(n.) A remedy for acidity of the stomach, as an alkali or absorbent.
(a.) Counteractive of acidity.
Example Sentences:
(1) The triad of epigastric pain unrelieved by antacids, bilious vomiting, and weight loss, particularly after a gastric operation should make one suspect this syndrome.
(2) Between-lot variation exceeded that of within-lot variation in 10 of the 14 liquid antacids for which this variation could be tested.
(3) A survey into the current usage of tracheal tubes and associated procedures, such as various sedation regimes and antacid therapy, in intensive care units was carried out in Sweden by sending a questionnaire to physicians in charge of intensive care units in 70 acute hospitals which included seven main teaching hospitals.
(4) The current study used the restraint model of stress ulceration to compare the effects of a more potent prostaglandin analogue, 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2, with hyperosmolar glucose and antacids.
(5) Pain relieved by antacids, age above 40 years, previous peptic ulcer disease, male sex, symptoms provoked by berries, and night pain relieved by antacids and food were found to predict organic dyspepsia with a sensitivity and specificity of approximately 70%, when applied on the observed material.
(6) We conclude that in patients receiving mechanical ventilation, the use of a prophylactic agent against stress-ulcer bleeding that preserves the natural gastric acid barrier against bacterial overgrowth may be preferable to antacids and H2 blockers.
(7) The characteristic signs and symptoms represent the triad of a pulsatile mass in the upper part of the abdomen, intermittent hemorrhage in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract and severe epigastralgia not relieved by antacids.
(8) Total bacterial counts, nitrate-reducing bacteria and nitrite concentration were determined in fasting gastric juice before and after 4 weeks of treatment with a strong or with a mild antacid drug, a placebo preparation and the spasmolytic agent papaverine which is known to inhibit gastric evacuation.
(9) After a six-week-antacid-therapy the BAO and the basic proteolytic activity were reduced for 50% as compared to the healthy volunteers without it while the maximal stimulated secretion of acid and proteolytic enzymes was not altered.
(10) Cation absorption and accumulation with all of these antacid preparations has been described and may lead to toxicity.
(11) Nine of the groups were fed nutrient solutions of different compositions, antacid and sucralfate through orogastric tube during induction of stress ulcer by restraint and a cold ambient temperature.
(12) It is to be noted that the usual clinical treatment of antacids, bedrest, and raising the head end of the bed failed in all of the patients.
(13) Currently, the only clinically significant interactions are the inactivation of ciprofloxacin by antacids and an increase in theophylline blood levels in the presence of ciprofloxacin.
(14) The adsorption of the various antibiotics by milk was also tested as milk is frequently used as an antacid.
(15) The influence of concomitant administration of antacid or ranitidine on droxicam pharmacokinetics has been investigated.
(16) It is concluded that se-aluminum increases in undialyzed chronic uremic patients ingesting aluminum-containing antacids.
(17) The method allows the determination of individual dosage of antacid for each patient.
(18) Sucralfate (55 patients), cimetidine (25 patients), ranitidine (30 patients), antacids and cholinolytics (32 patients) were studied and compared in open clinical trials for the efficacy in the treatment of ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum.
(19) Two hundred and forty-nine patients are divided into four homogenous groups to compare the efficacy of Cimetidine versus antacids, as well as the mode of delivery--bolus versus continuous drip--in the prophylaxis of acute hemorrhagic gastritis in critically ill patients.
(20) Antacids can reduce gastroduodenal acidity for long periods if taken in substantial quantities after food.
Bicarbonate
Definition:
(n.) A carbonate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical, thus making the proportion of the acid to the positive or basic portion twice what it is in the normal carbonates; an acid carbonate; -- sometimes called supercarbonate.
Example Sentences:
(1) To examine the central nervous system regulation of duodenal bicarbonate secretion, an animal model was developed that allowed cerebroventricular and intravenous injections as well as collection of duodenal perfusates in awake, freely moving rats.
(2) In addition to esophageal manometry, we also performed acid-clearance studies and examined salivary output, acid-neutralizing capacity, and bicarbonate concentration.
(3) Finally, it could be observed that elevated osmotic pressures reduced the lysis of isolated secretory granules when bicarbonate ions were present in the incubation medium.
(4) In vitro studies in cardiac Purkinje fibers suggested that reversal of amitriptyline-induced cardiac membrane effects by sodium bicarbonate may be attributed not only to alkalinization but also to increased in extracellular sodium concentration, diminishing the local anesthetic action of amitriptyline and resulting in less sodium channel block.
(5) In conclusion, the ability of distal tubules to establish a significant pH gradient will contribute to the titration of non bicarbonate buffers, i.e., to titratable acid formation.
(6) Increasing the pH of local anesthetics with sodium bicarbonate has been reported to hasten their onset of action.
(7) Rings of isolated coronary and femoral arteries (without endothelium) were suspended for isometric tension recording in organ chambers filled with modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution.
(8) The addition of sodium bicarbonate to gum containing sorbitol markedly enhanced its capacity to cause and maintain an elevation of interproximal plaque pH previously lowered by exposure to fermentable carbohydrate.
(9) Por the treatment of L.A., adjunction of dialysis and furosemide improved the efficacy of early and massive sodium bicarbonate infusion.
(10) The relationship between urine pH, modified by the oral administration of either ammonium chloride or sodium bicarbonate, and the urinary excretion of prostaglandin E (PGE) was studied in healthy female subjects.
(11) It is suggested that the limited renal capacity to reabsorb sodium may account for the low bicarbonate threshold in premature infants.
(12) The most substantial deviations between actual and theoretical osmolarity values occurred with the calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride and dextrose solutions.
(13) Outward Na+ cotransport fluxes significantly rose (p less than 0.05) after acetate hemodialysis and decreased (p less than 0.05) after bicarbonate hemodialysis.
(14) The results demonstrate that: (1) the administration of somatostatin at a low dose level does not affect human exocrine pancreatic secretion, at least under the experimental conditions of this study; and (2) the administration of larger doses of somatostatin inhibits pancreatic secretion of both protein and bicarbonate dose-dependently.
(15) It is suggested from these in vivo studies that renal carbonic anhydrase is present and active during fetal life and does not limit the capacity of the fetal kidney to reabsorb bicarbonate.
(16) These data demonstrate that PTH induces bicarbonate and phosphate excretion regardless of whether carbonic anhydrase is intact or nearly 100% inhibited by acetazolamide.
(17) We therefore investigated the influence of different carbon dioxide tensions and bicarbonate concentrations on directly measured pH of organ baths aerated with mass-spectrometric analyzed O2-CO2 gases.
(18) Bicarbonate administration by either route resulted in an elevated mixed venous partial pressure of carbon dioxide and an elevated arterial pH, but no significant change in the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
(19) More recently, attention has also been focussed on bicarbonate transport in attempts to identify a possible role for this ion in enhancing the rate of net fluid efflux by proximal tubules.
(20) VO2+ is more effective than Mg2+ in activation of the bicarbonate-dependent ATPase reaction of pyruvate kinase, and in the enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphoenolpyruvate.