the difference spectrophotometry method.
(7) Activities of amidopyrine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase, NADPH, cytochrome c reductase as well as content of cytochromes P-450 and b5 were studied in liver tissue of rats within 1, 3, 7, 10, 20 and 30 days of hypokinesia caused by maintaining of the animals in individual cell-cases.
(8) In contrast, menadione does not change the type II binding spectrum induced by aniline.
(9) Enzymatic polymerization took place on the surface of BOD-adsorbed solid matrix which was in contact with a buffer solution containing aniline.
(10) In NADPH-containing microsomal systems with 4-fluoro-substituted anilines, formation of the 4-hydroxyaniline derivative is observed because NADPH chemically reduces this quinoneimine metabolite.
(11) The activity of aniline hydroxylase was significantly increased in liver microsomes of EHBR whereas the activity of ethylmorphine N-demethylase was found to be significantly decreased in EHBR as compared to control rats.
(12) When compared to the first day, methemoglobin (MetHb) levels, measured prior to and following the exposure, increased with the days of exposure at 50 ppm aniline.
(13) Although metabolic attack occurred adjacent to either the aniline nitrogen or the aliphatic amine, metabolic attack occurred primarily adjacent to the more basic nitrogen at the 1'-position, even when this position bore a methyl substituent.
(14) Carbon monoxide inhibits the hydroxylase activity of the tissue-free system to a smaller extent than that of a system containing microsomes plus haemoglobin whereas p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibits only the flavoprotein-dependent hydroxylation of aniline mediated by haemoglobin.
(15) The profiles of urinary metabolites produced by rats and mice were not appreciably different in animals predosed with aniline.
(16) The results indicate that aniline degrading populations of these various microbial communities exhibit different activities probably depending on the extent of adaptation to pollutants to which the microbes are exposed.
(17) A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of nanomole quantities of aniline; its metabolites o- and p-aminophenol, phenylhydroxylamine, nitrosobenzene and nitrobenzene; and azobenzene and azoxybenzene which form non-enzymatically by condensation of reactive metabolites.
(18) A series of ortho-quinone analogues 1-28 of podophyllotoxin possessing various C-4 beta-aniline moieties have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against human DNA topoisomerase II, their activity in causing cellular protein-linked DNA breakage, and their cytotoxicity against KB cells.
(19) The inhibitory effect of the nitroso-compound is demonstrated to be non-competitive on aminopyrine N-demethylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase.
(20) Compared with the control values, the levamisole treatment significantly increased the amount of cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5 and the in-vitro activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase, benzphetamine N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase.
Synthesize
Definition:
(v. t.) To combine by synthesis; to unite.
(v. t.) To produce by synthesis; as, to synthesize albumin.
Example Sentences:
(1) However, both were identical in size when synthesized in COS-1 cells in the presence of tunicamycin or when deglycosylated after their synthesis in Xenopus oocytes.
(2) Analogues of [Orn6]-SP6-11 have been synthesized in which the Met11 residue is replaced by glutamate gamma-alkylesters.
(3) To explore an early step, we synthesized 5 beta-cholest-7-ene-3 beta,6 alpha,14 alpha-triol in tritiated form.
(4) We conclude that human hepatic lipocytes synthesize TIMP-1, a potent metalloproteinase inhibitor, and that TIMP-1 expression increases with lipocyte activation.
(5) E-RFC enriched for T lymphocytes and depleted of macrophages synthesized considerable DNA in response to stimulation with PHA, but were unable to produce significant bone resorbing activity in tissue culture unless macrophages were re-added to the E-RFC.
(6) Nine of the in vivo synthesized early polypeptides can be precipitated specifically from infected cell extracts by antisera with specificity against early adenovirus proteins.
(7) This suggests that the latter group does not possess the genetic equipment (Ir genes) to recognize the antigenic determinants and to synthesize the corresponding antibodies.
(8) RNA transcribed in vitro from the early region of bacteriophage T3 or T7 was translated by cytoplasmic ribosomes which synthesized protein in cell-free systems prepared from mammalian cells and wheat germ.
(9) A sperm whale myoglobin gene containing multiple unique restriction sites has been constructed in pUC 18 by sequential assembly of chemically synthesized oligonucleotide fragments.
(10) The number of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) producing IgM (spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulated) at the end of a seven day culture period was similar in PBC patients and control subjects while the amount of IgM synthesized (spontaneous and PWM stimulated) during this period was significantly greater in the patient group, implying that the amount of IgM produced per B cell was increased in PBC.
(11) We have shown that human monocytes can synthesize both urokinase-type PA (u-PA) and tissue-type PA (t-PA).
(12) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(13) The nature, intracellular distribution, and role of proteins synthesized during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro have been examined.
(14) When cultures were pulse labeled for 15 min and then incubated under chase conditions for 105 min, the amount of degraded collagen attained a value equal to approximately 20% of the amount synthesized during the labeling period; the data were fit with a simple exponential function that had a 40-min rise time and a 12-min lag time.
(15) In this study, tritiated leucine placed on the isolated maternal side of amniochorion with adherent decidua was incorporated into newly synthesized tritiated human decidual prolactin.
(16) The peptides, which were synthesized using a FMOC solid phase procedure and purified by HPLC, consisted of residues 6-25 from the putative aqueous domain, residues 22-35, which overlaps the putative aqueous and transmembrane domains, and residues 1-38 and 1-40 representing nearly the full length of beta-AP.
(17) We have previously shown that about 90% of total Escherichia coli lac repressor synthesized in mammalian cells is located in the cytoplasm [Hu and Davidson, Cell 48 (1987) 555-566].
(18) Newly synthesized poly(A) associated mRNA with S value of 25 and a stimulation of poly(A) lacking mRNA of 8--9 S and 16--17 S were found in the CA3 nerve cells of trained but not in active controls.
(19) These results suggest that bPAG is probably synthesized by trophoblast binucleate cells and stored in granules prior to delivery into the maternal circulation after cell migration.
(20) Deuterium-labeled aspirin (2-acetoxy[3,4,5,6-2H4]benzoic acid) was synthesized from salicylic acid by catalytic exchange and subsequent acetylation.