(n.) An organized living being endowed with sensation and the power of voluntary motion, and also characterized by taking its food into an internal cavity or stomach for digestion; by giving carbonic acid to the air and taking oxygen in the process of respiration; and by increasing in motive power or active aggressive force with progress to maturity.
(n.) One of the lower animals; a brute or beast, as distinguished from man; as, men and animals.
(a.) Of or relating to animals; as, animal functions.
(a.) Pertaining to the merely sentient part of a creature, as distinguished from the intellectual, rational, or spiritual part; as, the animal passions or appetites.
(a.) Consisting of the flesh of animals; as, animal food.
Example Sentences:
(1) These variants may serve as useful gene markers in alcohol research involving animal model studies with inbred strains in mice.
(2) This trend appeared to reverse itself in the low dose animals after 3 hr, whereas in the high dose group, cardiac output continued to decline.
(3) It is supposed that delta-sleep peptide along with other oligopeptides is one of the factors determining individual animal resistance to emotional stress, which is supported by significant delta-sleep peptide increase in hypothalamus in stable rats.
(4) The animals were sacrificed every 12 hr from D12.0 through D17.0.
(5) Nutritionally rehabilitated animals had similar numbers of nucleoli to control rats.
(6) After two weeks all animals were killed and autopsies of the animals were performed.
(7) Spectrophotometric determination of the sulfhydryl content in the animal tissue before (control) and after using 6,6'-Dithiodinicotinic acid is applied.
(8) When chimeric animals were subjected to a lethal challenge of endotoxin, their response was markedly altered by the transferred lymphoid cells.
(9) Increased dietary protein intake led to increased MDA per nephron, increased urinary excretion of MDA, and increased MDA per milligram protein in subtotally nephrectomized animals, and markedly increased the glutathione redox ratio.
(10) Measurement of the intraspinal monoamine level revealed a decrease in the intraspinal norepinephrine level in the treated animals.
(11) Pretraining consumption did not predict (among animals) post-training consumption.
(12) A group I subset (six animals), for which predominant cultivable microbiota was described, had a mean GI of 2.4.
(13) As the percentage of rabbit feed is very small compared to the bulk of animal feeds, there is a fair chance that rabbit feed will be contaminated with constituents (additives) of batches previously prepared for other animals.
(14) Using mini-pigs with an indwelling vascular catheter, the pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol were investigated in healthy and liver-damaged animals.
(15) Tests showed the cells survive and function normally in animals and reverse movement problems caused by Parkinson's in monkeys.
(16) Neuroleptics (chlorpromazine, reserpine and haloperidol) had not such an influence, though they somewhat increased the general activity of the animals.
(17) To examine the central nervous system regulation of duodenal bicarbonate secretion, an animal model was developed that allowed cerebroventricular and intravenous injections as well as collection of duodenal perfusates in awake, freely moving rats.
(18) Since 1987, it has become possible to obtain immature ova from the living animal and to let them mature, fertilize and develop into embryos capable of transplantation outside the body.
(19) In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals.
(20) In animal experiments pharmacological properties of the low molecular weight heparin derivative CY 216 were determined.
Outgrowth
Definition:
(n.) That which grows out of, or proceeds from, anything; an excrescence; an offshoot; hence, a result or consequence.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) treatment of Neuro 2A neuroblastoma cells induces cell differentiation and neurite outgrowth.
(2) Histochemical and immunocytochemical staining of the outgrowths with reagents that depict epithelial, myoepithelial, and lactating alveolar cells (peanut lectin alone, monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to rat caseins) indicate similar cell compositions and arrangements for all outgrowths irrespective of their source; these are also similar to the mammary glands of the perphenazine-stimulated or lactating hosts.
(3) This study demonstrates that a second classical neurotransmitter, dopamine, can act to suppress regenerative neurite outgrowth.
(4) Salt concentrations slightly lower than those providing inhibition tended to extend spore outgrowth time at low temperatures.
(5) Urban ambulance systems emerged in the second half of the 19th century as an outgrowth of military experiences in both Europe and America.
(6) Adhesion to a substrate results in outgrowth of the cells and monolayer formation, even when extensive cell damage had occurred.
(7) These results suggest that purified laminin can facilitate and guide process outgrowth of 5-HT, DA and NE neurons during early developmental stage, but does not induce sprouting on these same fiber types in the adult brain.
(8) These data suggest that the induction of tau and MAP1 in response to NGF promotes microtubule assembly and that these factors are therefore key regulators of neurite outgrowth.
(9) However, whereas a critical value of N-CAM expression is required for increased neurite outgrowth, with small increases above this value having substantial effects, N-cadherin promotes neurite outgrowth in a highly linear manner.
(10) Outgrowth of neurites from neuronal cells was promoted by precoating the metal surface with either laminin or neurite promotion factor.
(11) Previous work from our laboratory had shown that goldfish retinal fragments explanted onto a polylysine substratum 1 to 2 weeks following optic nerve crush exhibit a striking clockwise pattern of neuritic outgrowth.
(12) The 33 kDa C-terminal cell and heparin-binding fragment of FN, in particular, is a strong promoter of CNS neurite outgrowth.
(13) Spontaneous outgrowth of immortalized Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infected B-cell clones will occur from cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) of some persons with a history of EBV infection.
(14) The time of axonal outgrowth and the location of the cells in the developing embryo were determined by filling RS neurons retrogradely with horseradish peroxidase from their growing axons over a series of developmental stages.
(15) We have, therefore, developed a tool that allows us to measure microtubule polymerization equilibria out the neurites of cells in culture, which will allow us to test hypotheses that factors which affect neurite outgrowth do so by means of effects on microtubule polymerization equilibria.
(16) Molecular characterization of such genes could lead to the identification of molecules critical in axonal outgrowth and guidance in higher organisms.
(17) Recombinant F-spondin promotes the attachment of spinal cord and sensory neuron cells and the outgrowth of neurites in vitro.
(18) Synchrony was documented by nuclear staining and fluorescence microscopy, and by determining the variation of the buoyant density of the cells during outgrowth.
(19) Extraction of the recombinant proteins from inclusion bodies by guanidinium chloride, followed by two column chromatography steps, produced high yields of pure CNTF that supported survival and neurite outgrowth from embryonic chick ciliary neurons in culture.
(20) Reducing the inoculum to 10(4) delayed but did not prevent spore outgrowth and toxin release at pH levels below 4.6.