(adv.) In an artificial manner; by art, or skill and contrivance, not by nature.
(adv.) Ingeniously; skillfully.
(adv.) Craftily; artfully.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dialysis of dog plasma against an artificial c.s.f.
(2) Classical treatment combining artificial delivery or uterine manual evacuation-oxytocics led to the arrest of bleeding in 73 cases.
(3) Nasotracheal intubation has been well established as a method for maintaining an artificial airway in children.
(4) Arginine vasopressin further reduced papillary flow in kidneys perfused with high viscosity artificial plasma.
(5) Females were killed at various times after the onset of mating or artificial insemination, oviducts were fixed and sectioned serially, and spermatozoa were counted individually as to their location in the oviduct.
(6) Recently, we have designed a series of simplified artificial signal sequences and have shown that a proline residue in the signal sequence plays an important role in the secretion of human lysozyme in yeast, presumably by altering the conformation of the signal sequence [Yamamoto, Y., Taniyama, Y., & Kikuchi, M. (1989) Biochemistry 28, 2728-2732].
(7) Anaesthesia was maintained with artificial ventilation and alcuronium, or spontaneous ventilation with halothane.
(8) The distribution of conceptions after artificial insemination from a donor was studied in 259 conceptions at an artificial insemination clinic and found to be seasonal.
(9) Ten patients received intercostal nerve blockade on a total of 29 occasions in order to provide analgesia following liver transplantation and to facilitate weaning from artificial ventilation of the lungs.
(10) A new type of artificial blood, pyridoxylated hemoglobin-polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP) solution, (developed by PHP research group of the department of health and welfare of Japan, and produced by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Tokyo) as an oxygen-carrying component, has been recently devised using hemoglobin obtained from hemolyzed human erythrocytes.
(11) Artificially produced mineral waters which are identical to natural ones are also applied.
(12) The results of these investigations suggest that there is a biochemically significant decrease in the bioavailability of zinc when these artificial formulas are used.
(13) Neither was the autumn moult, induced early in intact females by the change to a short photoperiod, advanced in ganglionectomized females, showing that the latter were unresponsive to the artificial modification of the photoperiod.
(14) These artificial rheomelanins in vitro and the apparent in vivo rheomelanins present in plasmas moved together during the two chromatographies.
(15) This paper also examines the effect of pH and ionic strength on the activity and specificity of the enzyme with respect to substrates and natural, as well as artificial, electron acceptors.
(16) The latter animals were raised in an automated feeding device (Autosow) with an artificial diet simulating the nutritional composition of sow milk.
(17) Respiratory failure, developing 7-9 days after inoculation, was associated with a decrease in lung-thorax compliance determined during artificial ventilation, and an increase in the amount of protein including the specific antibody in lung lavage fluid.
(18) One may speculate whether clinical conditions exist--apart from hereditary retinal dystrophies--in which the retina becomes more sensitive to light from strong artificial or natural sources, which are otherwise innoxious.
(19) The results of the present experiments show that capillary blood flow in the cerebral cortex fluctuates, whether the cat's head is supplied by the animal's intact circulation or by an artificial circulation system.
(20) Tissue storage of hydroxyethyl starch (HES), a widely used artificial colloid, has been reported.
Vivarium
Definition:
(n.) A place artificially arranged for keeping or raising living animals, as a park, a pond, an aquarium, a warren, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) The mitochondrial respiration rate in various metabolic states was similar in flight rats and vivarium controls.
(2) Rabbits treated as described and housed in a conventional vivarium environment were found to be free of mites during a subsequent 33 to 139 day observation period.
(3) The incidence of the condition was high in rabbits kept for 2 mo or more in the vivarium.
(4) Testes from rats flown on Cosmos 1887 were compared with vivarium control and synchronous control samples.
(5) In the "Cosmos-1887" biosatellite experiment, the plasma samples obtained two days after the landing as well as plasma of synchronous animals exhibited the higher fibrinogen levels when compared to those of vivarium animals.
(6) A total of 48 infections was discovered, 31 in staff of the radiation therapy area, 12 in the staff of the Vivarium facility, and 5 in other individuals who worked in the Medical Center.
(7) A single introduction of vitamin E and D,L-methionine to rats kept on the vivarium ration or their addition to protein-free diet separately does not affect the glutathionperoxidase and glutathionreductase activities in the liver.
(8) Control animals were maintained in usual atmosphere of vivarium.
(9) The plasma protein spectrum of flight and synchronous groups of animals in "Cosmos-1887" experiment where plasma samples were prepared in the period of time from 5 to 10 hours after spaceflight coincided with the pattern of vivarium animals.
(10) In in vivo tests subject to enquiry was incorporation of I--14C-acetate in non-saponified lipids, ubiquinone and sterines in the liver of rats receiving the usual ration of the vivarium or the one short of aromatic amino acids, and on this basis the relative rates of both the biosynthesis and decomposition of these compounds were determined.
(11) By use of age-matched vivarium controls (normal cage environment) and synchronous controls (simulated flight conditions), as well as a basal control group (killed before lift-off on the 1st day of flight), the combined influences of growth and space-flight could be examined.
(12) The effect of social isolation, consisting of individual housing in the vivarium under standard conditions and imposed on male rats older than 90 days, was assessed on tactile startle reactivity, nociception, resting heart rate and arterial blood pressure, and on intercorrelations among these variables.
(13) On the other hand, cells from rats flown in space showed no significant differences from vivarium and synchronous control rats in cytotoxicity for K-562 target cells.
(14) Control groups included vivarium, synchronous, and antiorthostatically suspended rats.
(15) Plasma melatonin was low at the time of euthanasia (lights on) and was not different among the experimental groups (flight animals, synchronous controls, and vivarium controls).
(16) The experimental group of rats were subjected to pure HK, that is, without the use of any preventive measures, and the control group placed under ordinary vivarium conditions and served as control.
(17) To examine the effects of spaceflight on the proliferation and turnover of jejunal mucosal cells, we compared the percentages of mitotic cells present in the crypts of Lieberkühn in the proximal, middle, and distal jejunum in each of five rats flown on the COSMOS 2044 mission and in rats included in the vivarium, synchronous, and caudal-elevated groups.
(18) In rats of three age groups (one month-old rattlings, young 3-month old and adult rats not younger than 5 months) receiving the usual vivarium food the exhalation of C14O2 substantially decreased with the age and the maximum radioactivity of the air following intraperitoneal introduction of citric acid-3-C14 was greatly delayed.
(19) They were compared to five female rats kept in vivarium and five female conditioned rats in synchronised way.
(20) As a control the ovaries of immature offspring of the females, living in the vivarium have been studied.