(n.) An electro-negative element, or the element which, in electro-chemical decompositions, is evolved at the anode; -- opposed to cation.
Example Sentences:
(1) Both SAA and non-SAA enhanced ammonium excretion but only non-SAA enhanced organic anion excretion, an indicator of incomplete oxidation of organic acids.
(2) In the presence of high external Cl, a component of outward current that was inhibited by the anion channel blocker diphenylamine-2-carboxylate (DPC) appeared in 70% of the cells.
(3) Cell viability, ability to generate superoxide anion, and chemotaxis were found to be unaltered both before and after labeling.
(4) Interaction of viable macrophages with cationic particles at 37 degrees C resulted in their "internalization" within vesicles and coated pits and a closer apposition between many segments of plasmalemma than with neutral or anionic substances.
(5) In general, enzyme activity was strongly reduced by heavy metal inorganic cations; less strongly by organometallic cations, some anions, and certain pesticides; and weakly inhibited by light metal cations and organometallic and organic compounds.
(6) The order in which anions supported uptake was Cl- = SCN- greater than F- greater than NO3- = SO2(-4) for beta-alanine, whereas it was SCN- greater than F- = Cl- = NO3- greater than SO2(-4) for L-alpha-alanine.
(7) Moreover, it is the recombinant p70 polypeptides of slowest mobility that coelute with S6 kinase activity on anion-exchange chromatography.
(8) Superoxide anion (O2.-) was photogenerated upon illumination of riboflavin in fluorescent light.
(9) At hypothyroid patients there is an ADP excess which is degenerated to xanthine, the substrate of xanthine oxidase resulting in toxic anion superoxide and UA.
(10) The sigmoidal shape of the curve of rate constant vs mole percent anionic lipid is consistent with a positively cooperative effect of the negative surface charge.
(11) The changes included swelling, blunting, and flattening of epithelial foot processes, were accompanied by decreased stainability of glomerular anionic sites, and were largely reversed by subsequent perfusion with the polyanion heparin.
(12) The granules of human large granular lymphocytes have been reported to contain, in addition to perforin, a soluble HRF activity that can be eluted from anion-exchange columns at 115 mM NaCl.
(13) The channels studied here were more selective for monovalent cations than anions, but also showed some permeability to anions and larger electrolytes, suggesting a large functional pore diameter.
(14) The reduction of cytochrome c was found to be sensitive to both anaerobiosis and superoxide dismutase, suggesting the involvement of superoxide anions with this electron acceptor.
(15) The porins are a class of voltage-dependent, anion-selective, channel-forming proteins located in the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM).
(16) In 254 findings of the acid-base balance ions and proteins, the authors evaluated mutual relations between the acid-base balance and calculation from the anion column.
(17) Proceeding from the observation that organic anions bound to albumin have hepatic extraction fractions that are unexpectedly high, we have studied a distributed model that accounts for this phenomenon by invoking sites on the cell surface that catalyze the dissociation of albumin-anion complexes.
(18) 6) The subunits alpha and beta of bovine follitropin were obtained by incubation in acidic urea, the chains being then separated by anion exchange chromatography.
(19) Here we report that phenol hydroxylation to hydroquinone is also catalyzed by human myeloperoxidase in the presence of a superoxide anion radical generating system, hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase.
(20) The oxidation of the anion radical intermediate by O2 to the parent nitro compound is proposed to account for the well-known O2 inhibition of microsomal nitroreductase.
Inion
Definition:
(n.) The external occipital protuberance of the skull.
Example Sentences:
(1) Frontal bossing, frontal sinus enlargement, a dense cortical calvarium, prominent inion, and proptosis secondary to extraocular muscular enlargement were findings also present in this patient.
(2) The ratio of distance between the AC-PC line and a line passing through the base of the inion (GI line) to total brain height was 0.21, as predicted.
(3) Removal of Na+ from the medium initially had no effect on amylase release although bethanechol-stimulated release by mouse cells was inion of the HCO3- or Cl- content of the medium did not affect cholinergic stimulation of secretion.
(4) Experiments have been carried out to investigate the lability of 2 brain-stem microreflexes, viz., the postauricular and inion responses to auditory stimulation.
(5) The growth rate of the human cranial base between nasion (N) - tuberculum sellae (Ts) and tuberculum sellae - internal occipital protuberance (= Twining's line (Tw)) were calculated in proportion to nasion - inion (N - I) distance and expressed in two cranial base ratios: (see formulas) The growth rate of the whole cranial base showed a notable stability and a given ratio apparently prevails through into later life.
(6) iniencephalus (IN) and in anencephalus (AN), the inion is in contact with the back.
(7) Plain craniogram of lateral view showed small posterior cranial fossa with low positioned inion and platybasia.
(8) and the sum of head circumference, nasion-inion, and intertragal distances in the age range 7 to 11 years only and not in adult age.
(9) It is demonstrated that the discrepancies between some of the size values established in individual skulls, and the skull asymmetry, recorded scopically with other measurements, are due to displacements of the anthropological points (sphenion, asterion, inion), produced by differences in growth rate and size of bones.
(10) In 20 patients with temporal lobe lesions and 10 controls, the averaged photic-evoked responses (APERs) and their dispersion pattern (DP) were investigated in inion-vertex-lead and bilaterally in inion-parietal leads (I-P3 and I-P4).
(11) The recordings were performed with a system of 14 bipolar channels, arranged in a rectangular grid with an interelectrode distance of 15% of the inion-nasion distance and centered 3 cm above the inion.
(12) Activity was depicted with 5 electrodes, the central electrode 5 cm above the inion and two on each side 5 and 10 cm apart from the central electrode.
(13) That point on the corpus callosum is characterized using simple planar geometry in relation to three anatomic landmarks in that same plane: the glabella, the inion, and the bregma (midline intersection of the coronal suture).
(14) The records were made from a horizontal array of 3 occipital electrodes, one placed in the midline 5 cm above the inion and the others 8 cm each lateral of the inion.
(15) (1) There were high correlations between PVEPs recorded from the inion and those from points Oz, Pz, Cz, and Fz in the range of 75-150 msec following pattern visual stimulation to the eyes although no correlation was found in the range 0-75 msec.
(16) These involved OML, coronal suture, parietal tubercle, inion, pineal body, midline and so on.
(17) This asymmetry was attributed to variance in the anatomy of the occipital bone and cranio-cerebral topography that cannot be predicted from location of the inion.
(18) The ratio of the peripheral measurement from the inion to the nasion to the distance between the inion and the posterior lip of the foramen magnum is presented for each case with an outline of the ventricles.
(19) Evoked responses were recorded with surface electrodes at four levels between wrist and scalp: Erb's point, seventh cervical spine, inion, and the somatosensory area of the scalp.
(20) The H-EPs were recorded bipolar in the midline 5% to 25% and unipolar 15% in reference to an earlobe electrode (inion to nasion = 100%).