(n.) One of the processes of the shell which project inwards and unite with one another, in the thorax of many Crustacea.
Example Sentences:
(1) Immunofluorescence microscopy located it to embryonic basement membranes, particularly to the sequentially invaginated envelope of the central nervous system, muscle apodemes and dorsal median cell processes.
(2) Simultaneous recordings from certain spiking local interneurons and certain flexor motor neurons show that they receive many synaptic potentials in common and are driven in a parallel fashion by movements of the receptor apodeme.
(3) In contrast to many insect muscles which are simple (consisting of only a single bundle of muscle fibers), the ETi is a complex muscle which consists of an array of bundles of muscle fibers, each with a separate site of insertion on the body wall ectoderm and on the ETi apodeme ectoderm.
(4) Afferents excited by a movement of the receptor apodeme that is equivalent to an imposed extension of the femorotibial joint excite flexor tibiae motor neurons and some spiking local interneurons with cell bodies at the ventral midline of the metathoracic ganglion.
(5) Earlier work has shown that it is possible to determine the calendar age of Culex and Aedes mosquitos by counting the daily layers of cuticular growth on the inner apodemes.
(6) Subsequent growth occurs by symmetrical addition of MPs distally along the sides of the developing apodeme and by enlargement of the individual MPs.
(7) Both are complex, consisting of an array of bundles of muscle fibers connecting the ectoderm of the wall of the femur with their respective apodemes.
(8) A new method of determining age in certain Diptera, including Culex and Aedes mosquitos, involves counting-sometimes with the aid of staining techniques-the layers of cuticle growth that form daily at different points (inner apodemes) of the skeleton.
(9) The extensor tibiae muscle produces a maximum isometric force of over 15 N at 30 degrees C and, when loaded with the extensor apodeme and semilunar processes, attains this force in 0.3 sec with a strain of 0.8 mm.
(10) The semilunar processes of each metafemur store 4 mJ at a stress of 15 N, and the extensor tibiae apodeme stores a further 3 mJ at the same stress.
(11) This MP then dramatically expands around the developing apodeme to form a large horseshoe-shaped, multinucleate cell, called the supramuscle pioneer (supra-MP); the number of nuclei in the supra-MP increases by cell fusion rather than by nuclear division.
(12) The former species is very similar to Caminacarus deirochelys but differs in the form of the dorsal shield which has longer lateral elongations and the median dorsal elongation does not extend to the genital sclerite, structure of the anterodorsal wall of the gnathosomal base which is closed forming a ringlike apodeme, and structure of the tarsal setae as well as the presence of one additional seta on the dorsal surface of tarsus III.
(13) Furthermore, all chordotonal organs and the apodemes are marked by beta 1 tubulin.
(14) We have used the I-5 monoclonal antibody (which specifically labels the MPs as well as the nerve pathways), HRP immunocytochemistry, and Normarski optics to visualize muscle, nerve, and apodeme development in the embryonic metathoracic limb bud from 27.5% (before the appearance of the MPs) to 55% (after the muscles have attained their basic adult pattern).
(15) We used daily growth bands on the thoracic apodemes to estimate age and survival of Culex pipiens s.l.
(16) The FlTi MPs first appear as two cells symmetrically placed on the corners of the FlTi apodeme at around 37%.
(17) In the intron between +0.44 kb and +2.5 kb enhancer elements are located that drive the expression in the chordotonal organs and the apodemes.
(18) The ligament cells are, themselves, attached to an apodeme that extends in from the tibia.
(19) In this first paper, we present an overview of the development of muscles, nerves, and apodemes (tendons).
(20) By about 50% of embryonic development the ETi supra-MP consists of a periodic series of bridges (cytoplasmic extensions) connecting the leg wall ectoderm with the apodeme, and linked into a giant syncytium near their inner, apodeme surface by a thin layer of cytoplasm containing hundreds of nuclei.
Muscle
Definition:
(n.) An organ which, by its contraction, produces motion.
(n.) The contractile tissue of which muscles are largely made up.
(n.) Muscular strength or development; as, to show one's muscle by lifting a heavy weight.
(n.) See Mussel.
Example Sentences:
(1) The extents of phospholipid hydrolysis were relatively low in brain homogenates, synaptic plasma membranes and heart ventricular muscle.
(2) It was found that the skeletal muscle enzyme of the chick embryo is independent of the presence of creatine and consequently is another constitutive enzyme like the creatine kinase of the early embryonic chick heart.
(3) These immunocytochemical studies clearly demonstrated that cells encountered within the fibrous intimal thickening in the vein graft were inevitably smooth muscle cell in origin.
(4) We have amended and added to Fabian's tables giving a functional assessment of individual masticatory muscles.
(5) During the performance of propulsive waves of the oesophagus the implanted vagus nerve caused clonic to tetanic contractions of the sternohyoid muscle, thus proving the oesophagomotor genesis of the reinnervating nerve fibres.
(6) Muscle weakness and atrophy were most marked in the distal parts of the legs, especially in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, and then spread to the thighs and gluteal muscles.
(7) No monosynaptic connexions were found between anterodorsal and posteroventral muscles except between the muscles innervated by the peroneal and the tibial nerve.
(8) Thus adrenaline, via pre- and post-junctional adrenoceptors, may contribute to enhanced vascular smooth muscle contraction, which most likely is sensitized by the elevated intracellular calcium concentration.
(9) In addition to their involvement in thrombosis, activated platelets release growth factors, most notably a platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) which may be the principal mediator of smooth muscle cell migration from the media into the intima and of smooth muscle cell proliferation in the intima as well as of vasoconstriction.
(10) Further, the maximal increase in force of contraction was measured using papillary muscle strips from some of these patients.
(11) Peripheral eosinocytes increased by 10%, and tests for HBsAg, antiHBs, antimitochondrial antibody and anti-smooth muscle antibody were all negative.
(12) When subjects centered themselves actively, or additionally, contracted trunk flexor or extensor muscles to predetermined levels of activity, no increase in trunk positioning accuracy was found.
(13) A definite relationship between intelligence level and the type of muscle disease was found.
(14) After vascular injury, smooth muscle cells proliferate, reaching a maximum rate at day 2.
(15) In the absence of an authentic target for the MASH proteins, we examined their DNA binding and transcriptional regulatory activity by using a binding site (the E box) from the muscle creatine kinase (MCK) gene, a target of MyoD.
(16) Only the approximately 2.7 kb mRNA species was visualized in Northern blots of total cellular and poly(A+) RNA isolated from cardiac ventricular muscle.
(17) The variation of the activity of the peptidase with pH in the presence of various inhibitors was investigated in both control and insulted muscle fibres.
(18) Recent studies have shown that an aberration in platelet-derived growth factor gene expression is unlikely to be a factor in proliferation of smooth-muscle cells.
(19) This sling was constructed bu freeing the insertion of the pubococcygeus and the ileococcygeus muscles from the coccyx.
(20) Their effects on various lipid fractions, viz., triglycerides (TG), phospholipids, free cholesterol, and esterified cholesterol, were studied in liver, plasma, gonads, and muscle.