What's the difference between annihilation and extinction?

Annihilation


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of reducing to nothing, or nonexistence; or the act of destroying the form or combination of parts under which a thing exists, so that the name can no longer be applied to it; as, the annihilation of a corporation.
  • (n.) The state of being annihilated.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) At its centre was the Holocaust, the industrialised slaughter of 6 million Jews by the Nazis: an attempt at the annihilation of an entire people.
  • (2) Worst building Facebook Twitter Pinterest Where Merkel bosses other European leaders around ... a whole street was annihilated for the Justus Lipsius building, home of the Council of the European Union This is where Angela Merkel bosses other European leaders around: the Justus Lipsius building, home of the Council of the European Union.
  • (3) The event when one annihilation photon escapes from the detector without interaction while the other escapes after one Compton scattering interaction produces a characteristic component in the pulse-height spectrum.
  • (4) These correspond to the ordering processes by the migration and the annihilation of quenched-in excess vacancies, the annihilation of secondary defects and the diffusion of equilibrium vacancies, respectively.
  • (5) Other phenomena expected of an excitable medium, such as wave propagation of undiminished amplitude and annihilation of colliding wavefronts, were observed.
  • (6) The relationship between the fluorescence yield and the number of hits per domain depends on two parameters: the rate constant of bimolecular exciton annihilation and the dimension of the domain in which this annihilation occurs.
  • (7) Something has happened before J starts, and what that something is I can best describe as an annihilation of a people and an idea.
  • (8) In Game Four two home runs from Jhonny Peralta and a homer apiece from Triple Crown-winner Cabrera and Austin Jackson led the annihilation.
  • (9) Application of a depolarizing current pulse of brief duration during a critical region of the spontaneous cycle annihilated activity in some preparations exposed to [TTX] approximately 10(-7) M. These results were analyzed with the model of electrical activity described in the previous paper (Clay, J.R., R.M.
  • (10) Sulphate reduced adjuvanticity of the SLPs, and the number of sulphate groups required for complete annihilation increased with the chain length of the lipid.
  • (11) Smaller focal regions of hypoperfusion may be identified by computer emission tomography, either by the detection of single-photon emission or by paired detection of annihilation photons.
  • (12) In PET, organic molecules labeled with positron-emitting radionuclides are injected or inhaled, and the high-energy photons produced by annihilation events are detected by paired, integrated crystal detectors.
  • (13) Unhappy with just a share in the state, the Islamists wanted to own it entirely – and now, following three consecutive losses at the ballot box , they are the ones responsible for leading Libya towards annihilation.
  • (14) Positrons, emitted by 11C attract an electron, and the two masses are annihilated by emitting photons.
  • (15) Australia is still digesting the scale of Rudd's victory, which saw Howard and his Liberal party coalition annihilated at the polls.
  • (16) It is assumed that the triplet-triplet annihilation at 77 degrees K is related with the strong interaction between the chlorophyll molecules in the pigment complex of Photosystem I.
  • (17) He suggested the larger forum offered by the UN was instead important for countries such as Cuba or the small islands which risk annihilation by climate change to air their grievances.
  • (18) In fact were you to inhabit it, it might feel like you were disappearing, not unlike annihilation.
  • (19) Phase resetting and annihilation of repetitive firing in the ventricular myocardium were demonstrated by a brief current pulse of the proper magnitude applied at the proper phase.
  • (20) As Cohn himself pointed out, all his work was fundamentally concerned with the study of the same phenomenon: "the urge to purify the world through the annihilation of some category of human beings imagined as agents of corruption and incarnations of evil".

Extinction


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of extinguishing or making extinct; a putting an end to; the act of putting out or destroying light, fire, life, activity, influence, etc.
  • (n.) State of being extinguished or of ceasing to be; destruction; suppression; as, the extinction of life, of a family, of a quarrel, of claim.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The stages of mourning involve cognitive learning of the reality of the loss; behaviours associated with mourning, such as searching, embody unlearning by extinction; finally, physiological concomitants of grief may influence unlearning by direct effects on neurotransmitters or neurohormones, such as cortisol, ACTH, or norepinephrine.
  • (2) The effect upon ethanol responding was found not to resemble a pattern of extinction, but rather was best described as a general overall reduction in responding.
  • (3) In a recent study, Orr and Lanzetta (1984) showed that the excitatory properties of fear facial expressions previously described (Lanzetta & Orr, 1981; Orr & Lanzetta, 1980) do not depend on associative mechanisms; even in the absence of reinforcement, fear faces intensify the emotional reaction to a previously conditioned stimulus and disrupt extinction of an acquired fear response.
  • (4) We conclude that the procedure used in this study is a non-intrusive intervention that is an extension of the current literature pertaining to sensory extinction.
  • (5) After 40 programmed minutes of acquisition and 12 min of maintenance, without notice, both schedules changed to extinction for 28 min.
  • (6) This differential absorbance is linear with increasing concentrations of Na2MoO4 and was used to calculate the molar extinction coefficient of molybdochelin at 425 nm (epsilon similar to 6,200).
  • (7) However, during massed testing, all subjects trained with response contingent CS termination showed an overall extinction influence, which was most pronounced in the medial subgroup, although the laterals showed frequency control as well.
  • (8) When reinforcement for competing behavior was withdrawn, however, rats resumed their original behavior and there were no overall savings in total responses to extinction.
  • (9) The relative amount of the crystals was measured in both amoeba strains on the basis of the integral extinction value.
  • (10) Chronic extinction of chain closed conditioned reflex in intact rabbits took five to six days.
  • (11) The amounts of phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin could be determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet absorption if the apparent extinction coefficient of the material analyzed was established.
  • (12) In a number of neurones the extinction of reflexes either does not change the reaction to acetylcholine, or enhances it.
  • (13) In Experiment 3, following an unsignaled reinforcement delay, groups receiving either no event or signaled food in the context responded faster in extinction than groups receiving no context exposure or unsignaled food.
  • (14) The optical extinction decreases as the red cell agglutinates grow, giving a parametric estimate of the haemagglutination rate.
  • (15) By calculating for DNA standard solutions the value of the ratio between the extinction at 665 nm after 15 min to the extinction of 600 nm after 2 min of the orcinol reaction it is possible to increase specifiaty of the orcinol method for determination of the RNA content.
  • (16) To lose the Sundarbans would be to move a step closer to the extinction of these majestic animals," said ZSL tiger expert Sarah Christie.
  • (17) Values obtained for thebuoyant density, isoelectric point, and extinction coefficient differed minimally; major differences were observed in the molecular weight and the characterisitc width of cylinders formed by in vitro-assembled T-layer of the wild-type and variant.
  • (18) The CS+ preference persisted for several weeks during extinction tests when both the CS+ and CS- were paired with IG water or with no infusions.
  • (19) The extinction coefficient at 550 nm for the oxidized enzyme is about 5300 (M subunit)-1 X cm-1.
  • (20) On this planet, extinction is the norm – of the 4 billion species ever thought to have evolved, 99% have become extinct.