(n.) A defect of the eye or of a lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from one point are not brought to a single focal point, thus causing imperfect images or indistinctness of vision.
Example Sentences:
(1) The authors have presented in two previous articles the graphic solutions resembling Tscherning ellipses, for spherical as well as for aspherical ophthalmic lenses free of astigmatism or power error.
(2) The high incidence of infant astigmatism has implications for critical periods in human visual development and for infant acuity.
(3) The most frequently occurring signs were: tilting of the disc (89%), oblique direction of the vessels (89%) and myopic astigmatism (96%).
(4) There was no evidence of glaucoma in any of the patients although two patients exhibited keratoconus and another one manifested moderate to high astigmatism.
(5) Of 809 eyes that underwent the Kelman phacoemulsification and aspiration (KPE) procedure, we report on 4 patients (0.49%) who developed sudden against-the-rule (AR) astigmatism after intraocular lens implantation.
(6) The two last methods are used for correction of astigmatism.
(7) The eyes were compared to 105 control eyes in which no astigmatic incisions were performed to assess the estimated effect of the TAK incisions.
(8) The choice of the method depends on the kind and degree of astigmatism and the degree of the spherical ametropia of the operated eye.
(9) The change in refractive astigmatism was as high as 1.50DC (diopter cylinder).
(10) The endpoint for the procedure is corneal astigmatism that will allow either spectacle or contact lens correction, depending on the patient's visual needs.
(11) A total of 527 astigmatic patients were examined for their axial distribution.
(12) Astigmatism greater than +1.25 diopters (as high as +5.50 diopters) was most commonly associated with dacryoceles (eight of 12 eyes) and with hemangiomas (14 of 17 eyes).
(13) In terms of the various keratometry values compared, mean K (corneal refractive power), flattest K, steepest K, astigmatism and the axis of astigmatism, 65% to 75% of the cases on automated keratometry were within 0.26 dioptres or 11 degrees of manually determined values; the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001).
(14) Young adulthood myopia progression also appeared to be accompanied by a slight tendency toward a with-the-rule astigmatic shift.
(15) Forty-nine cases of primary keratophakia and 13 cases of secondary keratophakia were analyzed for postoperative astigmatism.
(16) A numerical example reveals some lesser known properties of the circle of least confusion of astigmatic pencils.
(17) Group II includes 10 patients with astigmatism due to circumscribed peripheral limbal corneal dystrophy.
(18) Amblyopia was due to anisometropia in 24 cases (50%), strabismus in 9 cases (18.7%), high astigmatism (meridional) in 7 cases (14.5%) and other causes or a combination of factors in 8 cases (16.7%).
(19) The differences between the 2 eyes were not statistically significant so far as the amount of astigmatism, final visual acuity, and peripheral anterior synechiae were concerned.
(20) Results showed that the wearing of spherical soft contact lenses, such as those used in this study, cannot be expected to predictably mask astigmatism.
Stigma
Definition:
(v. t.) A mark made with a burning iron; a brand.
(v. t.) Any mark of infamy or disgrace; sign of moral blemish; stain or reproach caused by dishonorable conduct; reproachful characterization.
(v. t.) That part of a pistil which has no epidermis, and is fitted to receive the pollen. It is usually the terminal portion, and is commonly somewhat glutinous or viscid. See Illust. of Stamen and of Flower.
(v. t.) A small spot, mark, scar, or a minute hole; -- applied especially to a spot on the outer surface of a Graafian follicle, and to spots of intercellular substance in scaly epithelium, or to minute holes in such spots.
(v. t.) A red speck upon the skin, produced either by the extravasation of blood, as in the bloody sweat characteristic of certain varieties of religious ecstasy, or by capillary congestion, as in the case of drunkards.
(v. t.) One of the external openings of the tracheae of insects, myriapods, and other arthropods; a spiracle.
(v. t.) One of the apertures of the pulmonary sacs of arachnids. See Illust. of Scorpion.
(v. t.) One of the apertures of the gill of an ascidian, and of Amphioxus.
(v. t.) A point so connected by any law whatever with another point, called an index, that as the index moves in any manner in a plane the first point or stigma moves in a determinate way in the same plane.
(v. t.) Marks believed to have been supernaturally impressed upon the bodies of certain persons in imitation of the wounds on the crucified body of Christ. See def. 5, above.
Example Sentences:
(1) Health information dissemination is severely complicated by the widespread stigma associated with digestive topics, manifested in the American public's general discomfort in communicating with others about digestive health.
(2) It is likely that many of the girls end up working in brothels, but due to the stigma of being a sex worker they will usually report they were forced into marriage.
(3) To feel like a useful human being without any stigma attached, without undue fears and pressures but with a sense of being needed and wanted, that is what life is all about.
(4) Prince Harry and the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have enlisted a rapper, a Royal Marine and a Labour spin doctor to try to push stigma about discussing mental health beyond what they believe is a “tipping point” and into public acceptability.
(5) This stigma remains to the present and was observed to exist even among service providers: Low knowledge levels of patients on the causes of the disease on the one hand, and service providers on the cure, particularly on the use of Multiple Drug Therapy.
(6) The failure of this effort, along with the stigma against psychiatry has led to poor treatment of disturbed patients by primary care physicians.
(7) The stigma of having no brothers or sisters meant that any acting up was immediately dismissed with a caustic, “Well, he is an only child.” The subtext was that my parents had doted on me excessively, inflating my sense of importance.
(8) Patients react to the physical realities of the disease while experiencing the stigma and fear which society imposes on AIDS.
(9) She also warned over increasing stigma being shown toward Gypsies, Travellers and Roma struggling to find accommodation.
(10) Commonly there is a desire by girl learners to continue their education , especially their formal education, despite their pregnancy even when the barriers to returning to school imposed by their families or schools and social stigmas may not easily permit it.
(11) This article focuses on the management of stigma by methadone maintenance patients.
(12) The patients may find that a psychiatric diagnostic label is a stigma and has bad consequences.
(13) You take one aspect of someone or some group's behaviour and jump to far-reaching conclusions as to their mental state and inflict an unwarranted stigma upon them.
(14) Factor analysis yielded four indices: a) impact of disease (e.g., being a burden, loss of energy, loss of bowel control); b) sexual intimacy; c) complications of disease (e.g., developing cancer, having surgery, dying early); and d) body stigma (e.g., feeling dirty or smelly).
(15) The UCI should also pay more attention to medical issues in cycling and when Therapeutic Use Exemptions should be granted Words of warning Sanctioned riders should be used ‘as an educational tool’ to inform their peers about the dangers of doping through interviews, appearances, lectures and recorded messages pointing out the impact of doping on their lives, ‘the social stigma, financial impact, health effects and self-esteem issues’ Voice of the union The UCI should ‘facilitate the creation of a strong riders’ union … to give riders a collective voice particularly on issues of ownership, revenue sharing, the racing calendar and anti-doping.
(16) In essence, criminalisation leads to stigma, and stigma leads to harassment."
(17) The sequence is reported of a cDNA molecule homologous to an mRNA from stigma tissue of Brassica oleracea plants homozygous for the S5 self-incompatibility allele.
(18) It was really only when William Styron published Darkness Visible in 1990 that depression entered mainstream social discourse and began to lose its stigma (even growing into a badge of honour for a while).
(19) As part of UNAids’ Protect the Goal campaign to raise awareness of HIV and Aids during the World Cup in Rio, we explored whether tweets could be used to measure HIV-related stigma.
(20) Encopresis afflicts one in 100 children causing considerable stigma and parental concern.