(1) Further analysis with two other synthetic peptides (212Cys to 222Glu and Cys X 221Ile to 236Glu) indicated that the dodecapeptide Ile-Glu-Phe-Gln-Lys-Asn-Asn-Arg-Leu-Leu-Glu mimicked either the whole or a major part of the neutralization epitope.
(2) The Tyr side chain had two conformations of comparable energy, one over the ring between the Gln and Asn side chains, and the other with the Tyr side chain away from the ring.
(3) We have named them bombolitin I (Ile-Lys-Ile-Thr-Thr-Met-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gly-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-His-Val-NH2 ), bombolitin II (Ser-Lys-Ile-Thr-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gly-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-His-Val-NH2 ), bombolitin III (Ile-Lys-Ile-Met-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Gly-Lys-Val-Leu-Ala-His-Val-NH2 ), bombolitin IV (Ile-Asn-Ile-Lys-Asp-Ile-Leu-Ala-Lys-Leu-Val-Lys-Val-Leu-Gly-His-Val-NH2 ), and bombolitin V (Ile-Asn-Val-Leu-Gly-Ile-Leu-Gly-Leu-Leu-Gly-Lys-Ala-Leu-Ser-His-Leu-NH2 ).
(4) Expression experiments with Xenopus oocytes using the N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin indicate that glycosylation of Asn 248 is required for functional expression of the transporter.
(5) The carbohydrate structures of a genetically engineered human tissue plasminogen activator variant bearing a single N-glycosylation site at Asn 448 are reported.
(6) The active-site aspartic acid residue, Asp-362, of Escherichia coli citrate synthase was changed by site-directed mutagenesis to Glu-362, Asn-362 or Gly-362.
(7) The replacements for Glu-43 (Asp, Gln, Asn, Ser, and Ala) both decreased the catalytic efficiency and changed the one- and two-dimensional NMR spectral properties of the mutant enzymes.
(8) The nucleotide sequence of the beta 92 codon was AAC instead of CAC, suggesting that the amino acid substitution corresponded to His----Asn, which is the same as is found in Hb Redondo or beta 92(F8)His----Asn----Asp.
(9) In this structure, the amide carbonyl forms two hydrogen bonds with Asn-64 and a water molecule, whereas the gamma-tetrazole ring does not interact directly with the enzyme.
(10) Site-directed mutation of codon 203 and transient expression of these cDNA in COS-7 cells indicated that Phe, Ile, Leu, and Val permit transmembrane expression, whereas Ser, Thr, Tyr, Asn, Gly, Ala, Asp and Lys enable phosphatidylinositol-glycan attachment.
(11) The N-glycosylation site was confirmed as Asn-80 by the detection of glucosamines in the peptide containing Asn-80.
(12) Three carbohydrate side chains were found in the heavy chain, all of them N-glycosidically linked to asparagine, which is present in the acceptor sequon Asn-Xaa-Thr (or -Ser); one additional potential glycosylation site devoid of a sugar side chain is found at position 30.
(13) Chymotrypsin cleavage of this peptide resulted in a single-labeled fragment with the sequence: Glu-Val-Ala-Asn-(Pyridoxal-P-Lys)-Val-Gly-Gly-Ile-Tyr.
(14) The changes in E degrees' and the standard entropy (delta S degrees') and enthalpy (delta H degrees') of reduction in the mutant proteins were determined relative to values for wild type; the change in E degrees' at 25 degrees C was about -200 millivolts for the Glu and Asp mutants, and about -80 millivolts for the Asn mutant.
(15) administered Asn-Ala-Gly-Ala (NAGA), a partial sequence of beta-lipotropin, was investigated using the tail-pressure, hot-plate and phenylbenzoquinone (PBQ)-induced writhing tests in mice.
(16) Substitution of Asp for Asn in N-glycosylation had no effect on ligand binding or expression of the receptor.
(17) Gas-phase sequencing and composition analysis are consistent with the sequence: Leu-Leu-Asn-Ala-Thr-Ala-Cys.
(18) We have identified a unique N-glycosylated Asn substitution for a Ser at position 434 of the A alpha chain of an abnormal fibrinogen designated fibrinogen Caracas II.
