(1) We studied the effects of the localisation and size of ischemic brain infarcts and the influence of potential covariates (gender, age, time since infarction, physical handicap, cognitive impairment, aphasia, cortical atrophy and ventricular size) on 'post-stroke depression'.
(2) Patients with severe aphasia or cognitive impairment who could not communicate well enough for the administration of depression rating scales were excluded.
(3) Among these associated neurological features, only aphasia and apraxia were present in mildly demented cases with sufficient frequency to suggest utility as diagnostic signs early in the course of the disease.
(4) Moreover, on the basis of the results of accumulated lesions on 127 cases with various types of aphasia, the highly involved sites were determined as Broca's area, Wernicke's area and conduction area, and the sizes of the lesions in each area were also determined.
(5) We examined a 55-year-old right-handed woman showing transient coma, amnesia, mild right hemiparesis, vertical gaze impairment and aphonia without aphasia.
(6) Hemiplegia and aphasia, when present, usually regressed within a few months.
(7) For fluency (from the Western Aphasia Battery), subcortical structural damage had direct and indirect (through frontal lobe) effects on the behavior.
(8) In eleven cases the aphasia was due to cerebrovascular disease and in the remaining four cases to traumatic injury to the brain.
(9) Of the four primarily cortical deficits assessed, three (visual field abnormalities, neglect, and aphasia) showed a highly significant graded relationship to the cardiac risk groups.
(10) In reviewing the literature, it was found that these patients were similar to those reported with progressive aphasia.
(11) During the technical and clinical work with the PicBox program we have had the reason and possibility to reflect on the relation between aphasia, language and thinking.
(12) The meaning of the emotional reaction shown by left brain-damaged patients seems easy to understand, if we consider that these subjects are affected by aphasia and by a paresis of the right hand.
(13) Broca's aphasia is characterized by disorders on the phonemic, syntactic and lexical level of linguistic description.
(14) We have made a detailed neurolinguistic study of a patient with motor aphasia.
(15) The extent and severity of his global aphasia were unchanged.
(16) The Landau-Kleffner syndrome is a rare form of acquired childhood aphasia associated with convulsive disorder.
(17) Attention is drawn to the existence of this rare form of aphasia and to the lack of appropriate educational facilities for aphasic children in general.
(18) The patient had an episode of aphasia 15 years ago, but recovered within 6 months.
(19) Clinical manifestations may include transient aphasia and weakness of the limbs with pyramidal signs.
(20) We report here the result of neuropsychological evaluation in a case of associative visual agnosia evolving to optic aphasia.
Brain
Definition:
(n.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the fore-, mid-, and hind-brain.
(n.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.
(n.) The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding.
(n.) The affections; fancy; imagination.
(v. t.) To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat.
(v. t.) To conceive; to understand.
Example Sentences:
(1) Here we have asked whether protection from blood-borne antigens afforded by the blood-brain barrier is related to the lack of MHC expression.
(2) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(3) First results let us assume that clinically silent TIAs also (in analogy to clinically silent brain infarctions) could be detected and located.
(4) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(5) The results indicated that neuropsychological measures may serve to broaden the concept of intelligence and that a brain-related criterion may contribute to a fuller understanding of its nature.
(6) To quantify the size of the lesion in mice, the area of the infarct on the brain surface was assessed planimetrically 48 h after MCA occlusion by transcardial perfusion of carbon black.
(7) However, CT will be insensitive in the detection of the more cephalic proximal lesions, especially those in the brain stem, basal cisterns, and skull base.
(8) The fine structure of neurofibrillary tangles in the hippocampal gyrus, substantia nigra, pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus of the brain was postmortem studied in a case of progressive supranuclear palsy.
(9) We similarly evaluated the ability of other phospholipids to form stable foam at various concentrations and ethanol volume fractions and found: bovine brain sphingomyelin greater than dipalmitoyl 3-sn-phosphatidylcholine greater than egg sphingomyelin greater than egg lecithin greater than phosphatidylglycerol.
(10) This study examined the [3H]5-HT-releasing properties of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and related agents, all of which cause significant release of [3H]5-HT from rat brain synaptosomes.
(11) In the present investigation we monitored the incorporation of [14C] from [U-14C]glucose into various rat brain glycolytic intermediates of conscious and pentobarbital-anesthetized animals.
(12) Cranial MRI revealed delayed myelination in the white matter but no brain malformation.
(13) When compared with lissencephalic species, a great horizontal fibrillary system (which is vertically arranged in gyral regions) was observed in convoluted brains.
(14) In more than 70 per cent of these, brain injury is the decisive lethal factor.
(15) Brain damage may be followed by a number of dynamic events including reactive synaptogenesis, rerouting of axons to unusual locations and altered axon retraction processes.
(16) Based on our results, we propose the following hypotheses for the neurochemical mechanisms of motion sickness: (1) the histaminergic neuron system is involved in the signs and symptoms of motion sickness, including vomiting; (2) the acetylcholinergic neuron system is involved in the processes of habituation to motion sickness, including neural store mechanisms; and (3) the catecholaminergic neuron system in the brain stem is not related to the development of motion sickness.
(17) The regional distribution of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes was found to be similar to that seen in the rat brain.
(18) We assessed changes in brain water content, as reflected by changes in tissue density, during the early recirculation period following severe forebrain ischemia.
(19) If tracer is introduced into the carotid artery after osmotic treatment, brain uptake is increased by a net factor of 50 (a factor of 70 due to elevation of PA, multiplied by 7 due to infusion by the carotid route) as compared to uptake by normal, untreated brain with infusion into a peripheral vein.
(20) This study examined both the effect of variations in optical fiber tip and in light wavelength on laser-induced hyperthermia in rat brain.