(a.) Pertaining to a thin membrane of the brain and spinal cord, between the dura mater and pia mater.
(a.) Covered with, or composed of, soft, loose hairs or fibers, so as to resemble a cobweb; cobwebby.
(n.) The arachnoid membrane.
(n.) One of the Arachnoidea.
Example Sentences:
(1) Diagnostic work-up and management of intracranial arachnoid cysts are still controversial.
(2) Seventy-eight patients presented optochiasmal arachnoiditis: 12 had trigeminal neuralgia; 1, arachnoiditis of the cerebellopontile angle; 6, arachnoiditis of the convex surface of the brain; and 3, the hypertensive hydrocephalic syndrome due to occlusion of the CSF routes.
(3) Within the arachnoid mater the immunoreactivity was concentrated in the basal zone of the arachnoid membrane, thus appearing as a narrow fluorescent band near the border of the dura.
(4) True arachnoid cysts of the suprasellar region are uncommon and have rarely been diagnosed pre-operatively.
(5) Four mechanisms for the formation of ectopic meningioma have been suggested: (a) direct extension of an intracranial lesion; (b) distant metastasis from an intracranial meningioma; (c) origin from arachnoid cells within the sheaths of cranial nerves; and (d) origin from embryonic nests of arachnoid cells.
(6) A series is reported of 9 cases of supratentorial arachnoid cysts in children under the age of 14 years.
(7) The second patient had optic nerve involvement as well as two intracranial parenchymal lesions and granulomatous arachnoiditis.
(8) The association of an arachnoidal cyst in the middle cranial fossa with a subdural haematoma or intracystic bleeding is emphasised.
(9) In addition, it proposes a modification of the standard dural closure that may reduce the incidence of contributory adhesive arachnoiditis by the creation of a capacious cerebrospinal fluid space about the neural plaque.
(10) Subarachnoid alumina may be a good model for human arachnoiditis.
(11) The delayed appearance of syringomyelia after a severe single spinal trauma resulting in contusion of the spinal cord without the complication of arachnoiditis is a more recent issue, but is now well-known.
(12) Many thousands of arachnoid villi subtend all the membranes from the intrathecal space, and many of these end in the large epidural veins.
(13) SSFP MR images helped markedly in diagnosis of hemorrhagic, epidermoid, and arachnoid cysts.
(14) The main causes are Potts Disease, arachnoiditis, tropical spastic paraplegia, trauma, lathyrism and cord compression.
(15) The author evaluates the dynamics of immune reactivity of the body in patients with cerebral arachnoiditis with consideration of main clinical syndrome--hypertensive-hydrocephalic, epileptiform, autonomic-vascular dystonia syndromes in different variants of the course of the process.
(16) This observation relates a case of spinal arachnoiditis with paraplegia, for a 56 year old patient hospitalized for a S.A.H.
(17) These findings suggest alternative drainage pathways for CSF besides the arachnoid villi (Pacchionian bodies) including connections with lymphatics in the neck and along the olfactory nerve, and around the cribiform plate to the nasal submucosa, and with proptosis, perhaps also through the aqueous humor-canal of Schlemm and nasolacrimal duct.
(18) Gross morphological features of cystic larvae, complex arachnoid cysts, granulomatous abscesses, basal meningitis and mineralised nodules correlated closely with the images obtained, especially on MR, where resolution permitted visualisation of larval protoscolices.
(19) CT scan demonstrated an arachnoid cyst in the left Sylvian fissure.
(20) The authors report long-term results in 17 patients with surgically treated congenital intradural spinal arachnoid cysts.
Fracture
Definition:
(n.) The act of breaking or snapping asunder; rupture; breach.
(n.) The breaking of a bone.
(n.) The texture of a freshly broken surface; as, a compact fracture; an even, hackly, or conchoidal fracture.
(v. t.) To cause a fracture or fractures in; to break; to burst asunder; to crack; to separate the continuous parts of; as, to fracture a bone; to fracture the skull.
Example Sentences:
(1) after operation for hip fracture, and merits assessment in other high-risk groups of patients.
(2) It is suggested that the Japanese may have lower trabecular bone mineral density than Caucasians but may also have a lower threshold for fracture of the vertebrae.
(3) Three of the patients had had fractures of the femoral neck.
(4) Anatomic and roentgenographic criteria used for the assessment of reduction in ankle fractures are highlighted in this review of ankle trauma.
(5) The decline in the frequency of serious complications was primarily due to a decrease in the proportion of patients with open fractures treated with plate osteosynthesis from nearly 50% to 19%.
(6) Two cases of posterior lumbar vertebral rim fracture and associated disc protrusion in adolescents are presented.
(7) The most important conclusion of both conferences was that oestrogen substitution can significantly reduce the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal women.
(8) From 1978 to 1983 in the Orthopedic University Clinic (Oskar-Helene-Heim, Berlin) 75 children with fractures of the distal humerus received medical treatment.
(9) Fractures which occur near the base of the dens have a low propensity to unite spontaneously.
(10) These unusual fractures are not easily detected on the routine three-view "hand-series."
(11) Internal fixation of these pathological fractures appeared to be the best treatment.
(12) Thirteen patients had had a posterior dislocation with an associated fracture of the femoral head located either caudad or cephalad to the fovea centralis (Pipkin Type-I or Type-II injury), one had had a posterior dislocation with associated fractures of the femoral head and neck (Pipkin Type III), two had had a posterior dislocation with associated fractures of the femoral head and the acetabular rim (Pipkin Type IV), and three had had a fracture-dislocation that we could not categorize according to the Pipkin classification.
(13) The incidence of femur fracture in non-cemented hip arthroplasty has been reported to be between 4.1% and 27.8%.
(14) In open fractures especially in those with severe soft tissue damage, fracture stabilisation is best achieved by using external fixators.
(15) By measurement and analysis of the changes in carpal angles and joint spaces, carpal instability was discovered in 41 fractures, an incidence of 30.6%.
(16) Conservatively treated compressed fractures of the distal radius dorsal metaphysis healed despite primarily good reduction and consequent treatment with a decrease in dorsal length.
(17) Unstable subcapital fractures and dislocation fractures of the humerus can usually be set by closed reduction.
(18) Formation of the functional contour plaster bandage within the limits of the foot along the border of the fissure of the ankle joint with preservation of the contours of the ankles 4-8 weeks after the treatment was started in accordance with the severity of the fractures of the ankles in 95 patients both without (6) and with (89) dislocation of the bone fragments allowed to achieve the bone consolidation of the ankle fragments with recovery of the supportive ability of the extremity in 85 (89.5%) of the patients, after 6-8 weeks (7.2%) in the patients without displacement and after 10-13 weeks (11.3%) with displacement of the bone fragments of the ankles.
(19) In 17 patients with femoral neck fractures who were between 15 and 40 years old the incidence of aseptic necrosis in patients followed more than 2 years was 18.7 per cent.
(20) The fracture can be treated arthroscopically by rigid internal fixation, while at the same time treating possible associated lesions.