(n.) An elementary substance, resembling a metal in its appearance and physical properties, but in its chemical relations belonging to the class of nonmetallic substances. Atomic weight, 120. Symbol, Sb.
Example Sentences:
(1) By means of rapid planar Hill type antimony-bismuth thermophiles the initial heat liberated by papillary muscles was measured synchronously with developed tension for control (C), pressure-overload (GOP), and hypothyrotic (PTU) rat myocardium (chronic experiments) and after application of 10(-6) M isoproterenol or 200 10(-6) M UDCG-115.
(2) This area was selected for study because of its large mineral deposits and concentration of elements, e.g., iron, copper, silver, antimony, and particularly mercury.
(3) The inhibition of osmotic stimulated water flow in the isolated toad bladder by 0.1 mM sodium stibogluconate (pentavalent antimony) is described.
(4) The antimony in metallic kitchen ware was determined.
(5) Although previously published animal data suggest utility of Tc-99m stannous phytate for lymph-node imaging, Tc-99m antimony sulfide was shown in this clinical comparison to provide a more reliable representation of lymph-node anatomy.
(6) Rather surprising were the contents of mercury, indium, and cadmium found in some of the alloys as well as the low-level concentration of lead, and in a few cases antimony.
(7) Organic antimonials were most active when anmastigotes were exposed to them prior to entry of the parasites into host cells.
(8) Ureastibamine, a pentavalent antimonial, reduced the parasitic load in the 60-day model of infection of L. donovani in hamsters.
(9) As dosage regimens for treating leishmaniasis have evolved, the daily dose of antimony and the duration of therapy have been progressively increased to combat unresponsiveness to therapy.
(10) To obtain the usual values of arsenic, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, mercury, methyl mercury, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, antimony, vanadium, and zinc in the normal human body, the amounts of 15 metals were determined in 15 male and 15 female Japanese cadavers (average weight, 55 kg [121 lb]).
(11) It is an effective alternative to antimony therapy, and in some cases resistant to antimony, it may be the drug of choice.
(12) Solid state memories are preferred, glass or antimony electrodes may be used and the data analysis should be performed on an ordinary personal computer.
(13) There is only a few hundred ohms resistance between an antimony pH electrode and the reference electrode so that the voltage generated can be recorded with simple low-impedance recorders linked to microcomputers.
(14) A series of 31 patients presenting with skin lesions with positive smears for leishmania parasites were treated with sodium stibogluconate (each ml of injection containing the equivalent of 100 mg pentavalent antimony).
(15) FEV1 was recorded at regular intervals during the hour of provocation, and acid reflux (pH less than 4) was monitored by antimony pH electrodes in the esophagus.
(16) This difference could be corrected by a modified calibration, using the external skin reference electrode of the antimony electrode (finger calibration).
(17) When healed lesions of 14 of these subjects were re-biopsied 1 to 12 months after the end of pentavalent antimonial therapy, MHC class II antigens could no longer be seen on keratinocytes.
(18) Dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum Nicolle were treated with three courses of meglumine antimoniate.
(19) Lines expressing lmpgpA showed resistance to arsenite and trivalent antimonials, but not to pentavalent antimonials, zinc, cadmium, or the typical multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein substrates vinblastine and puromycin.
(20) Therefore data recorded with antimony electrodes cannot be compared with those recorded with glass electrodes.
Proteus
Definition:
(n.) A sea god in the service of Neptune who assumed different shapes at will. Hence, one who easily changes his appearance or principles.
(n.) A genus of aquatic eel-shaped amphibians found in caves in Austria. They have permanent external gills as well as lungs. The eyes are small and the legs are weak.
(n.) A changeable protozoan; an amoeba.
Example Sentences:
(1) The transference by conjugation of protease genetic information between Proteus mirabilis strains only occurs upon mobilization by a conjugative plasmid such as RP4 (Inc P group).
(2) Both Shigella and Salmonella transferred multi-drug resistance to some enterobacteria--E. coli and Proteus as well as to Salmonella typhimurium when the latter was also present in the intestinal tract; of these some 10--40 per cent acquire the multi-drug resistance of Salmonella heidelberg and Shigella sonnei.
(3) In addition, it has excellent antibacterial activity against indole-positive Proteus strains against which conventional Cephalosporins are ineffective.
(4) Bacteria isolated in urine cultures were: Escherichia coli (60%); Proteus mirabilis (10%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter sp.
(5) Over 90% of gram-negative bacilli, except Proteus spp., were inhibited by 3.12 mug of BB-K8 per ml.
(6) Eight of the nine (88.9%) Proteus vulgaris isolates gave a positive spot indole test; one (11.1%) gave a negative result.
(7) Except for Proteus mirabilis none of the bacteria were digested with the liberation of soluble materials into the medium.
(8) When the original ratio was 100:1, the staphylococci did not reach 5 x 10(6) cells per milliliter at 10, 15, 22, or 30 C (with one exception), when growing with cultures representing six species of coliform bacteria and two of Proteus.
(9) It inhibited some Enterobacter and indole-positive Proteus, but it was less active against these later species than was cefamandole, cefuroxime, or cefoxitin.
(10) Proteus mirabilis 2573 (ATCC 49565) produces an acidic capsular polysaccharide which was shown from glycose analysis, carboxyl reduction, methylation, periodate oxidation, and the application of one dimensional and two-dimensional high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance techniques to be a high-molecular-weight polymer of branched trisaccharide units composed of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine), 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-L-galactose (N-acetyl-L-fucosamine), and D-glucuronic acid, having the structure: [formula: see text] P. mirabilis 2573 also produces an O:6 serotype lipopolysaccharide in which the O-chain component has the same structure as the homologous capsular polysaccharide.
(11) Proteus vaccine introduced in combination with adsorbed staphylococcal toxoid essentially stimulated the synthesis of anti-alpha-staphylolysin.
(12) Netilmycin was found to be effective against Staphylococci, Pseudomonas and Enterobacter, Ceftizoxime against Serratia, Acinetobacter, Proteus and Klebsiella.
(13) At 1, 3, 7, and 14 days, intrapulmonary killing was assessed by inhalation challenge with Staphylococcus aureus or Proteus mirabilis and by comparing the number of viable bacteria remaining in the lungs at 4 h between O3-exposed and control animals.
(14) The effect of Brilliant Green on motility was studied with Salmonella anatum, S. derby, S. tennessee, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
(15) Subsequent fecal samples showed a progressive supplantation of E coli by Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus.
(16) Most (88%) of the isolated bacteria were Gram-negative rods of the species E. coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Proteus, Serratia, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter.
(17) The Proteus syndrome, with its hemihypertrophy, macrodactyly and exostoses, has features which would indicate that the phenotype results from such events.
(18) Synergy of TOB with CET could be demonstrated against 83% of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 78% of E. coli, 44% of Proteus rettgeri and 39% of Proteus inconstans.
(19) Combinations of gentamicin-nalidixic acid against Proteus mirabilis and rifampin-amphotericin B against Candida albicans are used as examples to demonstrate the technique.
(20) In 1950 the 1st case of gram-negative shock to be recognized as such occurred in a 93-year-old man who suffered shock due to a Proteus bacteremia following a transurethral resection.