(n.) An electro-negative element, or the element which, in electro-chemical decompositions, is evolved at the anode; -- opposed to cation.
Example Sentences:
(1) Both SAA and non-SAA enhanced ammonium excretion but only non-SAA enhanced organic anion excretion, an indicator of incomplete oxidation of organic acids.
(2) In the presence of high external Cl, a component of outward current that was inhibited by the anion channel blocker diphenylamine-2-carboxylate (DPC) appeared in 70% of the cells.
(3) Cell viability, ability to generate superoxide anion, and chemotaxis were found to be unaltered both before and after labeling.
(4) Interaction of viable macrophages with cationic particles at 37 degrees C resulted in their "internalization" within vesicles and coated pits and a closer apposition between many segments of plasmalemma than with neutral or anionic substances.
(5) In general, enzyme activity was strongly reduced by heavy metal inorganic cations; less strongly by organometallic cations, some anions, and certain pesticides; and weakly inhibited by light metal cations and organometallic and organic compounds.
(6) The order in which anions supported uptake was Cl- = SCN- greater than F- greater than NO3- = SO2(-4) for beta-alanine, whereas it was SCN- greater than F- = Cl- = NO3- greater than SO2(-4) for L-alpha-alanine.
(7) Moreover, it is the recombinant p70 polypeptides of slowest mobility that coelute with S6 kinase activity on anion-exchange chromatography.
(8) Superoxide anion (O2.-) was photogenerated upon illumination of riboflavin in fluorescent light.
(9) At hypothyroid patients there is an ADP excess which is degenerated to xanthine, the substrate of xanthine oxidase resulting in toxic anion superoxide and UA.
(10) The sigmoidal shape of the curve of rate constant vs mole percent anionic lipid is consistent with a positively cooperative effect of the negative surface charge.
(11) The changes included swelling, blunting, and flattening of epithelial foot processes, were accompanied by decreased stainability of glomerular anionic sites, and were largely reversed by subsequent perfusion with the polyanion heparin.
(12) The granules of human large granular lymphocytes have been reported to contain, in addition to perforin, a soluble HRF activity that can be eluted from anion-exchange columns at 115 mM NaCl.
(13) The channels studied here were more selective for monovalent cations than anions, but also showed some permeability to anions and larger electrolytes, suggesting a large functional pore diameter.
(14) The reduction of cytochrome c was found to be sensitive to both anaerobiosis and superoxide dismutase, suggesting the involvement of superoxide anions with this electron acceptor.
(15) The porins are a class of voltage-dependent, anion-selective, channel-forming proteins located in the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM).
(16) In 254 findings of the acid-base balance ions and proteins, the authors evaluated mutual relations between the acid-base balance and calculation from the anion column.
(17) Proceeding from the observation that organic anions bound to albumin have hepatic extraction fractions that are unexpectedly high, we have studied a distributed model that accounts for this phenomenon by invoking sites on the cell surface that catalyze the dissociation of albumin-anion complexes.
(18) 6) The subunits alpha and beta of bovine follitropin were obtained by incubation in acidic urea, the chains being then separated by anion exchange chromatography.
(19) Here we report that phenol hydroxylation to hydroquinone is also catalyzed by human myeloperoxidase in the presence of a superoxide anion radical generating system, hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase.
(20) The oxidation of the anion radical intermediate by O2 to the parent nitro compound is proposed to account for the well-known O2 inhibition of microsomal nitroreductase.
Dichromate
Definition:
(n.) A salt of chromic acid containing two equivalents of the acid radical to one of the base; -- called also bichromate.
Example Sentences:
(1) Solutions of sodium dichromate were administered to Sprague Dawley rats by intratracheal instillations over a period of 30 months.
(2) The most frequent sensitizers observed included nickel sulphate, cobalt, Kathon CG, perfumes, potassium dichromate and balsam of Peru.
(3) Potassium dichromate and chromium chloride were analyzed for their ability to induce mitotic gene conversion and point reverse mutation in D7 diploid strain of S. cerevisiae.
(4) The best fixatives for this purpose were formol dichromate, periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) and a novel fixative formed from the addition of a dichromate solution to PLP.
(5) Six patients took dichromate solutions as rectal enemas, 2 were left with impaired renal function and 1 required a permanent colostomy as a result of extensive peri-anal necrosis.
(6) Each of 31 chromate-allergic patients was given one tablet containing 7.1 mg potassium dichromate, plus a placebo tablet.
(7) of solutions of acid potassium dichromate and alkaline potassium chromate.
(8) The coefficient of variation for potassium dichromate after storage at 4 degrees C was 4.6324% and at room temperature 9.6334%.
(9) In vivo administration of sodium dichromate onto the inner shell membrane of 14 day chick embryos resulted in the formation of a persistent chromium(V) species in liver cells (g = 1.987).
(10) Prior to the oral challenge all the patients were patch tested with nickel sulphate, cobalt chloride and potassium dichromate after adhesive tape stripping.
(11) Chromium nitrate and chloride release and that of potassium dichromate was determined and converted to the chromium content in the concentrations used for skin tests.
(12) X-ray micro-analysis of glutaraldehyde-dichromate-fixed sections was used to discriminate noradrenaline-containing nerves.
(13) The mutagenicity of sodium dichromate in the Ames test was decreased as a consequence of chromium(VI) reduction by tissue postmitochondrial (S-9 or S-12) fractions from untreated rats with the following rank of efficiency: liver; kidney; and lung.
(14) In vivo treatment with the drug enhanced detoxication by liver and lung S-12 fractions of direct-acting mutagens (ICR 191, epichlorohydrin, 4-nitroquinolino-N-oxide and dichromate) and counteracted opposite effects triggered by administration of GSH depletors.
(15) Actual rates of macromolecular syntheses have been calculated by taking into account the induced changes of soluble precursor concentrations; sucn normalized rates point out that dichromate induces a sudden blockage of DNA replication, whereas RNA and protein syntheses are secondarily inhibited.
(16) Brucella milk ring tests (BMRT's) were performed on fresh herd milk samples and pooled samples, preserved at a processing factory with potassium dichromate.
(17) These results suggest that dichromate possesses a characteristic dual action on cellular metabolism, which might be related to its metabolic fate.
(18) Most of the oxidants tested (K-dichromate, FeCL3, H2O2, O2, and chloroperbenzoic, ascorbic, performic, and periodic acids) rendered the various myelin constituents less extractable than the constituents of unoxidized control homogenates.
(19) An 18-year-old girl developed acute renal failure 24 hr after ingestion of potassium dichromate.
(20) Dichromate first stimulates and then inhibits nucleoside (mostly thymidine) uptake, whereas amino acid uptake is immediately inhibited.