(v. t.) To contend with; to oppose actively; to counteract.
(v. i.) To act in opposition.
Example Sentences:
(1) Intrathecal injection of zopiclone potentiated morphine antinociception, while the intracerebroventricular injection of zopiclone failed to enhance morphine antinociception and the intracerebroventricular injection of flumazepil to antagonize the intraperitoneal-zopiclone-induced increase in morphine antinociception.
(2) of PLA2 caused marked degranulation of mast cells in the rat mesentery which was facilitated by addition of calcium ion (10 mM) but antagonized by pretreating with three antiinflammatory agents.
(3) [Ca2+]i exhibited a sigmoidal dependence on [Na+]o. Mg2+, a competitive inhibitor of Na2+-Ca2+ antiport in these cells, antagonized the increase in [Ca2+]i produced by lowering [Na+]o.
(4) Increases in extracellular calcium antagonized the negative inotropic effect.
(5) In K+-depolarized basilar arteries, ifenprodil competitively antagonized the response to Ca2+, and this was enhanced by pre-incubation in calcium hopantenate.
(6) During the postovulatory phase, endogenous progesterone and the production of metabolites antagonized this effect.
(7) An antagonism is unlikely when ciprofloxacin is combined with one of the beta-lactams studied or with tobramycin.
(8) Co-application of CGS 9896, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, did not antagonize the guanidino compound-induced inhibition of GABA responses.
(9) Aortic rings from the rabbit were similarly potently antagonized by the protein kinase C inhibitors, however, K(+)-induced contractions were also equally sensitive to these agents in both rat and rabbit tissues.
(10) The biphasic response to (-)-(S)-Bay K 8644 and (+)-(S)-202-791 suggests that the properties of Ca++ channel activation and antagonism may reside within a single 1,4-dihydropyridine molecule.
(11) We have investigated the bacterial antagonism exerted in oral secretion by alpha-hemolytic streptococci against S. aureus and S. epidermidis.
(12) The marine natural product lophotoxin has produced a non-reversible antagonism of parasympathetic and sympathetic functions that are known to be mediated by C6 sub-type nicotinic receptors.
(13) Strains showing occasional antagonism at a particular proportion of concentrations of the test combination, were found to only be indifferent when the mean index of the fractional inhibition concentration of all checkerboard combinations was calculated.
(14) The omission of glucose induced a marked increase in the efflux of [3H]GABA, which was antagonized by TTX (1 microM), but not by MK 801 (1 microM) or DNQX (100 microM).
(15) The hyperthermia in rabbits caused by the serotonergic stimulants cited above is also antagonized by pretreatment with MS.
(16) The neuroleptic agents haloperidol, fluphenazine, domperidone, sulpiride and tiapride also antagonized emesis induced by cisplatin but only a proportion of the animals were completely protected and diazepam and prednisolone only reduced the intensity of the response.
(17) These results suggest that formoterol modifies allergen-induced airway responses through functional antagonism rather than the inhibition of inflammatory cell infiltration.
(18) Depolarizations induced by acetyl-Arg6-septide, a NK1-receptor selective agonist, were also antagonized by spantide with a pA2 of 6.5.
(19) 5-Hydroxytryptamine contracted the musculature from all parts of the respiratory tract-an effect which was specifically antagonized by both methysergide and atropine.4.
(20) K showed little activity against LTC4 but could antagonize more selectively H- and ACh-mediated effects.
Goad
Definition:
(v. t.) A pointed instrument used to urge on a beast; hence, any necessity that urges or stimulates.
(v. t.) To prick; to drive with a goad; hence, to urge forward, or to rouse by anything pungent, severe, irritating, or inflaming; to stimulate.
Example Sentences:
(1) They have informed, advocated and sometimes goaded participants in a way that will be entirely familiar to people in Europe.
(2) Thereby, it serves as a goad to thinking about conflicts between pregnant women and their fetuses in a way that emphasizes relationships rather than rights.
(3) The three young men were trying to get to grips with a troubling scene in which they lark about with a baby in its pram, poking it, pulling off its nappy, goading each other until they stone it to death.
(4) Francesco Totti has escaped with a spell on the naughty step for goading Lazio fans in the wake of Sunday's Rome derby, but has been fined €10,000 for each thumb he pointed down in a bid to rile them up.
(5) The public conscience has been stirred and professional groups--doctors, lawyers, legislators and law enforcement agencies--goaded on many occasions by feminist groups, have deliberated the various aspects of this problem.
(6) Where Google News has a sentence that tells you what the story is, Goad notes: "Facebook often has the first paragraph, so they're stealing – if you want to use that word – more of the content."
(7) I can’t tell if he’s goading him, or wanting him to join in, or do something differently.
(8) We had two young daughters who would goad him into conversation, as children will.
(9) He used a number of accounts to goad his victims when they attempted to block his comments, saying police "would do nothing" about his tirade of abuse.
(10) Goaded, taunted and tormented by the prosecution, Pistorius was perhaps his own worst enemy during cross-examination, suffering surprising memory lapses and appearing evasive, agitated, petulant and self-contradictory.
(11) Baillie, Scottish Labour’s effective interim leader at Holyrood while the party votes on a successor to replace Johann Lamont, had goaded Salmond.
(12) To a packed Bundestag, Merkel said it was "absurd" to claim Germany was trying to "dominate" Europe – an accusation which has become ever more widespread after one of her MPs made goading comments that "Europe was now speaking German" .
(13) Locals say the gangs were goaded into the violence by others from their factions elsewhere in Rio.
(14) We have a president-elect who penned in journalists at his rallies, has continued to goad the press even after his election win, and who has history of threats against journalists.
(15) He heard the boos and the goading battle cries: "No Surrender to the IRA", "Judas!
(16) But our state must resist the temptation to be goaded into tackling complicated issues with simplistic, divisive laws.
(17) "Twitter is no longer purely in the domain of early adopters; rather it is becoming a universal tool which is being used increasingly by all types of internet users, regardless of their online preferences," Goad noted.
(18) "A typical website in the UK receives around two in every five visits from search engines and obviously, the vast majority of those come via Google," according to Robin Goad, research director at Hitwise UK.
(19) Not like at the Spectator garden party, where one eyewitness described the two cabinet ministers goading each other “like a pair of rutting stags locking antlers”.
(20) He has only ever talked about his experiences once and was angry with Frischmann for revealing this in a moment of weakness as she was being goaded about her 'privileged' upbringing.