(n.) A solid hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2H2.C6H4, which accompanies naphthalene in the last stages of the distillation of coal tar. Its chief use is in the artificial production of alizarin.
Example Sentences:
(1) Female CD-1 mice were initiated with 200 nmol 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene and topically promoted three times weekly for 20 weeks with doses of 25, 50, 100, or 200 nmol mirex.
(2) The inhibitory effect of topical garlic extract on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis in Syrian hamsters was studied to define the local anticarcinogenicity of garlic.
(3) Mitoxantrone is an anthracene derivative that acts as a cytostatic in a variety of cancers.
(4) In another series of experiments, the effects of an anion channel blocker, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (9-AA), were measured after stimulation of electrogenic HCO3- secretion with cAMP.
(5) --In this fashion, six polycyclic aromatic compounds with differing carcinogenic activities were tested:benzo(a)-pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, fluoranthene, and cyclopenteno (c,d)pyrene.
(6) A comparison of the relative cytosolic Ah (9S) receptor binding affinities and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) induction potencies of these hydrocarbons with their 4S protein binding affinities demonstrated the following: five compounds, namely 1,2,5,6-dibenz[a]-anthracene, 1,2,3,4-dibenz[a]anthracene, picene, benzo[a]pyrene and 3-methylcholanthrene exhibited high to moderate binding affinities for the 4S and 9S cytosolic proteins (EC50 values less than 10(-6) M) and induced AHH in rat hepatoma cells; three compounds, namely perylene, benzo[e]pyrene and benzo[g,h,i]perylene exhibited high affinities for the 4S binding protein (1.25 X 10(-7), 4.4 X 10(-8) and 2.9 X 10(-8) M, respectively) and low affinities (EC50 values greater than 10(-5) M) for the Ah receptor protein; moreover these three compounds did not induce AHH in rat hepatoma H-4-II E cells in culture.
(7) Anthracene, chrysene, benzo(e)pyrene and perylene did not significantly suppress the antibody-forming cell response compared to the corn oil vehicle controls.
(8) Heterotopic tracheal transplants of rats were exposed in vivo to 150 or 640 microng of 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) delivered over 2 weeks, and the epithelium was studied in vitro in an attempt to identify changes in growth behavior during early phases of neoplastic development.
(9) 5-Methylchrysene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene and benz[a]anthracene, which have relatively high IP, were inactive.
(10) The in vitro induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by the polycyclic hydrocarbons, 7,12-dimethylbena[a]anthracene and 3-methylcholanthrene and some of the related dihydrodiols was investigated.
(11) The results indicate that, in mouse skin microsomes, a cytochrome P-450 induced by benz(a)anthracene is enzymatically and immunochemically similar to rat liver cytochrome P-450MC-1.
(12) The PCAH's identified in SRF-carbon black were: anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(mno)fluoranthene, chrysene, 1,2-benzanthracene, 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene, 1,2-benzopyrene, 3,4-benzopyrene, perylene, o-phenylene pyrene 1,2-benzoperylene, anthanthrene, and coronene.
(13) In normal fibres in normal Ringer 3-chloro-2,5,6-trimethylbenzoic acid; 5,6-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-7-carboxybenz[c]acridine; phenanthrene-9-carboxylic acid; and anthracene-9-carboxylic acid at 10(-5)-10(-4)M decreased membrane conductance without consistently changing diameter or capacitance.
(14) An attempt was made to separate estrogen from prolactin dependency of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary tumors at 2.5 and 5 months after DMBA injection.
(15) Inducibility by dcAMP plus aminophylline or by benz (a) anthracene varied in different cell lines.
(16) Thus, the 8,9-dihydrodiol-10,11-epoxide of 7,12-dimethylbenz]a[anthracene, analogous to the biologically active 7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide of benzo]a[pyrene, a mutagen that is believed to be an active intermediate in carcinogenesis by benzo]a[pyrene, should probably exist preferentially in a conformation bearing the8-hydroxyl group in the axial orientation.
(17) Omission of adrenocorticotrophic hormone lowered the oxidation of mitochondrial glutathione induced by 7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene about twofold.
(18) 4,4'-DDT greater than aldrin, 4,4'-DDE and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) greater than 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (3-OH-B(a)P) greater than benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P).
(19) Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the mouse skin were produced by three different protocols of chemical carcinogenesis, i.e., complete carcinogenesis with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) two-stage carcinogenesis with DMBA as initiator, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) as promoter and three stage carcinogenesis with DMBA, TPA and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) as third-stage agent or progressor.
