What's the difference between anthophyllite and silicate?
Anthophyllite
Definition:
(n.) A mineral of the hornblende group, of a yellowish gray or clove brown color.
Example Sentences:
(1) It has been found that the silicates widely used in America can contain three forms of asbestos, anthophyllite, tremolite, and chrysolite.
(2) A chemiluminescence assay showed that the activation of polymorphonuclear leucocytes was induced in the following order of effect: quartz; chrysotile A; crocidolite; chrysotile B; amosite; and anthophyllite.
(3) Direct binding experiments and analysis of the bound proteins by (SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) revealed an adsorption of purified plasma fibronectin to glass fibers, amosite, crocidolite and silica but not to anthophyllite and chrysotile A and B.
(4) When metals (aluminum, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, nickel, or chromium) or asbestos fibers (chrysotile, crocidolite, anthophyllite, or amosite) were individually mixed with bioactivated B[a]P, coinhibition of cellular interferon synthesis also resulted which was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than that manifested by bioactivated B[a]P or particles per se.
(5) Chest roentgenograms, pulmonary function assessment by spirometry, respiratory symptoms, smoking history, and occupational history by questionnaire were obtained from 121 male talc miners and millers exposed to talc containing tremolite and anthophyllite asbestiform fibers.
(6) In addition, we found 4 patients with malignant mesothelioma who had been exposed mainly to anthophyllite fibres (total lung fibre concentrations of 1.2, 0.4, 0.2 and 0.1 x 10(6) fibres per g dried lung tissue).
(7) Crocidolite forms the shortest and thinnest fibers, followed in size by amosite and anthophyllite.
(8) Using the most comprehensive inhalation study available, (Wagner, et al., 1974), the dose-response effects of the four major types of asbestos fibers (amosite, anthophyllite, crocidolite, and chrysotile: Canadian, Rhodesian) for lung cancer have been determined.
(9) Thirteen asbestos samples, including amosite, anthophyllite, chrysotile, and crocidolite, 4 picornaviruses (poliovirus 1 and 2, echovirus 7, and encephalomyocarditis virus), and 4 cell lines (CLI, chimpanzee liver; KB, human carcinoma; eta, monkey kidney; NIH 3T3, mouse embryo) were tested.
(10) Tremolite may be determined at levels as low as 0.10% by weight, chrysotile 0.25%, and anthophyllite at 2.0% by weight occurrence in talc.
(11) The asbestos types were chrysotile, anthophyllite, amosite, and crocidolite and the man-made mineral fibres were rock wool and glass wool.
(12) Amosite and anthophyllite fibers were all finer than 0.9 micron and mainly less than 0.5 micron in diameter and had tendency to form type I asbestos bodies.
(13) In the lungs of six mesothelioma patients, anthophyllite was the main fiber type.
(14) Chrysotiles developed the largest amounts of lipid peroxides, followed by anthophyllite, amosite, and crocidolite in decreasing order.
(15) We studied five natural fibers (erionite, crocidolite, amosite, anthophyllite and chrysotile) and two man-made fibers (JM code 100 glass fibers and glass wool).
(16) The effect of parenteral administration of iron (dextran) on the number of asbestos fibers in the lungs, formation of asbestos bodies and the development of interstitial fibrosis was studied in guinea pigs exposed intratracheally to anthophyllite dust.
(17) Rats were exposed by inhalation to radioactive anthophyllite asbestos.
(18) These differences suggest that the major commerical varieties of amphibole asbestos (amosite and crocidolite) are the source of the fibers in men, whereas in women a major source may be cosmetic talc, which is often contaminated with anthophyllite and tremolite.
(19) One woman was apparently exposed to asbestos in the practice of her hobby of ceramics, in which she used anthophyllite-contaminated clay.
(20) The depressive activity of both serpentine (Canadian and Rhodesian chrysotiles) and amphibole (amosite, crocidolite, and anthophyllite) asbestos fibres on interferon induction by influenza virus was significantly diminished or abolished completely when either asbestos fibres or LLC-MK2 cell monolayers were pretreated with poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide).
Silicate
Definition:
(n.) A salt of silicic acid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Folch extraction and partition followed by silicic acid column chromatography revealed the antigens to be glycolipids.
(2) The UE and KE fractions were then separated by silicic acid column chromatography with a stepwise elution method using ether-hexane.
(3) Increased levels of influenza virus multiplication concomitant with decreased levels of interferon occurred in cell monolayers pretreated with silicates.
(4) The dissolution t50 and various pharmacokinetic parameters showed directly compressible starch and carboxymethylstarch to be the most effective disintegrants in the concentrations employed while magnesium aluminum silicate and microcrystalline cellulose were about equal but less effective than the previous disintegrants.
(5) As with SRS-A, pSRS could be absorbed onto Amberlite XAD-2 and silicic acid.
(6) The in vivo experiments confirmed previous reports concerning unfavourable pulp reaction caused by silicate cement, while the glass ionomer cement caused mainly a mild pulp reaction after 8 days of observation.
(7) The results are negative in swampy meadow -- habitats on siliceous soils.
(8) The origin of aluminum silicate inclusions in pulmonary macrophages has yet to be determined, although preliminary evidence strongly suggests that they are derived from inhaled tobacco smoke.
(9) Purification was achieved by sequential use of partitioning in solvents, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, base treatment, and silicic acid chromatography.
(10) Chromatography of rat-liver lipids on a column of silicic acid or a mixture of silicic acid and Hyflo Super-Cel, with chloroform-methanol mixtures, gave monophosphoinositide-containing fractions which were invariably contaminated by the presence of nitrogen-containing phospholipids.
(11) Hemolysis from silicates is decreased by interventions which remove superoxide anion or hydrogen peroxide from the medium, or by pretreatment of dusts with iron chelators.
(12) Condensation of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranose with benzyl 2-azido-4,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside in the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate gave crystalline benzyl 2-azido-4,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-ga lactopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (76%), which was converted into benzyl 2-azido-4,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-3-O-(2,6-di-O-benzyl-beta-D-galactopy ranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranoside and condensed with 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl bromide in the presence of silver silicate on alumina and molecular sieve 4 A to give 61% of benzyl O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1----4)- O-(2,6-di- O-benzyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1----3)-2-azido-4,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deo xy- beta-D-galactopyranoside.
(13) Total neutral and acidic glycosphingolipids were prepared from whole tissues of the sea-water bivalve, Meretrix lusoria, and the former preparation was further fractionated into subgroups by silicic acid column chromatography.
(14) Talc (magnesium silicate) is a widely used, generally considered benign substance.
(15) Silica is a component of talc (magnesium silicate) used as a drug filler.
(16) Silicic acid could, by hydrogen bonding, alter the conformation of organic macromolecules, since hydrogen bond association can inhibit silanol condensation.
(17) A novel phosphonoglycosphingolipid named SGL-I' containing 1 mol of 2-aminoethylphosphonate residue was isolated from the skin of Aplysia kurodai using two silicic acid chromatography systems.
(18) Treatment of exposed dentin with calcium hydroxide reduced the pulp irritating effect of silicate cement restorations, but induced only limited volumes of irregular secondary dentin formation.
(19) The activity to induce IgE antibody production by fly ash instillation was almost the same as that by aluminum silicate, studied previously.
(20) Isolated cells from the siliceous sponge Geodia cydonium as well as small primary aggregates (diameter: 70 mum) consisting of them show no increase in rates of programmed syntheses and mitotic activity with time.