(1) It was concluded that metoclopramide and dexamethasone showed an excellent antiemetic effect on acute drug-induced emesis, as well as on delayed emesis, induced by cisplatin.
(2) Alizapride (ALZ) is a new benzamide derivative with promising antiemetic activity.
(3) Overall, antiemetic protection was appreciable: complete emetic protection (no emetic episodes) was observed in 71 and 66% of patients receiving MPN 375 and 120 mg, respectively.
(4) This paper identifies important factors in selecting antiemetic therapy, particularly the emetogenic potential of the chemotherapy and the fact that antiemetic drugs have differing sites of action.
(5) Only 2 patients (8%) did not experience an improvement of their symptoms in any of the treatment cycles as measured by a self-conducted grading of nausea and by the frequency of vomiting in comparison to a previous treatment cycle under conventional antiemetic therapy.
(6) Gastrointestinal disturbances--vomiting and diarrhea--were also common, despite a low initial dose of PGE2 and premedication with antiemetic and antidiarrheal agents.
(7) The antiemetic effect and the therapeutic effect of domperidone on complaints by gastrointestinal retention was the result of the influence on gastrointestinal motility, which is similar to that of metoclopramide.
(8) Further, a metabolite of haloperidol seems to be responsible for its effective antiemetic action.
(9) Strategies to support chemotherapy dose intensification include BMT, use of CSFs and antiemetic drug combinations.
(10) The maintenance of the antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron was further studied in 28 patients (13 A, 15 B) in respectively 36 and 48 retreatment courses.
(11) It possesses at the same time potent gastro-intestinal prokinetic and central antiemetic properties, demonstrated on the one hand by the gastro-duodenal transit of barium meal in rats, and on the other hand by apomorphine-induced vomiting in dogs.
(12) Both findings demonstrate that bismuth subsalicylate can provide antiemetic action and that the decreases in the occurrence of emesis in humans and dogs parallels the decrease in nausea found in humans and the nausea suspected to occur prior to emesis in dogs.
(13) A randomized, double blind crossover trial compared the antiemetic effects of alizapride, a benzamide, and prochlorperazine, a phenothiazine, both administered intravenously to 32 patients treated with chemotherapy combinations containing cisplatin.
(14) The results indicate that 5-HT3 recognition sites are present within the area postrema and may afford an antiemetic site of action for zacopride and other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.
(15) In early clinical trials alizapride showed a better antiemetic activity with fewer side effects than metoclopramide.
(16) The most frequent side effect was vomiting, registered in all patients despite antiemetic treatment.
(17) There were very few and slight adverse effects secondary to antiemetic drugs: Sedation happened in 25% of chemotherapic cycles and hypotension without clinical repercussion in 15%.
(18) The basis of the antiemetic action of other drugs such as dexamethasone and the cannabinoids is still obscure.
(19) Less recognized is that extrapyramidal symptoms are also associated with certain non-antipsychotic agents, including some antidepressants, lithium, various anticonvulsants, antiemetics and, rarely, oral-contraceptive agents.
(20) Diphenhydramine was used because of its possible antiemetic properties and its ability to control acute dystonic reactions.
Emetic
Definition:
(a.) Inducing to vomit; exciting the stomach to discharge its contents by the mouth.
(n.) A medicine which causes vomiting.
Example Sentences:
(1) Postoperative nausea and vomiting have been associated with the use of intravenous narcotics, and nitrous oxide may worsen the emetic effects of narcotics.
(2) The altered SEA that lacked the three C-terminal residues of SEA caused T-cell proliferation but was not emetic; this altered SEA was degraded in vitro by monkey stomach lavage fluid and did not reach in the gel double diffusion assay.
(3) Overall, antiemetic protection was appreciable: complete emetic protection (no emetic episodes) was observed in 71 and 66% of patients receiving MPN 375 and 120 mg, respectively.
(4) Metoclopramide administered before induction of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery appears to significantly reduce both pre- and postdelivery emetic symptoms without apparent adverse effects on mother or neonate.
(5) Emetics used occasionally in the USA, and also frequently administered in Europe to the turn of the present century, are no longer used for treatment in Germany.
(6) WA 335 is equally efficient as pimethixene with regard to the inhibition of spontaneous motility and prolongation of barbiturate sleep in mice, and shows the same anti-emetic activity as does chlorpromazine in dogs.
(7) The emetic response to intracerebroventricular (ICV) nicotine as well as the vomiting produced by intragastric copper sulfate was depressed or abolished in cats pretreated with ICV reserpine.
(8) An investigation on the mechanism of action of bilharcid and tartar-emetic produced the following results.
(9) The toxicity of Estracyt manifests itself with gastrointestinal disorders, which in most cases are amenable to anti-emetic treatment.
(10) In experiments on cats it was found that piracetam in a dose-dependent way prevented the emetic effect of morphine and leu-enkephalin.
(11) In one publication there was found even a 50% reduction of emetic symptoms compared with placebo.
(12) The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, GR 38032F, which possesses potent anti-emetic properties in vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapeutic drugs, has been tested to determine its value in the prophylaxis of motion sickness induced by cross-coupled stimulation.
(13) Bilateral surgical ablation of the emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema rendered the dogs refractory to several times (3-6) the threshold emetic dose of cyclopropane.
(14) Another possible mechanism could be by interacting with liver metabolism, resulting in the production of irregular metabolites, which in turn possess "emetic" qualities.
(15) Serious methodological problems with studies of emetic therapy with alcoholics preclude unambiguous evaluation of its effects.
(16) In early pregnancy, serum levels of cortisol and progesterone were significantly lower in emetic subjects.
(17) Radiation sickness developed in 83 and 39% of upper half-body irradiation and lower half-body irradiation treatments respectively and the incidence is not reduced by sedatives or anti-emetics.
(18) The emetic action of 4-(m-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2- butynyltrimethylammonium chloride (McN-A-343) was investigated in the unanaesthetized cat, after it was injected into the cerebral ventricles, through chronically-implanted cannulae.
(19) This trial has assessed the contribution of high dose metoclopramide to anti-emetic control when given with dexamethasone and lorazepam.
(20) A relationship between antagonism patterns of emetic responses induced by Cisplatin and apomorphine was discussed.