(20) Sphingosine (SPH) was studied as an inhibitor of skin tumor promotion in skin cancer initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene (DMBA) and promoted by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).
Hydrocarbon
Definition:
(n.) A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon, as methane, benzene, etc.; also, by extension, any of their derivatives.
Example Sentences:
(1) The high transition enthalpy for kerasin is ascribed to a lesser accommodation of gauche conformers in the hydrocarbon chains just below the transition temperature.
(2) Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) inducibility, carbon monoxide in expired air (CO), serum gammaglutamyl-transferase (GGT), and total cholesterol were compared in equal-sized, age-matched samples of healthy middle-aged males born in 1921, 1934-1936, and 1946 attending the ongoing preventive medical population program in Malmö.
(3) The length of the hydrocarbon chains of the surface-modified silica supports had no significant influence on the selectivity.
(4) The specificity of binding to microsomal proteins of metabolically activated hydrocarbons has been studied.
(5) Aryl hydrocarbon (benzo(a)pyrene) hydroxylase is present and inducible in Buffalo rat liver cells in culture.
(6) The possible occupational cause of the disease, as more solvents in the mud have the structure of aromatic hydrocarbons is discussed.
(7) Experiments with a series of adsorbents homologous with CPAD-Sepharose, in which the length of the hydrocarbon chain was varied, provided strong evidence of hydrophobic interactions, in addition to ionic interactions, in the binding of these proteins to CPAD-Sepharose.
(8) In the hydrocarbon promotion study, dose related increases were observed in the incidence of ACF in male rats promoted with UG or 50 ppm TMP for 24 or 60 weeks.
(9) The results also demonstrated that there was not any apparent correlation between the receptor-binding avidities and in vitro monooxygenase enzyme-induction potencies for the most active polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.
(10) Both main-stream and side-stream cigarette smoke condensates and some fractions, containing water-soluble bases, water-insoluble bases, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, were found to induce AHH activity in lung and liver, the lung being induced to the greatest extent.
(11) Pancreas transplantation offers the possibility of preventing the development and progression of diabetic lesions by adequate control of hydrocarbon metabolism.
(12) A comparison of the relative cytosolic Ah (9S) receptor binding affinities and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) induction potencies of these hydrocarbons with their 4S protein binding affinities demonstrated the following: five compounds, namely 1,2,5,6-dibenz[a]-anthracene, 1,2,3,4-dibenz[a]anthracene, picene, benzo[a]pyrene and 3-methylcholanthrene exhibited high to moderate binding affinities for the 4S and 9S cytosolic proteins (EC50 values less than 10(-6) M) and induced AHH in rat hepatoma cells; three compounds, namely perylene, benzo[e]pyrene and benzo[g,h,i]perylene exhibited high affinities for the 4S binding protein (1.25 X 10(-7), 4.4 X 10(-8) and 2.9 X 10(-8) M, respectively) and low affinities (EC50 values greater than 10(-5) M) for the Ah receptor protein; moreover these three compounds did not induce AHH in rat hepatoma H-4-II E cells in culture.
(13) It was found that HBSAg was strongly bound to straight hydrocarbon chains with more than seven carbon atoms.
(14) The parent hydrocarbons and the related K-region dihydrodiols induced some sister-chromatid exchanges but they were considerably less active than these two non-K-region diols.
(15) The effect of various fuel additives on the ability of platinum-palladium catalytic converters to remove the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon components of automotive exhaust has been examined.
(16) Other chlorinated hydrocarbons as decachlorobiphenyl, pentachloronaphthalene, hexachloronaphthalene and hexachlorostyrene were identified, but not quantified.
(17) It has been estimated that natural oil seeps may also contribute as much as 10% of the hydrocarbons in the global marine environment.
(18) The metabolic fate of the carcinogenic aza-aromatic hydrocarbon 7-methyl[7-(14)C]benz[c]acridine (14C-7MBAC) was studied in hepatocytes freshly isolated from untreated, phenobarbital-pretreated and 3-methylcholanthrene-pretreated rats.
(19) Renal cytochrome P450, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase, and benzphetamine N-demethylase were increased after partial hepatectomy by 84%, 360%, 165% and 406%, respectively.
(20) Antioxidants devoid of hydrocarbon tails, are 10-20 fold more potent LPO inhibitors than the corresponding AOs with hydrocarbon tails.