(a.) Destitute of wings; apteral; as, apterous insects.
(a.) Destitute of winglike membranous expansions, as a stem or petiole; -- opposed to alate.
Example Sentences:
(1) Endocrinological studies of the time to the 1st ovulatory cycle in early and late maturing girls in Finland (Apter and Vihko, 1983) are contrary to the Bangladeshi results reported by Foster in 1986.
(2) The results support the hypothesis that the various wing phenotypes produced by apterous mutations are due to quantitative reductions in the activity of gene product and that failure to meet specific threshold requirements for gene product can lead to qualitatively different phenotypes.
(3) We have identified a Drosophila member of this class, the product of the apterous (ap) gene.
(4) Genetic mosaics to test the cell-autonomy of apterous-blot show that it is not autonomously expressed in clones.
(5) The recessive mutation apterous-blot in Drosophila melanogaster causes replacement of posterior wing structures by anterior ones, with variable penetrance and expressivity.
(6) This supports the previous conclusion that the effects of apterous mutations on the wing do not correlate with their effects on viability and fertility.
(7) We describe the wing phenotype produced by homozygotes and hemizygotes of three different temperature-sensitive apterous alleles grown at 16, 18, 20, 22, 25, and 29 degrees.
(8) Certain combinations of alleles at the apterous locus generate wings with extra copies of wing margin structures, some of which are located far from the normal margin.
(9) It is concluded that apterous-blot is unlikely to be a selector gene mutation but instead may cause the transformation by an event like transdetermination following a local failure in cell function in the wing disc.
(10) To establish the basis for a molecular genetic dissection of the neuroendocrine system responsible for modulating JH titer, a radiochemical assay was utilized to examine JH synthesis in vitro by the isolated corpus allatum as well as the regulation of this synthesis by brain extracts of wild-type and apterous mutant Drosophila melanogaster females during reproductive maturation.
(11) The apterous (ap) gene of Drosophila melanogaster exhibits extreme pleiotrophy: its functioning is essential for life, normal wing structure, juvenile hormone production, female fertility, and normal development of female sexual receptivity.
(12) Mutations at the apterous (ap) locus in Drosophila melanogaster produce a variety of developmental defects, including several classes of wing abnormalities.
(13) The results indicated that the broad category of psychopaths were more telic dominant than controls, contrary to Apter's hypothesis.
(14) A strain of Drosophila melanogaster carrying a mutation in the apterous gene (ap4) was known to exhibit arrested vitellogenesis (rescuable by applying exogenous juvenile hormone), sterility of both sexes, and a deficiency of juvenile hormone.
(15) The apterous (ap) gene is required for the normal development of the wing and haltere imaginal discs in Drosophila melanogaster.
(16) The reproduction of apterous and alate morphs of the aphids Sitobion avenae and Metopolophium dirhodum is compared on the basis of fecundity in 5- and 10-day periods of adult life.
(17) The results of lineage analysis, the phenotypes of combinations of apterous-blot with other apterous alleles including a deletion for the locus and with various other homoeotic mutations, are together used to distinguish three alternative modes of action of this mutation.
(18) Apter found that the frequency of ovulation depended significantly on both the time since menarche and the age at menarche.
(19) Examination of other apterous mutants suggest that pattern alterations may be a general consequence of lesions at this locus.
(20) An additional observation was that the early onset patients were apter to show earlier and more often abnormal movements and response fluctuations related to the L-Dopa therapy.
Petiole
Definition:
(n.) A leafstalk; the footstalk of a leaf, connecting the blade with the stem. See Illust. of Leaf.
(n.) A stalk or peduncle.
Example Sentences:
(1) The results indicate that the anatomical counter-current heat exchanger is reduced or eliminated during heat stress by 'chopping' the blood flow into pulses, and the blood pulses are shunted through the petiole alternately by way of a switch mechanism.
(2) Young leaf tissues had much higher levels of glucosyltransferase activity than the petioles and internodes.
(3) The transcript is detectable in stem and petiole, but not in leaves.
(4) The epiglottic petiole, the false cords, the true cords, and one arytenoid are also excised, along with the paraglottic space.
(5) The narrow passage within the petiole between thorax and abdomen is anatomically constructed so that counter-current exchange should retain heat in the thorax despite blood flow to and from the cool abdomen.
(6) Linamarase (EC 3.2.1.21) was purified from cassava petiole, stem, and root cortex by ammonium sulfate precipitation, column chromatography on Sepharose 6B, and chromatofocusing.
(7) The tissue- and organ-specific overproduction of cytokinins produced a number of morphological and physiological changes, including stunting, loss of apical dominance, reduction in root initiation and growth, either acceleration or prolonged delayed senescence in leaves depending on the growth conditions, adventitious shoot formation from unwounded leaf veins and petioles, altered nutrient distribution, and abnormal tissue development in stems.
(8) The major tissue features of basal petioles and the external characteristics of the crude drugs have also been given.
(9) The occurrence of dispersal or nondispersal of P-protein bodies can be related to the position of the sieve elements in the stem or petiole.
(10) Many characters of leaf (hair, hypodermal cells, palisade layers, intercellular space, distinction between spongy and palisade parenchyma, "palisade ratio", distribution of collenchyma and sclerenchyma, presence or absence of starch grains, calcium oxalate crystals, number, shape and arrangement of bundles of petiole) are useful distinguishing characters.
(11) In this paper, the Ainsliaea derivatives are studied to clarify the botanical origins; comparing anatomically with leaves and petioles of thirteen Ainsliaea species growing wildly in Sichuan prov.
(12) Glucan synthesis was achieved with an in vitro membrane fraction from the petioles of celery (Apium graveolens).
(13) Ethylene was found to have no influence on auxin transport in hypocotyls of Helianthus annuus and Phaseolus vulgaris; coleoptiles of Zea mays; petiole sections of Gossypium hirsutum, Phaseolus vulgaris, and Coleus blumei.
(14) GAST1 RNA is detectable in untreated leaves, stems, petioles and flowers, but not in roots.
(15) Their expression is also induced in leaf-petiole explants by high concentrations of sucrose.
(16) An uneven distribution of the coat protein antigens of beet necrotic yellow vein (BNYVV) and beet soil-borne (BSBV) viruses in tap roots of naturally infected sugarbeets and of BNYVV coat protein antigen in leaves and petioles of mechanically inoculated sugarbeet seedlings was detected by means of tissue print-immunoblotting.
(17) Arabidopsis plants stimulated by touch develop shorter petioles and bolts.
(18) This HC protein was found in leaf blade and vein tissue but not in the petiole of leaves.
(19) Regarding this new technique, the fibula works as a petiolated well vascular bone chip which bridges the joint.
(20) Raphides in petioles of Xanthosoma sagittifolium are needlelike crystals about 50 micrometers long.