(1) The findings of both apoD and LCAT synthesis in the brain suggest that they play a significant role in lipid transport in the brain.
(2) ApoD, isolated by a procedure combining hydroxylapatite and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, migrated on 7% polyacrylamide gel as a single band with a mobility intermediate between those of A-II and C-II polypeptides.
(3) However, immunocytochemical localization of apoD in 12 tissues (liver, kidney, bladder, adrenal, cerebrum, duodenum, testis, lung, spleen, pancreas, heart, and skin) showed that a variety of cells contained substantial levels of apolipoprotein.
(4) Carbohydrate analysis demonstrated that ApoD is a glycoprotein with glucose, mannose, galactose, glucosamine, and sialic acid accounting for 18% of the dry weight of ApoD.
(5) The role of ApoD in the plasma lipoprotein system remains to be discovered, but the recent, rapid increase in our knowledge of this protein suggests that it plays an important role in the homeostasis or housekeeping of probably all organs.
(6) The importance of the Stiles-Crawford apodization depends on the wave aberration of the individual subject, but in general it produces an improvement in image quality, and the modulation transfer function becomes more symmetrical.
(7) The relationship between the ultrasound beam and the observed signal spectrum has been investigated by employing a computer-based model of the ultrasound field which enabled the calculation of: 1, pressure (amplitude and phase angle) field distributions from plane disc and focused transducers with unapodized and apodized aperture field distributions; 2, the Doppler signal from a scatterer moving through the field; and 3, the spectrum of this signal.
(8) When injected into rabbits it produced antisera that reacted only with ApoD.
(9) It is concluded that a fraction of human apoD, like other cysteine-containing apolipoproteins, exists as a disulfide-linked heterodimer with other apolipoproteins in all major human lipoprotein fractions.
(10) Thus, our results show that the apoD gene is expressed mainly in peripheral organs, with levels as high as 59-fold that of the liver, unlike other apolipoproteins.
(11) This report describes further studies on the characterization of apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a recently recognized human plasma apolipoprotein, and presents results on the isolation and distribution of its lipoprotein form, lipoprotein D (LP-D).
(12) In this report we have identified the apolipoprotein by partial amino acid sequence analysis as apolipoprotein (apo) D. Characterization of rat apoD by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed it to be composed of a series of molecular weight isoforms of between 27 kDa and 31 kDa that increase 2 kDa in apparent molecular mass upon reduction.
(13) The chemical structure of the natural ligand, or ligands, of ApoD in normal cells in vivo or in culture is not known, but ApoD has been shown to bind some steroids and bilirubin.
(14) Results showed that patients with GSD-I have a unique apolipoprotein profile characterized by normal or slightly decreased levels of ApoA-I and ApoA-II, reduced concentrations of ApoD, and significantly increased levels of ApoC-I and ApoC-II (p less than 0.01) and ApoB, ApoC-III, and ApoE (p less than 0.0001) in comparison with age- and sex-matched normolipidemic controls.
(15) All plasmas tested contained apoD and an Mr 38,000 antigen, the latter being the most immunoreactive.
(16) The reactions of antibodies to apoA-I, apoA-II, apoE, apoB, apoD, and apoA-IV have revealed discrete bands of particles which differ widely in size and apolipoprotein composition.
(17) The structure of ApoD and its sites of synthesis have been discovered.
(18) Specifically, apoD mRNA was abundant near blood vessels and was expressed mostly in fibroblast-like cells, in particular in the testis, the efferent ducts, the ductus epididymis, the lung, and the subarachnoid space of the CNS.
(19) This high degree of similarity shows that the rabbit system can be used as a model for apoD studies.
(20) In this report, we have identified two apolipoproteins (apo), apoD and apoA-IV, that, together with the previously identified apoA-I and apoE, accumulate in the regenerating peripheral nerve.
Spod
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) After all, I don't want to upset any stopwatch-wielding spod accountants out there.