(n.) Native phosphate of lime, occurring usually in six-sided prisms, color often pale green, transparent or translucent.
Example Sentences:
(1) Thirty-eight fluids were found to have crystals (monosodium urate (MSU) in 15, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) in 5, CPPD plus apatite-like crystals in 9, apatite-like clumps alone in 8 and lipid liquid in 1).
(2) Collagen and apatite have been extracted from full bone using well known methods.
(3) These results show that Mg-containing apatites dissolve to a greater extent than Mg-free apatites with the subsequent reprecipitation of Mg-poor apatites.
(4) Both in the HA and the dental mineral systems, the results are consistent with the precipitation of another carbonate-containing apatitic phase during equilibration.
(5) Pure monoclinic or triclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals, apatite crystals or mixtures of these crystals were injected into the synovial-like space created by the rat air pouch to compare the acute inflammation induced by these crystals.
(6) The findings in X-ray analysis had the best correlation with chemical analysis, which was applied mainly to the detection of apatite.
(7) Three presented atypically with calcific periarthritis (due to apatite) in the absence of osteopenia; two had classical presentation with osteopenic fracture; and one was the asymptomatic father of one of the patients with calcific periarthritis.
(8) The radiographic feature is characteristic, and the examination of the material removed from synovial sheath or from calcific deposits allows apatite crystals to be identified.
(9) The findings evidence changed ratio and concentrations of chemical elements and complexes (apatite phases) in the mineral component structure.
(10) The results of the present constant composition (CC) studies show that defect apatites may be formed under conditions of sustained supersaturation with a non-stoichiometric coefficient dependent on the pH of the growth medium.
(11) On histologic examination, the one and two-day-old infarcts exhibited subendocardially located central zones and surrounding peripheral zones, both of which showed distinctive histopathological and histochemical features, including the selective occurrence in the peripheral zones of calcified muscle cells with ultrastructurally demonstrable apatite-like crystals in mitochondria.
(12) The surface is stabilized, i.e., leaching is retarded, by the rapid Ca,P-accumulation within the silica structure before apatite crystals are observed on the surface.
(13) On the other hand, synchrotron X-ray diffraction data clearly indicate that apatite lattice parameters do not change as the crystals get larger.
(14) The present study was undertaken to determine the adsorption isotherms of Mg ions onto synthetic apatites and biominerals in tooth and bone tissues in the presence of other ions of natural occurrence.
(15) The loss of the organic phosphate groups significantly increased the operational lag time, but did not abolish nucleation of apatite crystals by the bone collagen fibrils essentially devoid of Ser(P) and Thr(P).
(16) Synthetic hydroxyapatite has long been used in chromatography because of the bonding capacity apatite surface has for certain proteins and polynucleotides.
(17) A large number of trace elements has been found in calcium stones (whewellite, weddellite, and apatite) and in struvite.
(18) The heats of adsorption of small molecules on bone and apatite surfaces show that these materials have polarizing surfaces which form strong bonds with polar and polarizable molecules.
(19) Fe-containing fluoridated apatites were less well crystallized than Fe-free fluoridated apatites.
(20) The results of kinetic studies are presented for two forms of soluble 3':5'-AMP-dependent protein kinase, obtained by DEAE-cellulose and hydroxyl apatite chromography.
Fluoride
Definition:
(n.) A binary compound of fluorine with another element or radical.
Example Sentences:
(1) The fluoride treated specimens released more fluoride than the nontreated ones.
(2) In the fall of 1975, 1,915 children in grades K through eight began a school-based program of supervised weekly rinsing with 0.2 percent aqueous solution of sodium fluoride in an unfluoridated community in the Finger Lakes area of upstate New York.
(3) Furthermore, the effect of immunization was examined in monkeys previously given fluoride in their diet and which had developed a low incidence of dental caries when offered a human type of diet containing about 15 per cent sucrose.
(4) If salt fluoridation could also be generalized, caries levels could be reduced to a fraction of their initial values.
(5) The effect of dietary fluoride (F) on nephrocalcinosis was studied in young, female rats.
(6) The model has been used to evaluate mineral changes from the use of fluoride dentifrices and rinses, chewing gum, and food sequencing.
(7) Thirty-six investigations were made using a number of lithium fluoride micro-rods for each investigation.
(8) It has been 40 years since the first community in the United States added a regulated amount of fluoride to its public water supply to prevent tooth decay.
(9) In spite of low fluoride content in their water supply, the findings revealed a generally low prevalence of caries experience (DMFT 1.26).
(10) Three esterase inhibitors, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, bis-(p-nitrophenyl)-phosphate, and diisopropylfluorophosphate, had no effect on the antidote effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine, although each provided partial protection against acetaminophen poisoning.
(11) Duraphat-treated samples submerged in water after the exposure lost only about 50% of the deposited fluoride, whereas samples treated with 2% NaF are known to lose all their fluoride under similar circumstances, a condition which may be related to the favorable clinical effect of Duraphat.
(12) We suggest that sick districts can be affirmed on the basis of the total amount of fluoride intake, the prevalence rates of dental fluorosis, bad incomplete teeth, milk-teeth and the mean output of urinary fluoride between 8 and 15 years of age.
(13) This study shows a relatively mild level of dental fluorosis in a sample of children from a non-fluoridated area.
(14) The deacetylation step is catalysed by an acetyl hydrolase sensitive to the serine-hydrolase inhibitor PMSF (phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride) [Touqui, Jacquemin, Dumarey & Vargaftig (1985) Biochim.
(15) The average percentages of distribution of SMFA (organic fluoride) in plasma, liver, and kidneys were 7.05, 5.07 and 1.68, respectively.
(16) There is no in vivo evidence that fluoride affects human cellular enzyme activities.
(17) The conclusions were: (1) Lesions on the occlusal tended to be deeper than those on the root surfaces at four weeks but not at two weeks; and (2) the high-fluoride gel was more protective than the low-fluoride remineralizing solution at both time periods on the occlusal but not on the root surface.
(18) The salivary clearance of sugar and fluoride is influenced by several physiological factors not yet fully investigated or understood.
(19) Prolonged coating duration from 24 hours to 1 week did not increase uptake and penetration of fluoride from both varnishes.
(20) Where no fluoride was taken zero dmf scores were 41-69 per cent.