(v. t.) To subject to great heat, and then cool slowly, as glass, cast iron, steel, or other metal, for the purpose of rendering it less brittle; to temper; to toughen.
(v. t.) To heat, as glass, tiles, or earthenware, in order to fix the colors laid on them.
Example Sentences:
(1) Single-stranded circles did not form if a limited number of nucleotides were removed from the 3' ends of native molecules by Escherichia coli exonuclease III digestion prior to denaturation and annealing.
(2) Single-stranded linear DNAs were prepared by separating strands of duplex molecules or by cleaving single-stranded circles at a unique restriction site created by annealing a short defined oligonucleotide to the circle.
(3) Optimum specific amplification resulted when the primer annealing temperature was 60 degrees C. The gene fragment was amplifiable in 25 different Brucella species and strains.
(4) The solution conformation of an antibacterial protein sapecin has been determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and dynamical simulated annealing calculations.
(5) The UV sensitivity was found to increase with increasing preliminary gamma exposure above 10(-2)Ckg-1 (after a post-irradiation anneal at 300 degrees C for 1 h).
(6) The addition of Mg2+ to the dialyzing solution resulted in the formation of short intermediate-sized filaments even at 4 degrees C. Further dialysis of the short intermediate-sized filaments against reassembly solution containing both NaCl and MgCl2 at 37 degrees C failed to elongate them into longer filaments, suggesting that annealing does not contribute to the elongation of neurofilaments.
(7) The crystal structure of the complex between neuraminidase from influenza virus (subtype N9 and isolated from an avian source) and the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of monoclonal antibody NC41 has been refined by both least-squares and simulated annealing methods to an R-factor of 0.191 using 31,846 diffraction data in the resolution range 8.0 to 2.5 A.
(8) The transcript, analyzed by DNA-RNA hybridization, shows two major kinetic components: 40% of the transcript is copied by repetitive sequences present 100 times per haploid genome; another 25% anneals to DNA with a rate constant Kh 10-4 M - S-1, typical of single-copy sequences.
(9) Furthermore, globin mRNA has a 3'-terminal sequence of adenylic acid residues that make it particularly suitable as a template, since oligo(dT) can be annealed to a specific site on the mRNA.
(10) The thermal cycle sequencing procedures are advantageous because they allow fast and simple semiautomation of the sequencing reaction; make possible the direct DNA sequencing of PCR products, bacterial colonies and phage plaques; require only femtomoles of template DNA; eliminate the requirement of an independent primer annealing step; remove the requirement of denatured plasmids for sequencing double-stranded templates; and use a highly thermostable DNA polymerase for sequencing through potential recalcitrant secondary structure domains and large linear double-stranded DNA templates such as lambda derivatives.
(11) When 18 to 19S and 12 to 15S viral RNAs purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation were similarly analyzed, late RNA inhibited hybridization of 18 to 19S RNA 50%, and the annealing of 12 to 15S RNA was inhibited 70%.
(12) Partial degradation of these DNA molecules by exonuclease III predisposes some of them to form circles upon annealing, but indicating they are terminally redundant.
(13) The procedures are only intermediate phases and are without any significant role, since the end-result is, after annealing and polishing, as expected.
(14) The results indicate that the relaxed circles consist of a population containing one interruption in either of the two strands of the duplex jointly representing the two "nicks" contained in Hershey circles (in which the cohesive ends are annealed).
(15) The method is based on the priming of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by an oligonucleotide complementary to the DNA sequence containing the mutation of interest, which anneals only to the perfectly matched sequence under high stringency conditions.
(16) Molecular probes from the gp150 locus annealed with a 4.0-kb polyadenylated RNA transcript derived from human myeloid cell lines and from tertiary mouse cell transformants.
(17) spectra at various annealing stages from alpha- and beta-D-glucose together with 6,6-d2-D-glucose, 6-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, glucose-1-phosphate, D-xylose, D-allose and D-mannose indicates radical formation at all possible carbon sites with a strong preference for C1 and a somewhat enhanced contribution of C4 over the statistical expectation.
