(a.) Made or contrived by art; produced or modified by human skill and labor, in opposition to natural; as, artificial heat or light, gems, salts, minerals, fountains, flowers.
(a.) Feigned; fictitious; assumed; affected; not genuine.
(a.) Artful; cunning; crafty.
(a.) Cultivated; not indigenous; not of spontaneous growth; as, artificial grasses.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dialysis of dog plasma against an artificial c.s.f.
(2) Classical treatment combining artificial delivery or uterine manual evacuation-oxytocics led to the arrest of bleeding in 73 cases.
(3) Nasotracheal intubation has been well established as a method for maintaining an artificial airway in children.
(4) Arginine vasopressin further reduced papillary flow in kidneys perfused with high viscosity artificial plasma.
(5) Females were killed at various times after the onset of mating or artificial insemination, oviducts were fixed and sectioned serially, and spermatozoa were counted individually as to their location in the oviduct.
(6) Recently, we have designed a series of simplified artificial signal sequences and have shown that a proline residue in the signal sequence plays an important role in the secretion of human lysozyme in yeast, presumably by altering the conformation of the signal sequence [Yamamoto, Y., Taniyama, Y., & Kikuchi, M. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 2728-2732].
(7) Anaesthesia was maintained with artificial ventilation and alcuronium, or spontaneous ventilation with halothane.
(8) The distribution of conceptions after artificial insemination from a donor was studied in 259 conceptions at an artificial insemination clinic and found to be seasonal.
(9) Ten patients received intercostal nerve blockade on a total of 29 occasions in order to provide analgesia following liver transplantation and to facilitate weaning from artificial ventilation of the lungs.
(10) A new type of artificial blood, pyridoxylated hemoglobin-polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP) solution, (developed by PHP research group of the department of health and welfare of Japan, and produced by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Tokyo) as an oxygen-carrying component, has been recently devised using hemoglobin obtained from hemolyzed human erythrocytes.
(11) Artificially produced mineral waters which are identical to natural ones are also applied.
(12) The results of these investigations suggest that there is a biochemically significant decrease in the bioavailability of zinc when these artificial formulas are used.
(13) Neither was the autumn moult, induced early in intact females by the change to a short photoperiod, advanced in ganglionectomized females, showing that the latter were unresponsive to the artificial modification of the photoperiod.
(14) These artificial rheomelanins in vitro and the apparent in vivo rheomelanins present in plasmas moved together during the two chromatographies.
(15) This paper also examines the effect of pH and ionic strength on the activity and specificity of the enzyme with respect to substrates and natural, as well as artificial, electron acceptors.
(16) The latter animals were raised in an automated feeding device (Autosow) with an artificial diet simulating the nutritional composition of sow milk.
(17) Respiratory failure, developing 7-9 days after inoculation, was associated with a decrease in lung-thorax compliance determined during artificial ventilation, and an increase in the amount of protein including the specific antibody in lung lavage fluid.
(18) One may speculate whether clinical conditions exist--apart from hereditary retinal dystrophies--in which the retina becomes more sensitive to light from strong artificial or natural sources, which are otherwise innoxious.
(19) The results of the present experiments show that capillary blood flow in the cerebral cortex fluctuates, whether the cat's head is supplied by the animal's intact circulation or by an artificial circulation system.
(20) Tissue storage of hydroxyethyl starch (HES), a widely used artificial colloid, has been reported.
Chemical
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry; as, chemical changes; chemical combinations.
(n.) A substance used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.
Example Sentences:
(1) Brain and ganglia of embryonic Periplaneta americana were grown for 2 to 3 weeks in a chemically defined medium.
(2) Stimulation of human leukocytes with various chemical mediators such as TPA, f-Met-Leu-Phe, LTB4, etc.
(3) This suggested that the chemical effects produced by shock waves were either absent or attenuated in the cells, or were inherently less toxic than those of ionizing irradiation.
(4) At 36 h postsurgery, RBCs were examined by 23Na-NMR by using dysprosium tripolyphosphate as a chemical shift reagent.
(5) The absorption of ingested Pb is modified by its chemical and physical form, by interaction with dietary minerals and lipids and by the nutritional status of the individual.
(6) Changes in cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) were followed and intracellular pH (pHi) was estimated from the chemical shift of Pi.
(7) Maximal aberration yields were observed for 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene and cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside from 17 to 21 h, eugenol from 15 to 21 h, cadmium sulfate from 15 to 24 h and 2-aminobiphenyl, from 17 to 24 h. For adriamycin at 1 microM, the % aberrant cells remained elevated throughout the period from 9 to 29 h, while small increases at 0.1 microM ADR were found only at 13 and at 25 h. For most chemicals the maximal aberration yield occurred at a different time for each concentration tested.
(8) 2.39pm BST The European Union called for a "thorough and immediate" investigation of the alleged chemical attack.
(9) "With hyperspectral imaging, you can tell the chemical content of a cake just by taking a photo of it.
(10) The deactivated columns had the residual silanols on the silica gel chemically inactivated to reduce the interaction with basic groups or analytes.
(11) A sperm whale myoglobin gene containing multiple unique restriction sites has been constructed in pUC 18 by sequential assembly of chemically synthesized oligonucleotide fragments.
(12) On the basis of obtained data on the uniformity of chemical compounds of the secretion of glands belonging to different groups their common origin has been suggested.
(13) In spite of important differences in size, chemical composition, polymer density, and configuration, biological macromolecules indeed manifest some of the essential physical-chemical properties of gels.
(14) In contrast sham-hemodialysis in group CA and group PS, respectively, did not result in significant increases in amino acid efflux from the leg implying that the protein catabolic effect of blood membrane contact depends on the chemical properties of dialysis membranes.
(15) We investigated this suppression quantitatively, using a chemical assay for cell-bound and dissolved capsular polysaccharide.
(16) We previously established that the binding constant (Ka) of this receptor site for the chemically synthesized model AGE, 2-(2-furoyl)-4(5)-(2-furanyl)-1H- imidazole-butyric acid (FFI-BA), on cells of the mouse macrophagelike cell line RAW 264.7 is identical to that for AGE proteins.
(17) They included lectins such as wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin, and a chemical cross-linker, glutaraldehyde, in addition to anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies, HIEI and H-47.
(18) The reduction of such potentials can be explained in terms of collision between the antidromic volleys and those elicited orthodromically by chemical and thermic stimulation.
(19) In certain cases, the effects of these substances are enhanced, in others, they are inhibited by compounds that were isolated from natural sources or prepared by chemical synthesis.
(20) The use of gaseous insecticides in the chemical control of T. infestans is discussed.