(19) The fragment from the M species exhibited properties identical to those of the corresponding fragment of control alpha glycophorins in terms of size, chromatographic behavior, amino acid and carbohydrate contents and compositions, the presence of O-glycosidically linked saccharides and a single Asn-linked carbohydrate unit.
(20) Chemical and structural considerations suggested that three of these residues--Asn, Tyr, and Pro--are the most likely functional participants in transport processes.
Asparagine
Definition:
(n.) A white, nitrogenous, crystallizable substance, C4H8N2O3+H2O, found in many plants, and first obtained from asparagus. It is believed to aid in the disposition of nitrogenous matter throughout the plant; -- called also altheine.
Example Sentences:
(1) Nucleotide sequence analysis of cDNAs for asparagine synthetase (AS) of Pisum sativum has uncovered two distinct AS mRNAs (AS1 and AS2) encoding polypeptides that are highly homologous to the human AS enzyme.
(2) These results suggest that photochemical modification of a single residue of aspartate (or asparagine) is largely, if not entirely, responsible for photoinactivation of the enzyme under these conditions.
(3) Peptide:N-glycosidase F removed both the asparagine-linked oligosaccharide chains of ricin B-chain in the absence of lactose.
(4) Studies on asparagine synthetase indicate that resistance to albizziin may be due to altered regulation of asparagine synthetase, structural mutations of the enzyme, and gene amplification.
(5) This structural change opens the heme pocket and modifies the general conformation of the EF segment, thus explaining the increase in oxygen affinity and the achievement of a three-dimensional structure favoring asparagine deamidation.
(6) Overexpression of asparagine synthetase in beta-aspartyl hydroxamate-resistant lines without amplified copies of the gene was also correlated with DNA hypomethylation.
(7) 1H-NMR spectroscopy has been used to study the conformation and dynamics of the isolated tailpiece from human serum immunoglobulin M, a 22-residue peptide containing a single asparagine glycosylation site.
(8) Other amino acids (glutamine, taurine, asparagine, alanine, serine) were only altered in single brain regions, or were not altered at all (aspartate, glycine, threonine, arginine).
(9) Asparagine, arginine, isoleucine and phenylalanine administered under the stimulation of secretin-pancreozymin significantly inhibited the secretion of pancreatic juice by 23%, 15%, 13% and 13%, and the output of amylase by 53%, 37%, 27% and 18%, respectively.
(10) The presence of aspartic acid and asparagine residues in other conformations, such as those in partially denatured, conformationally flexible regions, may lead to more rapid succinimide formation and contribute to the degradation of the molecule.
(11) To investigate the role of N-linked oligosaccharide(s) in the expression and function of the receptor, we constructed glycosylation-defective mutant receptor genes in which the three asparagine codons were substituted by codons for either aspartate (Asp2,3,6), lysine (Lys2,3,6), or glutamine (Gln2,3,6).
(12) When amino acids and their amides were used as the sole nitrogen source, an intensive formation of vitamin B12 developed, if the medium contained aspartic acid, asparagine and cystein subjected to distinct deamination, and glutamine.
(13) Additionally, we have found that the cleaved propeptide of vWF is sulfated on asparagine-linked carbohydrate.
(14) l-Asparagine was the most effective nitrogen source for growth and production of fosfomycin.
(15) Predominant, secreted forms migrated as glycoproteins with asparagine-linked, complex-type oligosaccharides (32,000-36,000 daltons, pI 4.2-4.8).
(16) Three carbohydrate side chains were found in the heavy chain, all of them N-glycosidically linked to asparagine, which is present in the acceptor sequon Asn-Xaa-Thr (or -Ser); one additional potential glycosylation site devoid of a sugar side chain is found at position 30.
(17) A "charge-neutralizing" intra-loop salt bridge between Asp66 and Arg70 was not likely because the double mutant in which Asp66 and Arg70 were replaced with asparagine and leucine, respectively, showed no transport activity.
(18) Linear B- and T-cell epitopes have been identified in the Plasmodium falciparum clustered-asparagine-rich-protein (CARP).
(19) Although a weak inverse correlation was obtained when stability was compared to asparagine and glutamine content, we conclude that the degradation of an injected protein is unlikely to be related to any single structural parameter.
(20) The stimulating effect of AsnC on asnA transcription is abolished by asparagine, while the autoregulation of asnC is not affected by asparagine.