(18) After gel electrophoresis and blotting the amplification product is identified by hybridization with a third oligonucleotide recognizing the region between the two primer annealing sites, and by restriction mapping.
(19) In this article we experimentally determine the optimal annealing temperature (TaOPT) values for several primer-template pairs and develop a method for its calculation.
(20) Use of the sequence annealing in the calorimetric measurement allows to decompose the total thermogram of rod into four elementary bands with maxima at 42, 46.5, 50 and 57 degrees C. Fluorescence changes occur at temperatures which coincide with the first, second and fourth calorimetric peaks.
Annual
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to a year; returning every year; coming or happening once in the year; yearly.
(a.) Performed or accomplished in a year; reckoned by the year; as, the annual motion of the earth.
(a.) Lasting or continuing only one year or one growing season; requiring to be renewed every year; as, an annual plant; annual tickets.
(n.) A thing happening or returning yearly; esp. a literary work published once a year.
(n.) Anything, especially a plant, that lasts but one year or season; an annual plant.
(n.) A Mass for a deceased person or for some special object, said daily for a year or on the anniversary day.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the bars of Antwerp and the cafes of Bruges, the talk is less of Christmas markets and hot chocolate than of the rising cost of financing a national debt which stands at 100% of annual national income.
(2) The form of the harvested crop, varietal characteristics and annual growing conditions have less bearing.
(3) The aim of the present study was to bring forward data of acceptance of dental treatment for 3-16-yr-old children in a population with good dental health and annual dental care, and to evaluate the influence on acceptance of age, sex, residential area, and previous experience and present need of dental treatment.
(4) In addition, recent increase of the annual incidence of the above both groups was clarified.
(5) The biggest single source of air pollution is coal-fired power stations and China, with its large population and heavy reliance on coal power, provides $2.3tn of the annual subsidies.
(6) Gove, who touched on no fewer than 11 policy areas, made his remarks in the annual Keith Joseph memorial lecture organised by the Centre for Policy Studies, the Thatcherite thinktank that was the intellectual powerhouse behind her government.
(7) Murder-suicide occurs with an annual incidence of 0.2 to 0.3 per 100,000 person-years and accounts for approximately 1000 to 1500 deaths yearly in the United States.
(8) The company said it was on track to meet forecasts for annual profit of about £110m.
(9) The results of the examination of the tuberculosis cases detected during 7 years among the annually screened population are given.
(10) The annual cost of treatment is $200,000 (£130,000), and patients may live for tens of years.
(11) The figures, published in the company’s annual report , triggered immediate anger from fuel poverty campaigners who noted that energy suppliers had just been rapped over the knuckles by the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) for overcharging .
(12) In April 1986, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thorax and shoulder girdle was presented to the 99th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Anatomists.
(13) However, shortly before this date, she says she was informed she would not receive the annual uprating.
(14) This comprised of 19.0 percent of the average annual bacillary pulmonary cases.
(15) Use of blood and blood products increased annually as did the number of patients crossmatched and transfused.
(16) During the 1985 annual meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons in Honolulu, neurosurgical training and practice in India, Korea, Japan, and Australasia were discussed at the International Committee symposium.
(17) Compared to the benefits, the annual risk of developing a side effect of the medication is much higher.
(18) The thinktank Open Europe estimates that the UK would pay 94% of its current costs (£31.4bn annually) if it left the EU but adopted a Norway-type arrangement.
(19) Blight responded with a hypothetical, telling Ludlam if the ASD asked a foreign agency to get material about Australian citizens it could not access under Australian law, the IGIS would know about it and flag it in its annual report.
(20) The long-term annual incidence of ipsilateral cerebral infarction was 0.67 percent in patients operated upon and 2.70 percent in patients unoperated upon.