What's the difference between approval and patronage?

Approval


Definition:

  • (n.) Approbation; sanction.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Currently, photodynamic therapy is under FDA-approved clinical investigational trials in the treatment of tumors of the skin, bronchus, esophagus, bladder, head and neck, and of gynecologic and ocular tumors.
  • (2) The genome characterization of the typing strains for all 13 species of the genus Staphylococcus, included into the Approval List of the Names of Bacterial (1980), is presented.
  • (3) Currently there are no IOC approved definitive tests for these hormones but highly specific immunoassays combined with suitable purification techniques may be sufficient to warrant IOC approval.
  • (4) The toluene group were more approving in their attitudes towards taking other drugs.
  • (5) No one knows if this drug will be approved for use by American physicians.
  • (6) Britain First applied to use seven slogans in the elections and four were rejected, but the remaining three, including the slogan relating to Rigby, were approved by the watchdog.
  • (7) Yet, polls have Maryland voters approving same-sex marriage by 14 to 20 points.
  • (8) Guidelines are presented for pharmacist coordination of the importation for use by institutionalized patients of drugs not currently approved by the FDA.
  • (9) Mal’s age alone was enough to earn him a significant amount of street cred in our misfit group of teenage boys, yet it was his history of extreme violence that ensured his approval rating was sky high.
  • (10) However, the law minister indicated he would allow the supreme court to approve a draft of the letter.
  • (11) Shenhua Watermark Coal, a subsidiary of the Chinese state-owned Shenhua Group, is waiting for final approval from Hunt for a $1.2bn open-cut coalmine on the edge of the plains, a little more than three kilometres from Hamparsum’s property.
  • (12) An ‘approved’ poster in the student center at Regent University.
  • (13) The final approved log contained 72 problems, 64 of which received importance ratings greater than or equal to 2 on the three-point scale.
  • (14) Masutha said the parole board had made a mistake when they approved Pistorius for early release, but his intervention has been widely criticised by legal experts.
  • (15) But he argued that Obama entered the agreement without approval from Congress, allowing the president to revoke it.
  • (16) Everton announce plan for new stadium in nearby Walton Hall Park Read more The club has set aside £2.5m to commence work on the stadium should its funding proposals – that Elstone claims will give the council an annual profit – gain approval.
  • (17) I am acutely aware that not all of you, by any stretch of the imagination, will approve of everything I have done.
  • (18) The participants strongly preferred the experimental leaflets to the approved leaflets, both with respect to accessibility of the contents (overall preference 78.1% v 17.8%) and ease of understanding the contraindications of drug use (90.2% v 73.7%).
  • (19) In the following, there will be indicated the approved techniques and methods of suturing the cleft palate and a new method will be discussed related to the reciprocal Z-type plastic operation.
  • (20) Unite, which will have to give seven days' notice before calling a strike after winning approval for industrial action in a ballot of the tanker drivers, is expected to finalise a framework that should allow discussions to begin on Monday.

Patronage


Definition:

  • (n.) Special countenance or support; favor, encouragement, or aid, afforded to a person or a work; as, the patronage of letters; patronage given to an author.
  • (n.) Business custom.
  • (n.) Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary care.
  • (n.) The right of nomination to political office; also, the offices, contracts, honors, etc., which a public officer may bestow by favor.
  • (n.) The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.
  • (v. t.) To act as a patron of; to maintain; to defend.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) But critics say that bringing the judicial system under political control will do nothing to improve its efficiency, and instead will leave judges dependent on political patronage and subject to political pressure.
  • (2) Patronage at the airport in the early years would not justify a dedicated rail link.
  • (3) The primary need of the people is not western-style educational patronage, but an end to the arms trade and multinational looting of resources.
  • (4) State, regional and municipal public administrations remain politicised and ridden by patronage.
  • (5) The fall of the general – a man who "kills people easily" claimed one witness – came after his own rebel movement turned against him and he lost the patronage of neighbouring Rwanda .
  • (6) As the locus of many migrants' investments, the village of Los Pinos has experienced a modest growth in the number of full-time jobs paying somewhat above the minimum urban wage and in a variety of petty entrepreneurial activities depending heavily on the patronage of migrant households, themselves heavily subsidized by remittances.
  • (7) Zhang has enjoyed the patronage of former president Jiang Zemin.
  • (8) Suu Kyi's relationship with the generals has reportedly turned sour again In her tireless efforts to secure cooperation from the military, Suu Kyi has repeatedly expressed her appreciation, respect and “genuine” affection for the Tatmadaw (feudal military), which her father founded under Japan’s fascist patronage in December 1942, much to the dismay of many minorities who have borne the brunt of the organisation’s ruthless policies.
  • (9) Liaqat Baloch, a leader of the Jamaat-e-Islami, a rightwing religious-political party, said: “Malala is a Pakistani student and she is getting a lot of support and patronage abroad.
  • (10) The proposition was attacked by others who claimed it would save very little from the Whitehall budget while simply weakening ministerial patronage – a great controlling hand over government, particularly in a time of coalition.
  • (11) At the last major budget meeting in July, politicians of the left and right buried their differences to agree on strengthening a four-year budget that privatised local authority-owned companies (a huge source of patronage and corruption), and ended the stranglehold of the ordini – self-regulating associations that control entry into the law, medicine and other professions.
  • (12) Despite numerous irregularities ... you have managed to thwart this regime’s congenital traps of fraud.” Bongo, 57, who first won election after his father Omar died in 2009 after 42 years as president, has benefited from the power of incumbency as well as a patronage system lubricated by oil largesse.
  • (13) It is clear Sayeed appears to operate with a measure of patronage from the Pakistani establishment and the Zardari government recently cleared the purchase of a bulletproof Land Cruiser for him.
  • (14) He may not be able to cling to his status as the nation's court jester, however, without the BBC's patronage.
  • (15) The [relief] measures will not affect anyone earning above €1,000 a month.” Patronage politics and vested interests had made it impossible for Greek governments, including prime minister Antonis Samaras’s fragile, two-party alliance, to step back and reform.
  • (16) The local Turkomen and Yazidi population have additionally formed their own militias under the patronage of local and foreign backers.
  • (17) However, legislation and rules of provision's patronage are complex and appear misunderstood with themselves who regularly use them in their practice.
  • (18) Zuma's governing African National Congress (ANC), re-elected in May, has long been dogged by allegations of patronage and cronyism.
  • (19) As one example of potential situations that Hezbollah fears, the Sunni Muslim Brotherhood, long abused by the Assad dynasty in such acts as the massacre by Hafez-al Assad at Hama in 1982, would be highly reluctant to accept the continued Iranian patronage and guidance that characterises the current Assad-Iran relationship.
  • (20) In many ways, the election will be a clash of epic proportions, a battle between a long-time president and a new challenger, between Russia and the West, between personal patronage and corporate sponsorship, between old friends turned enemies.